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Des Moines Biographies

BIOGRAPHICAL.

DES MOINES

ABBETT, CAPT. W. A.-Is a native of Lafayette, Ind.; born Dec. 6, 1840; about the year 1850 removed with his parents to Indianapolis where he was raised. His education was obtained partly in the common schools and high school, supplemented by a course in the university. While out of school his time was devoted to clerking and as a newsboy. At the first call for troops he enlisted in the Third Missouri, but through the entreaties of his mother, and also the officers, he was rejected, and them returned to clerking; but in June, 1862, he again enlisted, as private in company A, Seventy-ninth Indiana volunteers, and managed to be accepted, and sworn into the service before it was known at home. He was promoted to sergeant, and in February following to first lieutenant. In July, 1864, he received his commission as captain; was ranking officer, and remained in command of the regiment for some time. At the close of the war in 1865 he was mustered out, having been in all the battles with the Army of the Cumberland, participating in Stone river, Murfreesboro, Chickamauga, Missionary Ridge, Resaca, Dalton, Atlanta and Kenesaw Mountain, and several others, in all over thirty battles and skirmishes, receiving but one wound. He entered into the commission business, continuing one year, and then engaged in the boot and shoe business, and in 1867 came to this city. He became associated with W. E. Talbott in the wholesale and retail shoe business, under the firm name of W. E. Talbott & Co., and later as Talbott & Abbett. In 1875 Mr. J. H. Hatch bought out Mr. Talbott, and the firm continued as Hatch & Abbett until March, 1880, when they sold out. On the 25th of October, 1871, Mr. Abbett was married to Miss Nona J., daughter of Hon. J. H. Hatch, of this city. They have two children: May and Emma. Have lost one son, Charles L.; died in July, 18l5.

AINSWORTH, E. E.-Was born in Burlington, Vermont, August 15, 1839. His youth was spent on a farm, where he remained until 1860, when he removed to Macoupin county, Illinois. While residing in Macoupin county he was engaged in the insurance business. In 1863 he was appointed military store-keeper of the Army of the Potomac, which position he held for one year. In 1864 he was employed in the mustering office at Brattleboro, Vermont, in which position, he remained till the close of the war. He removed to Iowa in the fall of 1866, and located in Des Moines. The business in which he engaged upon settling in this city was that of the agricultural implement trade. This business he has success-

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fully followed for nearly fifteen years, and has by energy and fair dealing established a large business and an enviable business reputation. The firm name is that of Ainsworth & Bonbright, and their place of business is on Court Avenue, near the river.

AITON, ROBERT-Was born in New York City, December 11, 1844, and was there raised. In May, 1862, he enlisted in the Twelfth New York regiment; was commissioned first lieutenant of the Twenty-sixth United States colored troops in January, 1864, and in February, 1865, to captainof the One Hundred and Twenty-eighth United States colored troops. He came to Iowa in 1868, and was principal of the Bedford High School in 1868 and 1870. Having studied law, he was admitted to practice in September, 1869, by Judge McDill, and moving to Malvern, Mills county, in March, 1873, soon acquired an extensive practice. He was elected mayor of Malvern in April, 1875, and served for one year. In September, 1877, he established the Mills County Republican, and in August of the year following he came to this county, locating in Des Moines, having purchased the Des Moines News, of which paper he has since been the editor. Mr. Aiton is a stalwart Republican, and is doing good work for the party as secretary of the State Council of the Union League. In 1869 he was married to Miss Nellie Pangburn. They have by this union two children: Archie and Maude.

ANDREWS, L. F.-Secretary of the State Board of Health. Was born at Athol, Worcester county, Massachusetts, March 8th, 1829, and when two years of age accompanied his parents to Brandon, Vermont. Ten ,years later he returned to Massachusetts, and at the age of sixteen years entered the office of the Barre (Mass.) Patriot, serving an apprenticeship .of three years. He then removed to Michigan, and in 1850 established the Western Union Newspaper, which with presses and type went up in a cloud of fire as a victim of a fourth of July pyrotechnic display. He then removed to Wisconsin, and for a time was city editor of the Oskosh Northwestern; thence to Lafayette, Indiana, where he was for two years assistant editor of the Daily Courier. In December, 1864, he came to Des Moines, and at once entered journalism. Has been the special correspondent of the Chicago Journal since '64, and at presents represents that paper, together with the Chicago Tribune, St. Paul Pioneer Press, St. Louis Globe-Democrat, and New York Tribune. He has probably been the longest in continuous practice as a journalist of any person in the city. While employed ten hours a day at his regular business he found time to read law; entered the first class of the Iowa Law School, now the law department of the State University. Graduated with the class of 1866, and was admitted to the bar of the federal and State courts. Was appointed United States Commissioner for the district of Iowa by Judge Dillon in 1856. He was night editor of the Daily State Register under the  administration of Mills & Co., and city editor of the Daily Republican and Daily State Journal, with brief intervals during their existence. May 5,1880, he was elected to his present position. He is faithful to every duty which he undertakes, and is well known beyond the borders of the State as a most reliable correspondent. His acquaintance with prominent men of the State is extensive, and he has made many friends by his straightforward manners and unostentatious course in the performance of his work. He was married at Kalamazoo, Michigan, August 11, 1861, to Sophia M. Crittenden, a native of Palmyra,

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New York, born April 27; 1829. They have two children living: Lillian A. and Frank M.

ANDREWS, WALTER E.-The subject of this brief notice was born in Lowell, Mass., July 24, 1849. After the usual course of primary instruction in the common school, he finished his school education at Barre University, Vermont. Like thousands of other energetic and aspiring young men of New England, he early resolved to seek some field of usefulness in the great and growing West. Good fortune directed his footsteps to Iowa, where he landed in the spring of 1870, not yet twenty-one years of age. In December, 1872, he came to Des Moines, where he was employed for several months as city editor of the Iowa State Leader, soon purchasing an interest in the same. In the fall of 1876 he disposed of his interest in that paper to engage in the enterprise of which he has since been the business head. As manager of the Iowa Printing Company (now Western Newspaper Union) he has contributed largely in giving to the capital city of Iowa one of its most successful business enterprises. Mr. Andrews was united in marriage to Miss Bessie Towne, daughter of J. J. Towne, of  Des Moines, February 6, 1877. The worthy young couple are now the happy parents of two daughters: Rose and Esther.

ANKENY, GEN. JOSEPH-This truly noble man was born at Somerset, Pa., June 30, 1802. At the early age of seventeen he accompanied his brother in his emigration to Southern Illinois, where he spent nearly two years. They floated down the Ohio river to its mouth; thence they pulled up the Mississippi and Kaskaskia rivers to Brownsville. He returned on horseback to Somerset in 1820. This early and hazardous journey tended to strongly develop his manliness and self-reliance. He was married at Berlin, Somerset county, Pa., July 29, 1823, to Harriet Gersey, the estimable woman who until his death, and beyond the golden wedding, trod with him the path of life, and who at this writing still lives in the city, a noble type of true womanhood. They lived on the old homestead on Pennsylvania, until 1831, when they removed to Millersburg, Holmes county, Ohio, where as farmer and merchant he lived for thirty-five'years. In this time he was a member of the Ohio Legislature during three terms, and filled other offices, both civil and military. He was one of the Republican electors of his State in 1860, and was chosen to carry the electoral  vote of Ohio to Washington upon the breaking out of the rebellion. No man exercised a greater or more beneficial influence in behalf of liberty and the Union. He had fifty-two near relatives and descendants battling for the right. His prominent support of the war measures rendered his further residence in Holmes county unpleasant, and he determined to seek a more patriotic locality. This resulted in his making his future home in Polk county, Iowa, in 1867. Here be continued to live until May 19, 1876, when he was removed by death. General Ankeny purchased property in Des Moines and entered his farm, consisting of section twelve, in Crocker township in 1854, since which time, in interest and residence be has been identified with the settlement and progress of Polk county. At the time of his death he was among the oldest Masons in the State. All the Masons of the city joined to escort his remains to the grave. General Ankeny was cast in a heroic mould; a man of tenacious character, the Huguenot blood of his ancestry flowing strongly in his veins. Independent and self-reliant, he was ever forward and energetic in all the duties of life, and through all his career awakened and returned the confidence and re- 

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spect of the best people among whom he resided. He left a record such as falls to few men. The children of General Ankeny residing in Polk county are Dr. J. F. Ankeny and Capt. P. D. Ankeny, General Rollin Y. Ankeny, Mrs. John R. Barcroft, and Miss Hattie L. Ankeny at home with their mother, corner of Tenth and Locust streets. Capt. Henry G. Ankeny resides in Adams county, Iowa, and Mary E., now Mrs. Clark, at Hartford,. Conn.

ANKENY, GEN. ROLLIN V.-Was born in Somerset county, Pennsylvania, May 22,1830. While yet a child his parents removed to Millersburg, Ohio, and his time during youth and early manhood was chiefly spent in the mercantile house of his father. In 1852 he engaged in the drug business at Millersburg, in which he continued about four years. In 1855 he removed to Freeport, Illinois, where he engaged in farming. He was one of the originators of the Stephenson County Agricultural Society and Farmers' Club, of which society he was the honored president and secretary for more than four years. He followed the occupation of farmer till the breaking out of the late war. During the first months after the beginning of the war he was engaged in "stumping" his own and adjoining counties, persuading his friends to enlist; by their energetic course of action he was instrumental in raising more recruits for the army than any other one man in the county.. After having done much effective work in recruiting volunteers, himself volunteered in August, 1861, in company B, Forty-sixth infantry, as a private soldier, became orderly sergeant, first lieutenant, and then captain of his company, and in September, following, was in the first organization of the Army of the Tennessee, participating in the first campaign, and up to the capture of Vicksburg, when he was acting under confidential orders, until July, 1864. During the month last named he was engaged in recruiting the One Hundred and Forty-second regiment of Illinois Infantry, and went to the front as colonel of said regiment, and was soon promoted to the command of the brigade, which position he held till the close of the war. In 1865 he was promoted to the rank of brigadier-general for gallant and efficient conduct. At the close of the war he returned to his former home and became connected with the Freeport Journal, and was connected with that paper about a year; was elector on the Republican ticket in Illinois during the campaign which resulted in Grant's first election; he was also chairman of the Stephenson county Republican central committee. He resumed the occupation of farming in 1866, which he followed till 1870, when he removed to Polk county. He was engaged in the lumber business at Winterset during 1872,'73. HL disposed of the business in Winterset, and returned to Des Moines, and was appointed deputy United. States Marshal, which office he held until 1878, when he was severely injured in an accident on the Sioux City & Pacific Railroad, and was thereby unfitted for active business for the time being. After having spent about one year in Colorado recruiting his health he returned to Iowa. In 1879 he received an appointment in the Department of the Interior, and was engaged in the discharge of his duties chiefly in Florida and Illinois. In
July, 1880, he was sent on duty to Oregon. He was married August 4, 1853, to Miss Sarah Irvine. She was the daughter of Dr. J. S. Irvine, of Millersburg, Ohio; she was raised and educated at the latter  place, and was a lady of fine education and rare personal accomplishments. She died

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January 12, 1879, leaving a family of four children; they are named Irvine S., Hattie L. wife of J. W. Conger, of Dexter, Rollin V., and Mary E.

ARISS, THOMAS-Of the firm of Kahler & Co., dealers in boots and shoes. Was born in Canada, on the 23d of June, 1842, and there was raised and educated. While young he learned his present business and followed it in that country until July, 1863, when he came to this city. Was admitted into the firm and is now successfully carrying on business under the firm name of Kahler & Co. He was married in this city April 7, 1880, to Miss Bryan, daughter of A. J. Bryan.

ASH, ELI-Among the early settlers of Polk county who have been identified with its growth and development none deserves a more extensive notice than Eli Ash, who was born in Wood county, Virginia, June 4, 1817. While yet an infant his parents removed to Ohio and located near Gallipolis, where young Ash was raised and educated. When eighteen years of age he learned the brick making trade, which he followed three years; his health becoming impaired he concluded to change his occupation, and soon after learned the cabinet trade, which he followed until 1842, when he engaged in school teaching and building by times. In November, 1845, he came to this State, and located in Van Buren county, and to this county April 21, 1848, and bought a claim of Dr. Jas. Campbell on section 34, township 39, which he still owns, being a valuable tract of seventy-five acres, adjoining the city limits, and is destined to become the chosen location for residences of the capital city. After locating here Mr. Ash followed building principally until 1872, when he partially retired from the more laborious occupation of his life to enjoy a well-earned competency. In manners Mr. Ash is unostentatious and reserved, yet social and courteous. In business affairs he possesses rare judgment and extensive practical knowledge, and his wise counsel is often sought by those more actively engaged. September 3, 1843, he married Miss Surrepta Campbell, of Scotch-Irish origin. They have seven children living: Elizabeth (wife of C. 1). Pulford, of Clinton, Ia.), James M., George T., John A., Eli F., Eliza J. (wife of Mark Skinner), and Josephine; have lost three: Charles, Burt, and Ida Rozatha.

ATHERTON, A. C.-Of the firm of Robinson & Atherton, steam heating and plumbing business, was born in Anderson, Madison county, Indiana, August 3, 1850, where he resided until fifteen years of age, when he entered the telegraph department of the Chicago & Cincinnati Air Line Railroad.. He was shortly promoted to train dispatcher and superintendent of telegraph, where he remained until 1869, when he became connected with the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Railroad Company as train dispatcher, which position he held until February, 1873, when he received the appointment of master of transportation and superintendent of telegraph of the International & Great Northern Railroad of Texas. The yellow fever becoming epidemic in the South, he resigned and returned North against the earnest protest of Mr. Hoxie, general manager. He then assumed his former position on the C. R. I. & P. R. R. In February, 1876, he was appointed general purchasing agent and master of transportation of the Central Iowa Railroad Company, which he resigned January 1, 1878, and returned to Des Moines. He soon after formed a partnership with Mr. Hiram Robinson, in the steam heating and plumbing business. The business of the firm extends widely over the State, especially that of steam heating apparatus for public buildings. Mr. Atherton, or "Cliff," as he is familiarly

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called, is a man of sterling business qualities, quick perception, clear judgment and possessing a high sense of honor. He was united in marriage to Gertrude, eldest daughter of Hon. Chester C. Cole, December 10, 1874. By this union they have two children: Chester and Alice L.

ATKINSON, A. Of the firm of Atkinson Bros., photographers, was born in Ohio, on the 5th of July, 1851, and, when seven years of age, moved with his parents to this city. Here he learned his trade and has since continued his business, now having a very nice gallery. The firm also have a wholesale and retail stationery store on Court Avenue, at which they are doing a good business. Mr. Atkinson was married in California, November 29, 18?7, to Miss Elizabeth Hoariet. By this union they have one child, Edna M., born August 21, 1878.

AULMANN, WILLIAM Of Aulmann's brewery, born near Burlington, Iowa, April 19, 1852. The enterprise with which Mr. A. is connected was established by his father in 1866, and is probably one of the largest breweries in this portion of the State. His father came to the United States from Germany when he was twenty-seven years of age. At the outbreak of the war between the United States and Mexico he volunteered his services, and served until discharged on account of wounds. In 1866 he removed from Burlington to Des Moines and became extensively engaged in the brewing business, which he followed until his demise, December 31, 1874.

AYERS, G. K. Is the oldest son of W. F. Ayers, who came to Fort Des Moines from Ohio, in October, 1845, and settled here by permission of Captain Allen, now deceased, and is one of the oldest settlers now living in this city. Young Ayers was employed in improving a claim on section 9, which belonged to his father. This land has since been known as Hoxie's addition to Des Moines. At the age of twenty-two years he entered into partnership with his father, put up a steam saw mill on the west side of the river it being the first circular saw mill in the county and in the fall of 1856 they built a steam flouring mill. This mill was burned in 1861, and since that time Mr. Ayers has divided his time between milling and agricultural pursuits. In the winter of 1879-80, in connection with several enterprising gentlemen, he built the glucose works in this city, Mr. Ayers taking charge of the milling part of the enterprise. On the 5th of July, 1857, he was married to Miss Eliza Raling, a native of Ohio. They have three children living Allie M. (wife of G. W. Penn), Anna F. and Lillie. Have lost one son, Harry L.

AYRES, SAMUEL A.-Dealer in chinaware and crockery, was born March 12, 1835, in Lee county, near Ft. Madison. His father had settled there in 1833, and our subject was amongst the first white children born at that place. He was raised on a farm and received a common school education. When fifteen years of age he went to Muscatine and was engaged as a clerk in a general store. There he remained about four years and then went to St. Louis, graduating from the Jones Commercial College. From that city he went to Kansas City; remained one year and then came to Des Moines, in December, 1854, when he took a position as clerk in a real estate office, continuing therein for two years.. He went west to Council Bluffs and Sioux City and remained about two years. After his return he enlisted in company D, Second Iowa, in April, 1861. Was out about one year and then left his regiment at Pittsburg Landing, being discharged on account of disability. On his return from the army he was book-keeper for about three years in the State 

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Auditor's office; under Cattell. and was then appointed Deputy Auditor, serving under Elliott for six years, and under Russell for four years. He commenced his present business in April, 1878. He was married in Henry, county, this State, in December, 1866, to Miss Minnie Menifee, a native of Virginia. He has the honor of being the first male child born in the Territory of Iowa. They have two sons and two daughters: Mary Y., Edgar S., Minnie, and Samuel N.

AYRES, L. E.-Book-keeper in State Auditor's office; born in Lee, county, Iowa, in 1844, November 4th, where he was raised and educated, residing there until January, 1863, when he removed to Des Moines, where, with the exception of a few years, he has since resided. During the war he served in the Fourth Iowa cavalry, company G, enlisting November 16, 1861, and
serving until October, 9th, 1862, when he was discharged on account of disabilities. December 26, 1872, he accepted his present position in the State Auditor's office, which, position he has since occupied. He was joined in marriage May 31, 1865, to Miss Emma Strathern, a native of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Have three children living: Emma D., George E., and Harry S; have buried two: Willie E., and Freddie.

BADGER, B. H.-This gentleman is the general agent of the Babcock and Chemical engine, and dealer in fire department supplies. He first saw the light in New York City September 17, 1840. He had a good education, and in 1853 was clerk in a banking house in Louisville, Kentucky.  In '58 he returned to New York as book-keeper in a wholesale house. In '61. was among the first to enlist under the tree-months call for troops, and enters company 9, Thirteenth New York State militia. . The regiment was disbanded at the end of the three months, but most of its members promptly re-enlisted, still retaining the name of the Thirteenth. Young Badger, enlisted in the same and was soon promoted, taking all the grades to second lieutenant. He resigned his commission in December, 1862. He then came to Chicago and was in the brokerage business until 1865, meeting, with heavy financial reverses. He then accepted a position in a grocery house, and afterward represented a clothing house of Rochester, New York.. In 1876 he became general agent of the Babcock Extinguisher Company, since merged in the consolidated Fire Extinguisher Company, of Chicago,. with headquarters at Des Moines. Miss Harriet M. Hutchinsop, a lady of rare personal attraction, became his wife December 14, 1863. Their family consists of Anna B., Grace H., John H., James M., and, Lucy W., having lost one infant daughter. 

BAKER, N. B.-(Deceased.) Adjutant-General of Iowa from July 25, 1861, to September 13, 1876. Was born September 29; 1818, in Henniker, Merrimac county (then Hillsborough), New Hampshire. He was prepared for college by Dr. Abbott, of Phillips Academy, and was graduated at Cambridge, in class of 1839. After leaving college he studied law with Franklin Pierce, Judge Fowler, an Gen. Peaslee. He was admitted to the bar in 1842, but soon connected himself with the secular press. In 1845 he was appointed clerk of the court of common pleas, and in 1846 clerk of the Supreme Court of Judicature for Merrimac county. In 1852 he resigned his clerkship and went into the practice of law. In 1850 and 1851 he was representative from Concord, and Speaker of the House both years. In 1854 he was elected Governor of New Hampshire, and his administration was characterized with his usual promptness and energy. In 1856 he removed to Iowa, and settled at Clinton, where he followed his

768  BIOGRAPHICAL.

profession until 1860. He was elected to the State Legislature in 1859, and served as representative of Clinton county in 1860 and the extra session of 1861. On the 25th of July, 1861, he was appointed by Governor Kirkwood Adjutant-General of Iowa, and retained his place until his death, which occurred on the 13th of September, 1876. Among the multitude of things good and noble performed by Gen. Baker, none are more worthy of notice than the following: In 1872 the northwestern portion of Iowa was devastated by immense swarms of grasshoppers, completely destroying the crops, and bringing a great majority of the settlers to a sad degree of impoverishment and want. The want of the people became known, and General Baker at once  and by common and universal consent took charge of the relief movement. He made known the wants of  "his people" and public confidence in him being thoroughly hearty, were all more than met. To his prompt and efficient labors thousands of worthy men, women and children owe much, for he originated the charity that brought to many of them not only the necessaries of  life, but saved them from actual starvation.

BAKER, GEORGE C.-Of the firm of Geo. C. Baker & Co., hardware dealers, and manufacturers and jobbers of tinware. Among the prominent business men of this city may be mentioned the above named  gentleman, who was born in Cook county, Illinois, December 21, 1844, and raised as a farmer's boy, and when eleven years of age he came with his parents to this county. In August, 1862, being but seventeen years old, he enlisted in company B, Twenty-third Iowa infantry, and participated in the following battles: Vicksburg, Milliken's Bend, Fort Esperanza, Fort Blakesley, Port Gibson, Champions'- Hill, Black River, and Jackson, Mississippi, being mustered out in September, 1865. After his return from the army he engaged in the mercantile business in Polk City, where he continued until 1873, when he was elected County Auditor and was re-elected in 1875. He commenced his present business in April, 1877, and has succeeded in building up a large and constantly increasing trade. His private life and public record are alike untarnished. He was married in 1867 to Miss Mary, daughter of George and Mary Robinson, she is a native of Pennsylvania. Their family circle are George W. and Charles K. Have lost one son, Clyde E.

BALDWIN, C. M.-Proprietor of the Capital City Art Gallery, corner East Walnut and Fifth streets. Mr. B. is a native of Indiana, having been born in Grant county, that State, January 27, 1848. There he resided until he was 17 years of age when his father removed to Michigan, where he resided some two years, when he came to Iowa, locating in Marshall county. During the time he resided in that county he was engaged in agricultural pursuits. In 1874 he came to Des Moines, and for some four years was in the employ of M. C. Lewis. In October 1878, he bought Mr. Lewis out and has since been conducting the business, having large and commodious rooms on the northeast corner of East Walnut and Fifth. He was united in marriage to Mrs. L. J. Atkinson, a native of Ohio, December 25, 1876. Have buried two children: Ella and Stella.

BALDWIN, G. W.-Was born in Lewis county, New York, on the 22d of August, 1808, and there was raised and educated. His father, Elijah Baldwin, and family, were the first settlers of Martinsburgh, Lewis county, and young Baldwin was there employed in farming: For nine years he was deputy sheriff of his county, and in 1840 embarked in the mercantile busi-

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ness, which he followed until 1846, when he removed to Rome, N. Y. For seven years he was superintendent on the Erie canal. He built a mill for grinding plaster, and engaged in the manufacture of saleratus at Rome, in 1862. In 1865 he came to this city and for three years was employed as steward of the Savery House. He was overseer of the poor farm six years and supervisor for the same length of time. In 1876 he became engaged in a file factory, which he still owns and operates. His marriage was on the 29th of August, 1833, to Miss Malinda, daughter of David Waters, a prominent citizen of Martinsburgh, N. Y. They have three children living: Charles W., Florence A. wife of John G. Dissell, of Rome), and Julia A. (at home).

BARTLETT, J. W.-Of the firm of Mitchell, Bartlett & Crain, wholesale druggists, was born in Ohio, February 19, 1846, and when five years of age emigrated with his parents to Clarke county, Iowa, and there he was raised and educated. He was engaged in clerking until 1864, when he enlisted in company H, Forty-sixth Iowa infantry and served four months, then being honorably discharged. He removed to Winterset and engaged in the drug business, continuing it one year, when he read law with John Leonard, Esq., and in the fall of 1868 was admitted to the bar. Was then employed as a book-keeper and assistant cashier, and in the spring of 1874 be came to this city and went into the National State Bank, and, one year later, into the Valley Bank. He was married in Winterset to Miss Josephine Philbrick. They have three children living: Frederick W., Byram L. and an infant. Have lost two: Edith M. and Harry.

BARTLETT, BEN. J.-Architect, was born in New Hampshire, on the 17th day of July, 1834, and removed from this place to Newburyport, Massachusetts. He received his architectural education in Boston, Mass., and had the advantages of the best instruction in the State, combined with practical experience. In 1855 he went to Illinois. During the late war he enlisted in the Forty-fifth Massachusetts infantry, afterward merged in the Fourth heavy artillery. After he was mustered out of the U. S. service he returned to Illinois, settled in Chicago, and had a wide experience in his profession. He came to this city in 1876, and has made a specialty of school-houses and churches, and his designs may be seen from Wellington, Ohio, to Colorado, west, and Texas, south. He was married to Miss Ruth B. Fitch, of Plainfield, N. H., in 1854. By this union they have two children: Anna B. and Ben. W. A.

BEANER, JACOB-Carpenter and builder, was born in Pennsylvania on the 19th of June, 1839, and remained there until after he was educated. He then commenced farming and followed the same until the spring of 1859, when he learned the carpenter's trade. This he continued till August, 1862, when he enlisted in company I, One Hundred and Twenty-second Pennsylvania volunteers and served for nine months, when he was honorably discharged, then returned to his place of birth, continuing his trade, and in May, 1867, he came to this city and has since resided here, doing a good business. He has, on an average, six men employed daily. He was married in Pennsylvania, April 18,1867, to Miss Mary N. Lefevere. Their family consists of six children: Anna, Emma L., Frederick H.; Mary L., Jacob D. and Charles C.

BECKWITH, JOHN -Postmaster, is a native of Livingston county, New York, and was born on the 11th day of August, 1837. He lived in his native place until nineteen years of age, and was raised with a mercantile experience. In 1861 he enlisted in the One Hundred and Fourth New

770  BIOGRAPHICAL.

York infantry, and, after serving thirteen months, was discharged on account of disability, and for two years was in the employ of the government. in Tennessee. He came to this county in December, 1866, and in April,. 1867, became connected with the post-office as mailing clerk, and, after various promotions, had charge of the office. In 1879, when Mr. Clarkson resigned the position of postmaster, on his recommendation Mr. Beckwith. received the appointment. He married Miss A. C. Nelson in 1868: She is. a native of Iowa. They have a family of two children: William and Jessie.. Lost one son, Andrew N.

BENNETT, R. D.-Coal dealer, East Des Moines, was born in Oneida county, New York, November 15,1831, where he was raised, and resided on a farm until he came to Des Moines, in 1865. Since residing in the city he has, been principally engaged in the retail coal trade on the East Side, and for the past several years has had charge of the street sprinkling for that side of the river. He served some six years as township trustee for Lee township, during which time he was overseer of the poor for the Seventh ward, and in 1879 he was appointed to the same position for the entire township,, which position he is at present filling. He was united in marriage, in 1860, to Margaret Larkin, a native of Canada. Have four children: Elva, Roscoe C., Ernest and Estella. 

BIRD, REV. THOMPSON-Rev. Thompson Bird, or "Father Bird," as he was familiarly and reverently called by all who knew him, was born in Caswell county, North Carolina, January 7, 1804. He lived with his parents until he was twelve years of age, when he entered a store as a clerk. Possessed of an ardent thirst for knowledge, he remained, but five years in a store. He prepared for college at a private academy, and entered the. University of Chapel Hill, North Carolina, from which he graduated in 1827: He then returned to his native town, where he became a tutor in the academy, filling three terms; thence be served three terms as tutor in his alma mater; while there he resolved to enter the Christian ministry. With him to resolve was to do. He went to Andover and entered the Theological Seminary, where he remained three years, a classmate of Prof. Caleb Mills, of Wabash College, and other eminent scholars. His broad catholic mind could not but contrast the condition of the two sections of country-the South, dwarfed and degenerated by her peculiar institution; the North, with her free schools, intelligent, progressive masses, and energy of character, at once awakened his attention and fixed his purpose. He returned to North Carolina and entered the missionary field on Dan River, along the borders of North Carolina and Virginia. December 18a 1838, he married Miss Anna Parkhurst Knowlton, a native of Hartford, Vermont, a woman of rare culture, and possessing all the attributes of true womanhood. She went to Fayetteville, North Carolina, in 1836, where she taught school about one year; thence she removed to Raleigh, where she was engaged in teaching, when she formed the acquaintance of Mr. Bird; they were married in Sussex county, Virginia. In 1840 Mr. Bird removed to Thornton, Indiana, where he remained until 1847, when he came to Iowa, stopping a few months at Red Rock; thence to Des Moines, which was then but a small hamlet. In October, of that year, he began his labors as a missionary of Des Moines Presbytery for Polk and, adjoining counties, which embraced a wide extent of territory, Polk county alone covering nearly all of the State north and west of Des Moines. His first work was to form a nucleus around which to labor. He organized the Central Pres-

DES MOINES.                                                                                  771

byterian Church in June, 1848, and remained its pastor until October, 1865, when he resigned. A few primitive cabins, a group of soldiers' barracks, and hazel brush, were all of where now stands a city of magnificent proportions. Mr. Bird was then a poor man, with a wife and several little children dependent on him for support, but with an abiding faith in his God he surveyed with cheerfulness the field of his labor, and girded himself for the work before him and the privations of pioneer life. He entered. at once upon an active, busy life. On foot or on horseback he traversed his territory, going from neighborhood to neighborhood, swimming rivers, plunging through sloughs, to preach in some cabin or shaded grove. To walk from Red Rock to Cedar Rapids to attend a meeting of the Synod or Presbytery, was not an unusual occurrence. He went where duty called, at all times and in all seasons. His presence was always greeted with gladness. He was the able defender of the faith, and a wise counselor. Sunday schools were special objects of interest with him, and Bible and tract distribution his favorite work. In 1852 he began the erection of a church edifice, on Fourth street, on the lot adjoining Mills & Co.'s block, an account of which will be found on page 679. Mr. Bird, early in the settlement of the town made small but judicious investments in real estate, which, owing, to the rapid growth and prosperity of the town and city, placed him in easy financial circumstances. Jan.. 1, 1864, he was stricken with paralysis, from which he did not recover, and on Monday, January 4, 1869, on a beautiful day, just as the sun went down in the west, sweetly as a babe falls asleep this noble father in Israel closed his eyes in death. He was of that class of men who leave their impress where they live, and to him, and the noble, self-sacrificing labors of his wife, now living, is the city of Des Moines largely indebted for its present good name and prosperity. They laid the foundation stone of her social structure on the church and school, upon which has been built a monument grand and glorious.

BIRD, W. K.-William Knowlton Bird, eldest son of Rev. Thompson Bird, was born in Thorntown, Boone Co., Ind., Sept. 9, 1840. In 1847, with his parents be came to Iowa, where be has grown to manhood. In his youth he possessed uncommon educational advantages, receiving the tutelage of his father, and cultured, affectionate mother, who evidently molded his character and impressed upon him those traits of integrity and sterling worth which give him to-day a prominent place among the business men of the city of his adoption. He early entered a select school at Norwich, Connecticut, but was unable to pursue his studies, owing to the weakness of his eyes. Returning home, he taught school several terms, until the tocsin of war sounded, when he enlisted in company D of that noble, heroic, grand old band of patriots, the Second Iowa Infantry, but was rejected because of the difficulty with his eyes. Undaunted he persisted in his object, and finally succeeded in securing a place in the ranks. At the end of nine months he was compelled to return home, and for more than three years was unable to transact any business. So soon as he recovered from his disability he entered a dry goods store as salesman, and his genial manners, cultivated mind, and honesty of purpose, at once made him popular. In 1873 he naturally concluded that what was profitable to his employers would be also to himself; and renting the corner of Court Avenue and Fourth street in the then unoccupied Aborn House, he began to paddle his own canoe. It was not long until his increasing business demanded more
commodious

772 BIOGRAPHICAL.

quarters. Luckily the State Insurance Company decided to erect a fine stone front structure on Fourth street between Court Avenue and Walnut. With a keen sagacity which marks the successful business man, Mr. Bird at once secured the occupancy of the entire first story and basement, which was arranged for his special use, making one of the largest and best appointed dry goods houses in the West. While many wiseacres doubtingly shook their heads, Mr. Bird, with that indomitable energy and self-reliance which so characterized his father, ventured to supply a trade want of metropolitan proportions. Events have proved his remarkable success. Through all the recent years of panic and financial revulsions, his commercial ship neither tacked to the right nor left, nor went backward, but straight on, and to-day he stands with the first of business men in the city, possessing the confidence and highest esteem of all in social and monetary circles-one to whom citizens can point with a good degree of pride, as in several other cases where Mother Bird had the early training. November 14, 1866, Mr. Bird was united in marriage with Miss Mar. Earle, of Milton, Rock county, Wisconsin. One child, a daughter, Anna May, was born to them, who died September 7, 1868.

BLYLER, F. F.-Teacher. Mr. B. was born in Lehigh county, Pennsylvania, April 27, 1846. When he was seven years of age his parents removed to Summit county, Ohio, where they resided until 1857, when they removed to Iowa, locating in Beaver township, Polk county, where the subject of this sketch was raised. October 10, 1862, he enlisted in the Second Iowa battery, and served until August, 1865. After the war he was engaged for some time in the grocery business in Elkhart, after which he engaged for some three years in agricultural pursuits, and teaching school of winters. In 1871 he engaged in the nursery business at Mitchellville, which he followed for some five years, Since that time he has been mostly engaged in teaching, being at the present time employed in teaching in one of the East Side schools. June 12, 1867, he was united in marriage to Miss Ruth S. Lee, daughter of Mr. Ishmael Lee, one of the oldest and most respected citizens of Beaver township. She died December 19, 1871, leaving two children: Peter and Jay. He married for his second wife Mrs. Eva Carebolt, a daughter of one of the pioneers of Elkhart township, Samuel Venaman. From this union he has two children: Freddie and Lee Forest.

BOEHLER, C. A.-Was born in Baden, Germany, August 31,1836, and was raised and educated at Waldshut. He remained there until 17 years of age, following the hotel and post-office business, and in 1853 emigrated to the United States, landing in New York, where he resided six years. He was there engaged in the hotel and restaurant business, and then went to Newark, N. J., remained there one year, and thence to New  Orleans; was there at the opening of the war, and went into the service as sutler in the One Hundred and Twenty-eighth New York volunteers under Lieutenant Colonel J. P. Foster. He participated in the battles of forts Hudson and Donelson and the Red River expedition. In 1864 he came to this city, and in 1865 engaged in his present business, saloon and billiard hall. He was married in New York City , June 12, 1859, to Miss Louisa Brutsche, a native of the same place as himself. They have five children: Louisa, Albert, Annie, Nettie, and Andrew; have lost two: Emma and Louie.

BOGUE, C. D.-Of the firm of Bogue & Wyman, proprietors of the Kirkwood House, is a native of Vermont, and was born in 1832, and was

DES MOINES.                                                                                 773

raised there with a mercantile experience. He then went to New York, and entered the employ of a large dry goods house, and remained there until 1854, when he engaged in the dry goods business in St. Albans, Vermont. At the outbreak of the war he sold out his business and enlisted in the Tenth Vermont infantry as private; was afterward commissioned second lieutenant, first lieutenant and captain. For six months he was engaged on provost duty in Maryland. He was detailed on the staff of the third division of the Third Army Corps, and retained this position until the Third Army Corps was merged into the Second, Fifth and Sixth Army Corps. He was then appointed on the staff of the third division of the Sixth Army Corps. He was wounded at Cold Harbor on the 3d of June, 1863, and at Frederick City, July 9, 1864, and laid in the officer's hospital, at Annapolis, for two months, and after recovering was sent to Portland, Maine, for light duty. For three months he was post-adjutant, and six, judge-advocate. After the surrender of Lee he was ordered back to his regiment to be mustered out, which occurred at Balies' Cross Roads in 1865 After his return from the army he came West and settled in Omaha, and after a residence of eight years in Omaha, in which he was engaged in the hotel business, he then- changed his residence to Des Moines, where he resumed the same occupation. In May, 1879, in connection with John Wyman, under the name of Bogue & Wyman, opened the Kirkwood House, and has succeeded in building an enviable reputation. He has a cordiality of manner which is truly refreshing, and his social qualities give him preeminent fitness to preside over a public house. He was united in marriage with Mrs. J. A. Ayers, whose maiden name was Lacy, in 1879. She is a native of New York.

BOWMAN, M. T. V.-General Agent of the Washington Life Insurance Company, is a native of Waterville, Maine, and was born on the 6th day of July, 1838, and resided in his native place until sixteen years of age. His early youth was spent in attending school. In 1854 he went to West Virginia, where he was for two years engaged in teaching. He then attended Granville College, now Dennison University, in Ohio, two years, and returned to Maine, and resumed the occupation of teaching, which he continued until the outbreak of the rebellion, when he enlisted in the First Maine cavalry, and was commissioned first lieutenant. He remained in the service four years, most of the time as brigade and division commissary. Returned to Augusta, Maine, and was mustered out of the United States service. He then engaged in mercantile pursuits at Charleston, Mass, and after prosecuting his business for a short time, he, in 1867, availed himself of an opportunity to engage in the hardware trade in Newton, Iowa. After conducting this a short time he was employed as a special agent of the Washington Life Insurance Company. He came to this city in 1870 as General Agent of the Brooklyn Life Insurance Company, and after holding this office eleven months he accepted the general agency of the Washington Life Insurance Company, and the success which has attended his career is an evidence of his peculiar fitness for the position. As a business man he is prompt and energetic. Upright in all his dealings he has secured the esteem with all whom he has to do. In the spring of 1880 Gov. Gear appointed him aid-de-camp on his staff, with the rank of lieutenant-colonel. He was united in marriage with Miss Josephine Webber on the first of January, 1864. She is a native of Maine, but a resident of Charleston, Mass. Their family consists of four children: Leona,

774  BIOGRAPHICAL.

De Forest, Harold M., Hermon T. They have lost three: Maud, Curtis H., Howard H.

BOWEN, B. W.-Principal of Business College, was born in van Buren, county, Iowa, October 19, 1841, and resided there until 1856, and then removed to Wapello, Louisa county. He was raised a farmer and educated ,in the common schools and at the Wesleyan University at Mt. Pleasant. He has been engaged in teaching seventeen years. He was married on the 5th day of September, 1865, to Miss Lucinda E. Ruble, a native of Burlington, Iowa. She died May 12, 1879, leaving three children: Clara E., Iris A., and Mary A. He married for his second wife Mrs. Hannah M. Hagedon, whose maiden name was Hall. She is a native of this State.

BOTKIN, A. H.-Teacher. Born October 3, 1826, in Clark county, ,Ohio, where he resided until he removed to Clinton county, same State; in 1849, where he remained until 1866, when he removed to Iowa, locating in Des Moines. During the rebellion he was a member of the Seventy-ninth Ohio, company D, enlisting the 21st of July, 1862. In the spring of 1863 he was promoted to the captaincy of company C, same regiment in which position he served until the close of the war. During the time he was in the service he participated in many hotly contested engagements. At the battle of Peach Tree Creek, the 20th of July, 1864, his company went into the engagement with 60 men, 30 of whom were either killed or wounded, his company being the color company of the regiment. He was joined in marriage to Martha A. Dillon, a native of Wilmington, Ohio, in 1849.

BOWMAN, J.-Physician and surgeon. Is a native of Maine, and was born April 10, 1849. When two years of age his parents moved to Virginia, and he was there raised and educated in the private schools, which he afterward supplemented by a classical course under Dr. Warren, in the Warren Academy, for one year. Then began the study of medicine in Illinois with his father, who went to that State in 1866. He also attended lectures at the Miami Medical College at Cincinnati, Ohio, graduating from that institution in 1872.He then engaged in his profession in Illinois until 1875, when he came to this city. His marriage was in Clay county, Ills., May 23, 1875, to Miss Annie C. Ketchum, of that State. 'They have two sons: Jasper J., and Clendaur J.

BOYD, W. F.-Was born in Darke county, Ohio, September 5, 1848, where he resided until seventeen years of age, when he removed with his parents to Iowa, and settled in Madison county. In the spring of 1866, it being the year following his arrival in Iowa, he engaged in his present business, that of photographer. His place of business was first at Winterset, where he remained about one and a half years; at the expiration of that time his services were required on the home farm, and he was compelled to temporarily abandon his chosen calling. At the end of three years he resumed his former occupation, and has followed it continually ever since. Mr. Boyd is an artist by nature, and this inherited talent has been supplemented by years of industry and careful study. His reputation at the present time is among the best in the State. He was married August 31, 1874, to Miss Sadie M. Laudenback, of Madison county, who is a native of Indiana. They have one child: a daughter, named Lulu M.

BRANDT, ISAAC-Youngest son of David Brandt and Martha nee Hamilton, was born April 7th, 1827, near Lancaster, Fairfield county, Ohio. His father was of German ancestry, and his mother of Scotch-Irish nationality. The youthful years of the subject of this sketch were devoted

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to farm labor and acquiring an education in the district school. At the age of sixteen he was apprenticed to learn the boot and shoemaking trade; he served the regular period of two years after the old rule of working for nothing. At the close of his apprenticeship, until he was twenty-one, he spent the most of his time at working at, his trade  during the summer and attending school in winter. The morning he was of age he rented a shop and began business for himself on a small scale, not having a farthing to begin with. The first day (Friday) found him in his shop, and by daylight he had it cleaned out ready for work. He soon found a job in which he made seventy-five cents; on Saturday he earned a dollar, and the next week gave him a clean profit of ten dollars. This was the commencement of his business life. He soon found that it was not good to be alone, and so he took a partner, in the person of Miss Harriet Wisely, which event was celebrated November 1, 1848. Miss Wisely was of English-Irish parentage, and was a native of the neighborhood in which her husband was born and where he lived. In May, of the following year, he emigrated with his young wife to Auburn, De Kalb county, Indiana, where he renewed his labors in the manufacture of boots and shoes. By close application and, constant work he soon built up an excellent trade, and secured all the work he could do with fair wages. In October, 1854, he was elected Sheriff; and held the office two years with credit to himself and satisfaction to his friends. In January, 1856, in company with Judge Morris, of Ft. Wayne, and T. R. Dickerson, of Waterloo, Indiana, he made a trip to Iowa, visiting Iowa City, Des Moines, and Council Bluffs, at which place Mr. Brandt made some investments that proved in after years to be very profitable. After returning to Indiana he found that the beautiful prairies of Iowa had enchanted him, and accordingly in the spring of 1858 he sold all his effects and moved with his wife and three small children to Des Moines. In the spring of 1859 he engaged in merchandising, which he continued until the fall of 1865, when he closed out his stock and engaged in the real estate business. During the rebellion he was an active worker for the support and encouragement of the men in the field, and contributed liberally to all needed funds for the successful prosecution of the war. Has always been an active advocate of temperance, and can say what can be said by but few, that he never tasted a drop of alcoholic drinks, wine, or beer, and this is an experience of fifty-three years. In the fall of 1862 he was elected G. W. C. T. of I. O. G. T.; re-elected in 1863, and again in 1870, and in the fall of 1871, and again in 1879, making five full terms in the chief office of the order. He devotes his entire moral powers to the cause of temperance, which costs him from $100 to $300 a year, without counting his time. As a politician he is a staunch Republican. In 1867 he was appointed as Deputy State Treasurer. In the
fall of 1873 Mr. Brandt was elected a member of the Fifteenth General Assembly of Iowa. He was made chairman of the Committee on Ways and Means; also of the Committee on Cities and Towns. With his usual good management he succeeded in getting several important measures through the House that were of great importance to the State and the larger cities within the State. In the spring of 1877 he was elected a member of the city council of Des .Moines, and by his fellow councilmen chosen mayor, pro tem. In the spring 6f 1880 he was selected as the Republican candidate for the office of mayor of Des Moines, but owing to a sectional division of the city he was defeated by a small majority. His family circle are: Amos W., Alice J. (now Mrs. J. B.

776  BIOGRAPHICAL.

Taylor, Olive C., George W., and Willie R. Lost one, Josiah. His oldest child is thirty years of age, and none of his children have ever taken a cup of tea or coffee; neither have they tasted any alcoholic drink.

BRAZLETON, JOHN-Born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, November 21, 1836, where he was raised to manhood. He served during the war of the rebellion in the First Wisconsin infantry, company J, enlisting under the first call of President Lincoln for three-months men, serving out his term, and re-enlisting in the same company and regiment the 1st of October, 1861, serving three years, when he was honorably discharged. He remained out of the service but a few days, when he again enlisted in the same regiment, and served until the close of the rebellion. He participated in all the battles in which the western army was engaged, being with Sherman in his march to the sea. During the entire time he was in the service he never lost a day from duty, and was but once slightly wounded.. He came to Des Moines in 1872, and for some eighteen months was engaged in railroading, after which he engaged in hotel keeping on the East Side, which business he followed for some two years, after which he was in the employ of Watt & Cochrane for some two years. In 1878 he was elected member of the city council from the Seventh ward, being elected as a Republican from a Democratic ward over a very popular competitor. He was united in marriage in the fall of 1865 to Miss Mary Hafer. They have three children: William, Milton, and Edna Pearl.

BRISTOW, P. H.-Deputy Auditor, was born in Henry county, Iowa, on the 8th day of June, 1846, and while young removed to Lee county, and was raised a farmer, at the same time receiving the benefits of a good common school education, and for several years was engaged in teaching. He came to this county in 1871, and for two years was connected with the State Republican, and between three and four years was Deputy United States Collector. He also held the position of superintendent of the Des Moines Exposition Company, and June 1, 1878, entered the Auditor's office as deputy. He is also a member of the board of education and a member of the board of trustees of Des Moines University: In 1873 he was united in marriage with Miss Anna Rouse, a native of Indianapolis,. Indiana. To them three children have been born: Harry L., Bertha, and Sherman P.

BRISTOW, G. W.-County Auditor, was born in Washington county, Iowa, September 8, 1841, and was raised principally in Lee county. He was raised a farmer and followed it as an occupation until the outbreak of the rebellion and then enlisted in the First Iowa infantry under the first call, and after serving four months, enlisted in the First Engineer regiment of the West, served three years and three months and then re-enlisted in the Ninth U. S., Hancock Veteran Volunteers. He then went to St. Louis and became the clerk of the city assessor, and, in 1867, came to this county and engaged in teaching and for some years was engaged in the County Treasurer's office, first as clerk and afterward as deputy. In 1877 he was elected Auditor and re-elected in 1879. He was united in marriage with Miss. Eliza R. Claflin, in 1866. She was born in Keosauqua, Van- Buren county. By this union they have three children: Walter, Percy and Erma.

BROOKS, MRS. T. K.-Widow of the late Dr. Brooks, who was born in Montpelier, Vermont, May 4, 1811. As his father was a farmer, his early days were spent on a farm. When about twenty-one years. of age he went to New Lisbon, Ohio, and there studied medicine with

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Dr. McCook and graduated at Philadelphia. About the year 1839 be went to Terre Haute, Indiana, and there commenced the practice of his profession, and on the 2nd of November, 1843, he was married to Miss Phebe, daughter of James and Elizabeth Barnes. They continued to live there until September, 1845, when they came to this city. Mrs. Brooks is the oldest settler now living in the city. For five years after coming Dr. Brooks continued the practice of his profession, but at the same time was engaged in farming, this being the principal object in coming here, but as there was but one physician here, and he at the Fort, he was compelled to give up farming and devote himself to his chosen calling. He died in this city, February 28, 1868, aged fifty-seven years. Left two sons: James F., now living in this city, who was educated at the university of Ann Arbor; and Lorenzo Las Cases, who graduated at West Point in June, 1879, and is now second lieutenant of company A, Fifth cavalry, regular army, and is located at Fort Laramie, Wyoming Territory.

BROWN, T. E.-Was born in Chenango county, New York, on the 4th day of October, 1830, and resided in his native place until sixteen years of age and spent his early life on a farm. From New York he went to Pennsylvania, and after a residence there of two years returned to New York State and studied law in Elmira and in 1854 was admitted to the bar. The same year he came to this county and has been prominent as one of its most active and enterprising citizens. His good judgment and confidence in regard to the future of Des Moines is evinced by his investments in real estate, his addition to the city, and his efforts in laying out a park; and the expenditures in making it an attractive place of resort, should meet the hearty approval and have the sympathy of every citizen of Des Moines. He was married to Miss Anna L. Marsh, in September, 1856. She is a native of Ithaca, New York. Their family consists of four children: Frank T., Carrie L., Tallmedge and Ralph M.

BROWNE, JOHN-Is a native of Wales and was born on the 8th day of May, 1815, and lived there until seventeen years of age and then went to Liverpool, where he was educated with a mercantile experience. In 1840 he emigrated to the United States and settled in Brooklyn, New York, and from this place removed to Whitestown, Oneida county, New York, and became connected with the New York Mills, and, after remaining with this company for about eight years, engaged in the insurance business in Utica. In 1854 he made arrangements with the Des Moines Navigation and Railroad Company to take charge of their business in this State, and since 1867 has had entire control. His life has been one of ceaseless activity, and remarkable for energy and courage.  He is a man of good sound understanding and large practical experience, and his career for the past twenty-five years is sufficient evidence of a successful manager. Mr. Browne has been thrice married-first, in 1834, to Miss Jane Swall, a native of England, who died in 1856, leaving seven children: Mary S. (now Mrs. Parmelee), John, H., Edwin, Hamilton, Cornelia (now Mrs. Carpenter), George and Carrie (now Mrs. Chambers). He married for his second wife, Miss S. M. Scott, a native of Vermont. His third wife was Miss Fannie Scott, a sister of his first wife.

BROWN, LEVI J.-Attorney, is a native of Portage county, Ohio, and was born on the 18th day of May1838. His early life was spent on a farm. He had the advantages of a common school education, supplemented by.

778 BIOGRAPHICAL.

attendance at Hiram College. In 1860 he entered the State University of Michigan, at Ann Arbor, and was graduated from the literary and law department. In 1865 his inclination as well as good judgment led him to settle in this city, where he was for a time associated with Judge Mitchell. In 1867 he formed a partnership with C. A. Dudley, and they are the oldest legal firm in the city. Impelled by worthy ambition, he has made his way in the world and has achieved an enviable position in the profession. He was united in marriage with Miss Lizzie Block, 1870. She is a native of Cleveland, Ohio.

BRUNSDON, J.-Wholesale dealer in cigars and tobacco, was born in Gloucestershire, England, on the 10th day of February, 1852, and resided there until 1870. In early life he was apprenticed to the grocery business, and followed it as an avocation until coming to America, in 1870. He settled first in Hamilton, Canada, and after a residence there of two years came to Des Moines and engaged in his present business, in which he has been satisfactorily successful.

BRYAN, J. A.-Chief of Police; born October 8, 1841, in Greene county, Ohio. When he was seven years of age his parents removed to Madison county, Iowa, where he resided some fifteen years, during which time he commenced to learn the trade of carpenter, finishing the same in Des Moines, having taken up his residence here in 1862. From that time, until 1872 he was engaged in working at his trade. That year he was appointed on the police force, serving one year as policeman. The year following he was appointed, deputy marshal under Adam Hafner, serving in that position for two years, after which he served two years as policeman. In 1878 he was elected city marshal, which position be held until March, 1880, having been elected by a majority of over 600 votes over a very popular competitor. March, 1880, he was appointed by the mayor to his present position. He was united in marriage to Miss Margaret J. Tumbleson, a resident of Winterset, December 18, 1861. They have buried two children: Ida May and Cora.

BUTTKEREIT, C. G.-Merchant tailor. He was born in Prussia on the 3d day of May, 1826, and in his early boyhood was raised on a farm, and received his education in the schools of his native country. He began his trade when about eighteen years of age, and in 1851 came to America, stopping first in New York City about two years, and from there to Litchfield, Conn. In 1855 he came to Tama county, this State, and from there to this city in 1874, and engaged in his present occupation. Mr. Buttkereit from his boyhood up has been of an ingenious disposition, and is the inventor of the "bell piano," an instrument similar to the piano forte, except that the tones are produced by bells. He spent about fifteen years in the study and completion of this invention, and it is his object to make it more perfect in the future. The amount he has expended on the one he now has is about $3,300. He feels that he can no doubt yet add to the musical world an instrument of true merit, and one that will far exceed anything yet invented in beauty and quality of tone. His marriage was in Connecticut; in 1854, to Miss Roxanna Addis, of that State. By this marriage they have one daughter, Alice, who possesses many rare qualifications as a musician on the violin, piano and organ. She began the study of music  when only seven years of age, and since that time has devoted about five hours each day to practice. Her instruction was under the well-know Professor Proctor.

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BUSH, F. P.-Was born in Cleveland, Ohio, October 28, 1848. When a child his parents removed to New Haven, Connecticut, the place of their birth. His mother's maiden name was Charlotte W. Kimberly, a descendant of the Kimberly who came to New Haven in 1638. His father's ancestors came from England in 1812. Young Bush passed his youth in .New Haven, where he was educated. In 1868 he entered the employ of  a dry goods firm as salesman, where he remained until 1877. From New Haven he removed to Iowa, locating in Des Moines. Two years he was engaged as traveling agent for Tone Brothers. In September, 1879, he bought a half interest in connection with W. H. Langan in the confectionery establishment with which he is now identified. The house with which he is connected was established during the year 1871. The firm is known by the name of Chapin, Merritt & Co. They are not only enterprising and active men, who constantly study the demands of their trade and the wants of their customers, but in addition to this they are ingenious ,and skillful confectioners, being practical manufacturers of a superior line of goods. Their confectionery is manufactured from the best quality, of pure sugar, and the popularity of their goods, which is generally acknowledged throughout a large region of country, has resulted in a trade fully justifying the metropolitan pretensions of the house. To this firm is the city indebted for the successful operation of at least one manufacturing establishment, and to the prosperity of its manufacturing interests must the city look for future and permanent growth.

BUSH, D.-Among the old' settlers of Polk county may be mentioned the subject of this sketch, who was born in Pennsylvania in March, 1799, and lived in his native place until ten years of age, and then removed to Licking county, Ohio, where he learned the tanning business, and followed it until he came to Polk county in 1847, and continued the same business; and his was the first tannery in this county. Since coming to the county he has spent six and one-half years in California; he married Miss Elizabeth Mone on the tenth day of February, 1824; she was born in Ohio. They have two children, Leonidas H. and Horace M.

BUSHNELL, JOSEPH P.-The subject of this sketch was born in Jefferson, Ashtabula county, Ohio, October 11, 1845. His father was a lawyer by profession, and was associated in practice with Benjamin F. Wade and Joshua R. Giddings. His mother was born in Hartford, Ohio. When he was only two years old his father died. His mother returned with her only child to Hartford, where they remained four years. At the end of that time his mother married Mr. W. T. Crouse, of Youngstown, Ohio, and resided there about two years, when his parents removed to Freeport, Illinois. In 1853 the family came to Iowa City and settled on a farm. He entered the State University and remained two years, when, the war for the Union having broken out, he enlisted in company D, Forty-fourth Iowa volunteer infantry. After the war closed he returned, entered the University, remaining two years, when he found it necessary, on account of failing health, to engage in some out door pursuit, and accordingly traveled for some time for a commercial house in Chicago. In the spring of 1867 he engaged in the hotel business in Council Bluffs, where his parents removed the same year. Two years later he entered into the newspaper and general publishing business, to which he h as since devoted all his time. October 11th, 1871, Mr. Bushnell was married to Miss Agnes O. Tubbs, daughter ,of  Dr. O. A. Tubbs, of Council Bluffs, now a resident of Des Moines. They

780 BIOGRAPHICAL.

have two children: Charles J. and Grace A. Mr. Bushnell removed to Des Moines, his present home, in 1870, and commenced the publication of the Des Moines City Directory, which he has published since that time. He has also published the history of a number of counties in Iowa during the past ten. years, and during the past five years has published the Iowa Commercial Gazette. This has recently been consolidated with the Iowa Homestead, the largest and oldest agricultural newspaper in Iowa, having been published in Des Moines nearly twenty-five years. This consolidation makes the Homestead a stronger and better paper than it has been, even under the former efficient management. Mr. Bushnell will still publish his Des Moines City and Polk county directories. He has also a work in press entitled "A Business and Household Manual," which, from its contents, we judge will become a popular work in every business house and household in the land. Mr. Bushnell is zealous in behalf of Des Moines, and is doing all he can by personal effort and through the press to aid in building up the city, believing that "Des Moines will not only remain the metropolis of Iowa, but in the near future will be the great railroad and commercial center of the northwest." From his youth Mr. Bushnell has ever been an active advocate of temperance. In religion he is a Methodist and in politics a Republican. He has that disposition and temperament which renders him, amiable, social, honorable,. and humane, qualities which insure the respect and good will of all his friends and neighbors. He is sympathetic and benevolent, and conscientious in his intercourse with men. As a citizen he is honored by all who know him as an honest and trustworthy member of society.

BUTLER, H. S.-General agent for the McCormick Harvesting Machine Company. The subject of this sketch owes his nativity to Oneida county, New York, where he was born on the seventeenth of  December, 1840. When ten years of age he accompanied his parents to Whiteside county, Illinois, where he resided for four years. After living in various places for a number of years he finally came to Polk county, in the fall of 1868. During his early manhood he followed farming, and while living in Wisconsin was engaged as engineer on a steamboat, running on the Fox river. While in Chicago he kept books for a prominent firm, and for the last thirteen years has been engaged in the agricultural implement business, at which he has. been very successful. He was married on the twentieth of March, 1871, to Miss Aurilla Everett, a native of Kalamazoo, Michigan. They have had four children, of whom only two are now living: Maud and an infant; lost two: Robert and Bessie. Mr. Butler is marked as a man of broad views,. firm adherence to avowed principles, quick perception and sound judgment,. which, combined with excellent business tact, has given him an influence and success well worthy of emulation.

CADY, T. H.-Dealer in lime, cement, etc., was born in Indiana, Jan.. 28, 1838; when about one year of age his parents came to this State, first locating at Burlington. One year later he removed to Henry county, and a short time after his mother died. He lived there about four years when he and his father returned to Burlington. His father died in that city. Before his death our subject was bound out to one Alex McDonald, and remained about twelve years. His educational advantages were limited, and what he now has, which is of no mean order, he has gained by his own exertions. In 1859 he came to this county and located in Des Moines. December 31, 1857, he was married to Miss Margaret S. Roberts, a native

DES MOINES. 781

of Indiana. They have two sons and four daughters: Edith B., Allie J., .John D., Edward, Minnie and Myrtle living, and Wm. F. deceased. Mr. Cady has been engaged in his present business for twelve years and has been very successful. His success can only be attributed to hard work and fair dealing in trade.

CAMPBELL, DR. JAMES-One of the pioneer settlers of Polk county, was born in Gallia county, Ohio, on the eleventh day of June, 1815. He was raised a farmer and desiring to avail himself of the opportunities offered in the then Far West, he ,journeyed, on horseback, and so thinly settled was the country through which he came that in traveling west from Terra Haute, Indiana, he only saw one house in a day's ride, and from Virginia, in Louisa county to Mt. Pleasant, in Henry county, there was not a house. In 1839 he settled in Van Buren county, and in March, 1846, came to this county and purchased a stock of sutler's goods and opened out in the old guard-house, near where Third and Vine streets now are, and thus he became one of the first if not the first merchant in the town. He held the office of treasurer and recorder, and has seen the city grow from soldiers' barracks to the largest city in the State. He has been twice married; first to Miss Calista Hill on the eighth day of July, 1841; she was a native of Ohio, and died on the eighth day of June, 1858. On the twenty-second day of July, 1863, he married Barbary Keltz, a native of Zanesville, Ohio. He has five children: Milton, Emaline (now Mrs. Hathaway of California), John, Sarah (now Mrs. Bird), and Albert.

CAMP, J. M.-Blacksmith and wagon maker, was born July 7, 1847, in Knox county, Ohio, and there was raised until fifteen years of age, when with his parents he removed. to Monmouth, Illinois. He remained in that place until 1866, when, on leaving there, he came to Iowa locating at Sigourney, Keokuk  county, and there resided until 1876. Then took up his residence in Des Moines, and since that time has followed his chosen calling. During the war Mr. Camp was in the employ of the government, part of the time working at his trade. He was marred in 1868 to Mary McClenahan, a native of Illinois. They have four children: Franklin J., Ida, William and Lillie. His father was a member of the Twenty-second Iowa infantry during the war, and died at Vicksburg, July 22, 1863. His mother died at Atlantic, this State, February 18, 1873.

CARTER, DR. E. H.-Physician and surgeon.  One of the prominent physicians and most successful practitioners of this city is the subject of this sketch. He was born in Prince Williams county, Virginia, on the 9th day of July, 1836, and resided in his native place until 1849, and then removed to New London, Iowa. His early life was that of a farmer boy, and his time was divided between farm duties and attending school. In 1848 he first came to this county, and for a time was engaged in teaching. After deciding to make the practice of medicine his life calling, he entered the office of Dr. Win. Mowlesworth as preceptor, in 1861. He attended lectures at Cincinnati, Ohio, and was graduated in 1865. In 1869 he spent the winter in New York, attending the New York Medical University. He was married January 21, 1865, to Miss Amanda Richmond, a native of Ohio. They have one child, Edwin R.

CARSON, GEO. D.-Proprietor of meat market. Was born in Buffalo, New York, September 15,  1849, and in 1867 came to this city. He bas been engaged in business, for ten years, and is the oldest butcher on the East Side. His mother died when he was four years old, and a few

782  BIOGRAPHICAL.

years afterward he went upon the lakes. He was married January 1, 1870, to Miss Nellie Porter, a native of Ohio, born near Marietta. They are the, parents of one son and daughter: Georgietta and Fred. D.

CARSON, W. C.-Proprietor meat market. Was born near Buffalo, New York, September 3, 1841, and made that place his home until 1870. When about fourteen years old he went upon the lakes for a living, which he continued more or less until 1870, when became to this city and engaged in his present business on the East Side. He was married in Buffalo, New York, to Miss Catharine Ebersold. They have a family of four sons and one daughter: William, John, George, Frank and Maud.

CASADY, P. M.-Many of the early settlers of Fort Des Moines have been eminently successful. They were men of intellectual, moral, and physical stamina, industrious, energetic, and shrewd, and early laid a good foundation, and have built slowly, yet surely and safely. Among these is P. M. Casady. He was born near Connersville, Indiana, on the 3d day of December, 1818, where he received his early education at the seminary of that place. He was raised on a farm, and finding the routine of farm duties unsuited to his taste, early resolved to devote his life to some other occupation. Finding in the law a wide field for the employment and cultivation of his best powers, he decided to fit himself for that profession, and` was admitted to the bar February 16, 1841. In 1842 he was appointed Deputy Clerk of the Circuit Court of Rush county, Indiana, and held that office until he decided to remove to Iowa, in May, 1846. He arrived at Fort Des Moines on the 11th of June of that year, and commenced the practice of law in this and adjoining counties, and was appointed postmaster by Cave Johnson, Postmaster-General, under the Polk administration, and resigned December 31, 1848. The same year he formed a partnership. with R. L. Tidrick, under the firm name of Casady & Tidrick, which existed until 1853. April 5th,1847, he was appointed School Fund Commissioner for Polk county, and resigned the office in eight or nine months. In August, 1848, he was elected State Senator for the district composed of` the counties of Marion, Polk, Jasper, Dallas, and all the counties to the Missouri River, west, and to the State line on the north, and served two regular sessions, the Second and Third General Assembly of the State Legislature. He was elected Judge of the Fifth judicial district, and received the commission, was sworn into office, but immediately resigned the office, and accepted the appointment of President Pierce of Receiver of Public Moneys for lands, subject to sale in this district, and, continued in this office until his resignation was accepted in the spring of 1857. He then formed a partnership with Gen. M. M. Crocker, and in 1859 J. S. Polk was taken into the firm, under the firm name of Casady, Crocker & Polk, which. continued until 1861, when Gen. Crocker retired to enlist in the service of his country. In 1864 Judge Casady retired from the practice of law and. devoted his attention to his private business. In July, 1875, he organized the Des Moines Bank, of which he is president. Mr. Casady was married June 27, 1848, to Miss Augusta Grimmel, a native of Ohio. By this union they have three children: Simon, Frank.and Rose (now Mrs. Henry).

CASADY, SIMON-Cashier of the Des Moines Bank. . Is the son of P.M. and Augusta Casady, both of whom since 1846 have been residents of Des Moines. He was born on the 16th day of June, 1852. He commenced his banking experience in the National State Bank. In July, 1875, the

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Des Moines Bank was organized, and he was placed in charge as cashier, and has proved himself a courteous and safe financier for one so young in years. He was married Jane 1, 1880, to Miss S. C. Griffiths, daughter of J. M. Griffiths, also an early settler of Des Moines; and the subject of this sketch and his wife are the first couple married who were born and raised in this city.

CATE, LESTER-Of the firm of Cate & Graham, transfer men. Was born May 3, 1830, and is a native of Sussexshire, England. He was raised on a farm, and when about twenty-two years of age went to London, and for five years was employed on the police force. About twenty-three years ago be came to this State and located in this city, and has been engaged in his preset business about eighteen years. He is the oldest one of his line in the city. He owns a fine farm in Walnut township, consisting of ninety-four acres. His marriage was in London, in August, 1855, to. Miss Amelia Merrill. She died, leaving one son: Stephen E. His second marriage was on the 1st of January, 1863, to Miss M. A. King, a native of England. They have three daughters and one son: Jennie, William, Carrie, and Annie.

CALLANAN, JAMES-Capitalist and dealer in real estate, is a native. of Albany county, New York, and was born on the 20th day of October, 1820. After a thorough preliminary education, he was admitted to the practice of law in 1847, and soon thereafter commenced the practice of his profession in Albany, New York, where he acquired a large and lucrative business. In 1857 he formed a co-partnership with S. V Ingham, and started the banking house of Callanan & Ingham, at Des Moines, Iowa, in which he had invested largely, Mr. Ingham being the resident manager. In 1861 this firm was dissolved, and the large investments made by Mr. Callanan and the large amount of real estate coming into his hands by reason of this change rendered it necessary for him to remove to Des Moines, in 1863, to personally supervise his interests. Since residing in Des Moines he has always taken an active and lively interest in its welfare, and has been identified with its leading business enterprises. To his individual effort and liberal donation is the foundation of Callanan College indebted. He married Miss Martha C. Coonley, of Albany county, New York, a lady whose graces of mind and person and whose active benevolence and kindly sympathies have endeared her to all who enjoy her acquaintance.

CHAMBERLAIN, A. P.-Of the firm of Chamberlain & Harvison, attorneys at law. Was born in Scioto, county, Ohio, Dec.11,1852, and when five years of age he came with his parents to Iowa, locating in Story county. He was raised on a farm, enjoyed good educational advantages, and graduated from the Agricultural College at Ames. He attended the law school in this city, and was admitted to practice in 1876. He has been very successful and now enjoys a good practice. The present partnership was formed June 1, 1878. Mr. Chamberlain is also closely identified with the coal interests of this section of the country.

CHRIST, GEORGE-Was born June 26, 1839, in Delaware county,. Ohio, where he resided until 1854, when his parents removed to Clayton. county, Iowa, and there remained until 1864, when he came to Des Moines. During the war of the rebellion he offered his services to his country three different times, and was as often rejected, on account of disabilities. A portion of the time since residing in Des Moines he has been in the mercantile business. In 1871 he was appointed mail agent on the C., R. I. &

784  BIOGRAPHICAL.

P. R. R., and held the position four years, running from Davenport to Council Bluffs, and two years from Omaha to Chicago. In April, 1876, he was appointed by the city council as marshal to fill out the unexpired term caused by the death of Mr. John Davis, and in March following, was elected to the same position, serving until March, 1878. In June, 1880; he was appointed mail agent on the road from Des Moines to Albia. Mr. C. has always taken an active part in politics, being a hard worker, and always being in demand in a political fight. At the Congressional convention held at Chariton, in June, 1880, he was elected unanimously as chairman of the Republican Congressional committee, a position admirably adapted to him. He was united in marriage in 1860, to Miss Mary C. Forney. They have six children: Amy, Lizzie, Charles E., Mary G., George, and Katie.

CHRISTY, WM.-Contractor and builder. Born October 16, 1832, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and there learned the trade of a carpenter. He resided in that city until 1857, when he came to Iowa and located in East Des Moines. Since residing in the city he has been largely engaged in contracting and building, having done probably more in that line than any other mechanic now a resident of the city. During the war he served as a member of the Twenty-third Iowa infantry, company C, enlisting in September, 1862, and serving until September, 1865, participating in all the battles in which his regiment was engaged. The fall of 1874 he was elected a member of the Board of Supervisors for Lee township, serving one term, and being re-elected in the fall of 1877 to a second. He was united in marriage in 1856 to Miss May Deal. also a native of Philadelphia.

CHRISTY, W. D.-City Clerk. Was born in New Lisbon, Ohio, on the 23d. day of May, 1841, and when two years of age was taken by his parents to Brownsville, Pennsylvania, where he lived until 1856. He came to Iowa in 1856, and until the outbreak of the war he was attending school. He enlisted under the first call for 75,000, in the Second Iowa infantry, and served until July, 1865. He took part in the battle of Fort Donelson, where the Second Iowa, for gallant services, achieved such a reputation. He acted as Quartermaster-Sergeant, and since he was mustered out has held the position of chief clerk of the insurance department of the State Insurance Company. He was elected to his present office in the spring of 1880: He married Miss Elizabeth Lunnon in 1870. She was a native of Maryland, and died April 25, 1879, leaving three children: Fred, John,
acid Lillian.

CHRISTY, A.-Mail-carrier. Was born in Philadelphia, July 31,1831, and resided there until 1856, when he came here. He is a carpenter and builder by trade. Was married in Philadelphia, in October, 1852, to Miss Martha A. Crawshaw, a native of that city. They have a family of three sons: James, George L., and Frank P. Lost six sons.  Mr. Christy has been longer engaged in this business than any one in the city.

CLAPP, ED. R.-Among the daring and enterprising pioneers who were borne westward on the advanced wave of civilization were two brothers, by the name of Clapp. W. W. Clapp was one of the most energetic business men in the early history of the county. He afterward removed to California, where he died. The subject of this sketch, E. R. Clapp, though yet a comparatively young man is still actively engaged in the business affairs of the city he assisted in founding. He was born in Madison county, New York, May 30, 1827. He afterward, while yet a youth,

DES MOINES.                                                                                  785

removed to Ohio, and when ten years of age located in Keokuk county, of this State, and, in 1846, again removed to Polk county, Iowa. Thus far Mr. Clapp was chiefly engaged in the occupation of farming and stock  raising and as such was successful in accumulating considerable property. Possessed of more than an average amount of business foresight and sagacity, he readily perceived, at an early time, that Des Moines was destined to become the leading business center of the State. He laid his plans accordingly and at the present time he is the owner of one of the best business locations and one of the most prominent business buildings in the capital city. In 1867 Mr. Clapp was appointed stock agent of the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Railroad, which position he still occupies, he having discharged the difficult duties of that office for a period of thirteen years. He is one of the most trusted employees of the railroad and is a universal favorite among the stock men and shippers of the State. He was married in 1849 to Miss Emily J. Baughton, a native of New York; she died in 1869. By this marriage there are three children living: Ella (now Mrs. White), Ida (now Mrs. Smith), and John W. His second marriage occurred in 1871 to Mrs. S. A. Mills, a native of Rush county, Indiana. By this union they have one daughter: Bertha. Mrs. C. has two children by former marriage: Pleasant Jacob and Minnie (now Mrs. Harry Elliott).

CLARK, CAPT. J. S.-Of the firm of Clark & Connor, attorneys. Is a native of Johnson county, Indiana, and was born in October, 1841, and resided in his native place until fifteen years of age, when be then removed to Warren county, Iowa. He was there engaged in agricultural pursuits and acquiring an education until the outbreak of the rebellion. He enlisted first in the First Iowa and afterward in the Thirty-fourth Iowa, and after passing the various grades of promotion from private, he was mustered out as captain. Deciding to study law he attended the State University at Iowa City, and graduated from the law department of that institution. In 1874 he formed a business connection with Wm. Connor, the present State Attorney for this district. He was married to Miss Laura C. Hutchinson, of Iowa City, November 30, 1870. She died in September, 1871. He married for his second wife Miss Fannie M. Page. They have one daughter: Laura Osgood.

CLARK, CHARLES J.-Of the firm of Geo. C. Baker & Co., hardware dealers, and manufacturers and jobbers of tinware. Was born in Onondaga county, New York, November 15, 1835, where he lived until 1852. He received all the advantages of a common school education, supplemented by two years of academic study. In 1852 he came west with his parents, and located in McHenry county, Ills., and four years later removed to Fountain county, Ind., where he continued to reside until 1859. He then came to Polk county. In September, 1860, he was married to Miss Calista Kellison, a native of Indiana. Their family consists of three sons and one daughter: John F., Charles J., George Ward, and Clara L. On the breaking out of the  rebellion Mr. Clark entered the service as first lieutenant of company A, Tenth Iowa infantry, in August, 1861, and was with that regiment until January, 1862, when he was obliged to resign on account of ill health. Soon afterward, having regained his health, he recruited a company for the Twenty-third Iowa infantry, in August, 1862, and was elected their captain. The following December he was promoted major, and lieutenant-colonel in June, 1863, and remained with the regiment in that capacity until the close of the war. He participated in the following bat-

786  BIOGRAPHICAL.

tles: Port Gibson, Champion's Hill, Black River Bridge, Milliken's Bend, siege of Vicksburg, Fort Esperanza, Texas, and siege of Mobile. Such is the brief outline of the life of one whose career has been marked by enterprise, energy, pure motives and honest effort. He has made himself what he is, a worthy type of independent manhood.

CLARK, AUSTIN-Proprietor of livery stable. Was born in Oneida. county, New York, October 16, 1839, and in 1859 came to this State, settling in Adair county, where he resided for two years, and then, moved on the farm known as the Frank Allen farm, where he remained for seven years. After that he removed upon the land lying near the South 'Coon: river; has been engaged in the livery business since April, 1877; owns a farm of 96 acres. He was married in Polk county to Miss Jennie Goodhue, a native of Massachusetts. They have one son and two daughters: Alice, Hallett and Mabel.

CLARKE, R. W.-Justice of the Peace. Was born in Westmoreland county, Pa., February 5, 1816, and when about 17 years of age, he went to Blairsville, Indiana county, to attend school. About two years later his parents moved to that place. He is a civil engineer by profession, having followed the same in Pennsylvania for 21 years. In 1855 he came to Iowa, locating in this place. In 1868 he helped to locate the C., R. I. & P. R. R. for 100 miles this side of Council Bluffs, and since that time he has been identified with a number of surveys in this place. In the fall of 1878 he was elected justice of' the peace, which office he now holds. He was married in Erie, Pa., December 9, 1840 to Miss Caroline King, a native of that place. They have three sons and three daughters: Mary A., James P., Jane M., Thomas K., R. W. and Sarah. Mr. Clark was a  member of the city council in 1867.

CLARKSON, HON. COKER F.-The agricultural editor of The Iowa State Register. Father Clarkson was born in the grand old State of Maine, in the year 1810. In the year 1819 his father made a visit to Indiana in search of a home in the then Far West, and in the year following moved his family. The subject of this sketch, then but ten years of age, drove the team all the way through the vast wilderness that then intervened between the old and new home, and remained upon his father's farm until his seventeenth year, when he entered the printing office of the Lawrenceburg Statesman as an apprentice, and before he reached his twentieth year lead the management of the office, as the proprietor had been elected to an office demanding the greater portion of his time. At the end of four years he purchased the paper, and soon afterward started the Brookville American, and continued the publication of the same until 1854. During this time and the year following he was more or less engaged in the building of railroads. In 1855 he removed to the then new but growing State of Iowa, and located in Grundy county. He selected a choice location, and from the wilds of the prairie succeeded in making the now famous "Melrose farm," and by the faithful co-operation of his sons, the exercise of sound judgment, the intelligent adaptation of means to ends, amassed considerable fortune. He was elected to the Iowa Senate from the 39th district in 1863, and served the State faithfully and well. Has been connected with the Iowa State Register since 1870-the first eighteen months as one of the: proprietors, and since that time principally as the editor of the agricultural department, for which position he is peculiarly adapted, on account of his thorough knowledge of all the practical, branches of agriculture, and is pre-

DES MOINES. 787

eminently the peer of all the agricultural writers of the West. He removed to Des Moines in 1878, and has since been identified with all the great movements for the public interests  in general, and the conduct of his department of the Register, especially. He was married in 1832 to Miss  Elizabeth Gowdy, a native of Uniontown, Fayette county, Pennsylvania, who died in 1848, leaving four children: Mrs. Pemela Coe, of Ft. Atkinson, Mrs. Frank E. Macey, of Marshalltown, Richard P. and Jas. S., of the Iowa State Register. In 1849 he married Miss Elizabeth Coldscott, of Brookville, Indiana. Mr. Clarkson is a man of positive character, and when his opinions are once formed they remain. He is a warm friend and a most vigorous opponent. His social qualities are admirable and his moral character is irreproachable.

CLARKSON, RICHARD P.-Or "Dick," as he is familiarly and better known, was born in Brookville, Indiana,  April 16, 1840. He was literally raised in the printing office of his father. He came to Iowa with his  father in 1855 and remained with him in the arduous work of taming a wild prairie until 1861, when he came to Des Moines and entered the office of  the State Register as a compositor. October 8, 1861, he enlisted as a private in company A, Twelfth Iowa infantry. He was captured at the battle of Shiloh, April 6, 1862, and for seven months received the murderous hospitality of rebel prison pens, when he was exchanged and returned to his, regiment and served through his term with a valor and heroism which fairly entitled him to shoulder-straps. When mustered out of the service her returned to Grundy county and engaged in agriculture until 1870, when he became connected with the Register, and at once assumed the position of business manager, devoting his time so assiduously to his post, from eleven o'clock in the morning until midnight, as to become especially noticeable. He is emphatically a man who "minds his own business." At a recent reunion of the Twelfth regiment he was present, which was the only time he has been absent from his desk for nearly nine years. He is cautious, firm in purpose, honorable and strictly methodical in all his transactions. To his excellent business qualifications is the establishment largely due for its remarkable financial success. He is reserved in manner, of few words, yet has in reserve those, qualities of mind which enable him to write well on any topic he may select. He is popular with those who know him best. Like his father, he is a firm friend and a disagreeable enemy. He is generous where generosity is deserving. In business circles he stands high for his unswerving integrity and stability. Though not a boisterous politician, he began political life at a very early date in a boisterous manner. In the summer of 1840 his mother was selected to present a flag to the Harrison Guards, of Brookville and make the presentation speech. That was in the log cabin campaign of Old Tippecanoe. Dick was in swaddling clothes, and, when the hour came for the presentation, he was turned over to the tender care of a friend. Dick set up a rebellion instanter, pugnis et calcibus, and made more noise than all the people on the ground, whereupon his mother took him, and, holding him on one arm, delivered her address and presented the flag, like the Spartan mother she was. He was married in September, 1866 to Miss Aggie Green, a native of Illinois. They have four children: Elizabeth, John, Frank and Bertha.

CLARKSON, JAMES S.- Mr. Clarkson, or "Ret," as he is better known to nearly every one acquainted with him, was born at Brookville, Indiana, May 17, 1842, and was a graduate from the printing office of his

788 BIOGRAPHICAL.

father, beginning his trade when so young that a pile of boxes were necessary to raise him to a level with the "space box." He came to Iowa with his father and worked on the farm in Grundy county until the tocsin of war sounded, when he offered his services, with his brother, to the Union army, but was rejected for physical disability, from over work in a steam saw mill the prior winter. He continued his labor on the farm, and while his father was a member of the State Senate was the sole manager thereof. His natural inclinations were averse to agricultural life and toward journalism. He thought he saw a good investment in the Eldora Ledger, and consulted his father about it. His father squelched his ambitions dream with the remark that if he had no higher aspiration than that he had better stick to the farm and wait for a better opportunity. He came to Des Moines in May 18, 1866, and took a "case" on the Register. Six weeks after he was promoted to assistant foreman of the composing room, and three months after to the foremanship. About this time J. M. Dixon, who was the city editor of the Register, retired. Mr. Palmer, the editor, started east to find a successor to Mr. Dixon, leaving the paper in charge of Col. J. N. Dewey, and "Ret" as his assistant. While en route Mr. Palmer found a copy of his paper, and scanning its local page, was satisfied, returned home, and "Ret" was retained as assistant editor, which position he occupied until Palmer was nominated for Congress, when "Ret" became sole editor. When visiting his father in 1869 he suggested to him the purchase of the Register establishment. The suggestion was promptly acted upon. The purchase was made for thirty-thousand dollars cash, and the establishment passed into the hands of the father and sons December 4, 1870, under the firm name of the Clarkson Company. In 1871 the father retired from the firm and assumed editorial control of the agricultural department. "Ret" from the outset has been the managing editor, and has become one of the best in the West, as well as one of the most popular. He possesses a versatile, well-stored mind, thinks and puts his ideas on paper with great rapidity in a style of chirography most execrable, and the horror of compositors. He writes on soft print paper with pages about seven by nine inches square, beginning at the northwest corner, each line growing shorter to the right until at the bottom of the page the line will be about three inches long, inclining to the northeast corner at an angle of thirty degrees. There is a jubilee in the news-room when a fresh compositor tackles a "take" of his copy. He will retire to his case with visions of a "fat take" and thick "leads," industriously interviews it about five minutes, when the silence of the quiet night is broken with "Here! See here, foreman; what the h- is this? Looks like an inscription from the Egyptian obelisk!" With the help of the old stagers he worries through one or two lines and is ready to trade it off. He is a diligent student, and possessing one of the most valuable and extensive libraries in the State, he has eminently fitted himself for his vocation. He is of nervous, lymphatic temperament, genial and social, but not loquacious. He is decidedly positive in character and possesses indomitable will, which never yields, even to the most adverse circumstances. He is a warm, tenacious friend, and a hard hater. An enemy he may forgive-but forget, never. He is naturally inclined to combativeness, and woe to the person who becomes a target for his trenchant pen when dipped in gall. He is a firm, fast friend of his adopted city, and loses no opportunity to advance her interests and prosperity. He has filled several public trusts with great fidelity and success. He was appointed postmaster of Des Moines two

DES MOINES. 789

terms, and resigned on account of impaired health, caused by over work. He is at present an active and influential member of the West Side board of school directors. He has an abiding faith in railroads as a means of developing a city, and so believing, he took hold of the Des Moines, Knoxville & Albia road when it was practically a dead letter, and by persistent individual effort secured its completion. He inaugurated the Milwaukee, Marion, Marshalltown & Des Moines railroad project, was made president of the company, and spent several months in the field to secure its success, furnishing the means from his own pocket to survey and locate the route, and to him alone will be due the credit of acquiring so valuable and important an addition to the railroad facilities possessed by the city. His familiar soubriquet. "Ret," was a signature assumed by him in newspaper correspondence. The compositors adopted it and soon it became universal among his friends. He was married December 26, 1867, to Miss Anna Howell, of Pella, daughter of Dr. J. G. Howell, a most estimable woman, possessing those graces of mind and heart which endear her to a wide extended circle of friends. Two children have blessed this union: Hallie and Coker F.

CONRAD, CAPT. W. F.-Of the firm of Phillips & Conrad, attorneys at law. Was born in Ithaca, New York, November 7, 1826, and when young his parents moved to Oswego, and afterward to Hinsdale, Cattaraugus county. When 15 years of age he removed to Brantford, Canada West. He graduated from the Wesleyan University, at Middletown, Conn., in 1853, and afterward moved south to Port Gibson, where he taught school for about two years, studying law in the meantime. He was there admitted to practice in 1855, and soon after removed to this State, settling in Burlington, and at once commenced the practice of his profession. In August, 1862, he enlisted as a private in company G, Twenty-fifth Iowa. Before the command moved from Burlington he was commissioned sergeant-major, and on the 1st of January, 1863, was elected captain of company May 24, 1863, he was taken prisoner at Raymond, Miss., and was held 11 months in Libby Prison; was then taken to Macon, Ga.; remained there in the hands of the enemy for nearly 3 months, and about the same length of time in Charleston, S. C. He was then removed to Columbia; was detained two months and on the 29th of November, 1864, managed to escape. He made his way to Knoxville, Tenn., reaching there January 8, 1865. He saw some pretty hard times, since then unequalled. Then returned home, and soon after was sent on detached service to Fort Snelling, Minn., remaining there until July, 1865, when he was mustered out. He went to Canton, MO., where he commenced to practice, and remained there until his coming here, in the fall of 1876, and since 1878 has been engaged in business with Mr. Phillips. January 22, 1853, he was married in Aurora, New York, to Miss Harriet S. Pierce, a native of Maine. They have one son and one daughter: William F. and Hattie L.

CREIGHTON, HUGH R.-One of Des Moines representative business men and most successful financiers, is a native of Starke county, Ohio, and enjoyed good educational advantages in his youth. At the outbreak of the war he early tendered his services to his country and enlisted on the nineteenth day of August, 1861, in company A, Third Illinois cavalry, as a private. He served with his regiment through the Missouri and Mississippi campaign until 1863, when he was detailed for staff duty, and for several months was provost-marshal at Holly Springs, and while occupying this

790 BIOGRAPHICAL.

position paroled over seven thousand rebels. He was mustered out of the United States service on the twentieth day of August, 1865. Forming a taste for the profession of law, after a thorough course at the Albany Law School, was graduated from that institution and admitted to the bar. In 1872 he removed to this State and. settled at Indianola, Warren county, and established the firm of H. R. Creighton & Co., which firm was succeeded by Creighton & Creighton, a brother of the above. In 1876 Mr. Creighton came to this city and took charge of the Union Loan Association, and has since become proprietor of the same, arid in the management of which, he has been eminently successful.

COGGESHALL, J. M.-Real estate dealer. Was born in Guilford county, North Carolina, on the 10th day of June, 1829, and in 1832 removed with his parents to Rush county, Indiana, where he was principally raised. He learned the trade of saddle and harness-maker, and worked at the business from 1848 to 1852, and from 1852. to 1860 was engaged in various pursuits. The following four years was in general merchandise. He came to this .city in 1865 and engaged in the clothing business for a short time, and for four years was in the manufacture of pottery ware, and has had a large experience in grain and real estate, in which he has been fairly successful. He has served as a member of the city council, and is one of the prominent men in his business in the city.  He was married in 1857 to .Miss Mary J. Whitely, a native of Fayette county, Indiana. Their family consists of four children: Georgia W., Carl C., Harry, and Corrinne.

COLE, HON. C. C.-Late Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Iowa, and a man with few peers in the legal profession in the State. Sprang from a very early New England family. He was born in Oxford, Chenango county, New York, June 4, 1824. Was fitted for college at the Oxford Academy, and at eighteen was prepared to enter the junior class of Union College, .but protracted ill health prevented, and. at twenty-two he entered the law school of Harvard University, where he received a thorough training under the best legal instructors in the country, and graduated in about two years. Mr. Cole went immediately to Frankfort, Kentucky, and took charge for a short time of the legislative department of the Commonwealth, a daily paper of that place. He then located at Marion, Kentucky, where he was admitted to the bar, and commenced what has proven to be a very brilliant career in the legal profession. It was brilliant from the start. Success marked his first case at the bar, and won for him enviable reputation in that district. His uniform success was all the more remarkable from the fact that he had to contend with the ablest lawyers in the State. In May, 1857, Mr. Cole settled in Des Moines, which has since been his home, and his success here as an attorney has been second to none in Iowa.  When in the spring of 1861 the American flag was stricken down at Fort Sumter he was among the first to protest against the infamous deed, and to raise his voice for the marshaling of Union troops. In February, 1864, he was appointed one of the judges of the Supreme Court. The next autumn he was elected to the same office by an unprecedented majority, and reelected in 1870 by an equally flattering vote. In 1865 he was associated with Judge G. G. Wright in organizing a law school at Des Moines, since made a part of the State University at Iowa City. In 1869 Judge Cole became Chief Justice, and served in that capacity until the expiration of that term. He was re-elected but resigned the office on the 1st of January, 1876, and returned to, the practice of his profession.  His judicial

DES MOINES. 791

work has been distinguished for a display of the highest qualities which are demanded by the bench, and as a judicial writer he has eloquence, clearness, and force. Judge Cole has been for several years the editor of the Western Jurist, a periodical published at Des Moines, and conducted with marked ability. The wife of Mr. Cole was Miss Amanda M. Bennett, an associate of his youth, to whom he was married June 25, 1848. They have had seven children,  five of whom are still living: Will W. (now associated with his father in the practice of law), Gertrude (wife of A. C. Atherton), Mary, Frank, and Carrie.

COOPER, ISAAC-One of the most worthy citizens that has made his home in Des Moines is the subject of this sketch, who was born in Otsego county, New York, on the 8th day of February, 1813. His father was a brother of the celebrated author and novelist, J. Fennimore. His boyhood and youth were spent in his native place, and his early life was that of a farmer boy. At the age of twenty he emigrated west, and arriving at Toledo, Ohio, found it a small town, containing only one store. He engaged in various occupations, at one time on the lakes, then a contractor on. the Wabash and Erie canal, then in mercantile pursuits, in the latter of which he experienced serious losses. He decided to move west and recuperate his waning fortunes, and in company with a brother reached Fort Des Moines in 1845. He first settled in Delaware township, and made the first improvements in the township, and at that time there was but one house west of him (that of John Saylor), to the Pacific Ocean occupied by a civilized being, or north to the British possessions. He dug the first well in the township, and the first threshing machine in the county was brought in by Mr. Cooper, who did the threshing for this and the adjoining counties. The first reaping and mowing machine was owned by himself, Daniel Justice, and Peter Newcomer. In 1853 he moved from his farm and made his home in Des Moines until 1875, when, owing to impaired health, he went to California, and since that time has divided his residence between the two places. He was one of the first justices of the peace in Delaware township. On the 7th day of June, 1853, he was appointed chief clerk in the Register Department of the United States Land Office, an important position in those days, as the receipts were frequently twenty-five thousand dollars per day in gold. He is a good illustration of what economy and perseverance can accomplish. He came here with small means and has always been prudent in his expenditures and richly merits the success which has attended his career. He has been twice married; first to Miss Caroline Armstrong, on the 26th of November, 1839, a native of Pennsylvania. She died on the 23d day of July, 1871 leaving four children: Frances E. (now Mrs. Hubbell), Caroline F. (now Mrs. Grinn), Alice (now Mrs. Thompson), and Fennimore C. Mr. Cooper married for his second wife Miss Charlotte M. Mann, in 1872. She is a native of Massachusetts.

COOK, IRA-Is a native of the Empire State, having been born in Union, Broome county, New York, October 6, 1821; during his minority he spent the most of his time in attending school, and in 1836 he came with his father and family to Iowa and settled at Davenport, Scott county and improved a farm now within the city limits, and a part of which has been laid out in city lots. Here Mr. Cook found employment on the farm until twenty-eight years old when he engaged in merchandising. During a part of this period, in 1851-2, he was deputy U. S. Surveyor, engaged in townshiping and subdividing in the northern part of Wisconsin,

792 BIOGRAPHICAL.

a work in which he did good service as an expert and prompt official. In 1855 he closed his merchandising interests in Davenport and moved to Des Moines, where he entered into the banking business with the firm of "Cook, Sargent & Cook," which was continued until 1860, at which time he engaged in the real estate and insurance business in company with C. C. Dawson. In 1864 Mr. Cook became sole proprietor and since that time has followed that business with the exception of two years. During 1862-3 he spent nearly all his time in Washington, D. C., in the post-office department, but resigned during the latter year. He has filled several places of trust in the gift of the people. In 1861 he was elected mayor of Des Moines and did good service in that capacity; served two years in the city council; was deputy revenue collector under Horace Everett in 1864, and in 1868 was one of the trustees of Des Moines township. In every position in which he has been placed he has been true and loyal to his convictions of duty, He was married in 1854 to Miss Mary C. Owen, a native of Ohio, by whom he has one child, Rachel. Has one adopted daughter, Carrie.

COOLEY, N. B.-Brick manufacturer, was born September 2, 1820, near Salem, Indiana, and when seven years of age his parents removed to Butler county, Ohio, where he was raised and resided until he removed to Iowa, locating in Des Moines in October, 1855, where he has since resided and been engaged in his present business. He has furnished the brick for a great many of the principal buildings of the city, and burns annually from six hundred thousand to one million brick. He was united in marriage in 1846 to Martha Wray, a native of Butler county, Ohio.

CORMAC, JAMES-Secretary of the Eureka Coal Company, is a native of Scotland, and was born on the twenty-fourth day of October, 1829. In 1833 he was brought by his parents to the United States and settled in New York where he was raised and educated. He selected dentistry as a profession and followed it as an avocation. For years during this time he also gave attention to medicine and attended one course of lectures. Owing to impaired health he was compelled to abandon his business, and in 1868 came to Iowa and settled in Atlantic, Cass county, and engaged in the lumber and merchandise business. In 1874 he came to this county and engaged in coal mining. He was married in 1854 to Miss Julia A. Ballou. She was born in Tomkins county, New York. They have two children William D. and Hattie M.

COX, HENRY, M. D.-Physician and surgeon. Prominent among the men of his profession is the one whose name heads this sketch. He was born in Butler county, Ohio, September 21, 1821; and when five years of age emigrated to Indiana, and shortly afterward his parents died. Then he returned to Ohio where he remained three years and then went again to Indiana. His early education was received in the schools of Ohio and the latter State. This he supplemented with a medical course as he had made choice of medicine as his profession, and after graduating from the Ohio Medical College at Cincinnati, in March, 1853, he began to practice in Indiana. This he continued until 1866 when, on account of his health, he came to this city, and engaged in the drug business, following the same until 1873. He than engaged in the practice of his chosen calling which he has since followed. In 1849 Dr. Cox made a trip overland, to California, and was five months on the way. He practiced in California, and after his return, in November, 1851, went to Cincinnati and graduated. He

DES MOINES. 793

was married in Highland county, Ohio, October 15, 1846, to Miss Catherine H. Batie of Ohio. They have three sons and two daughters living . Mary I., Eliza, James E., Cassius C. and Elmer E:; lost one son, Frank E. As early as 1843 the Doctor engaged in the drug business and continued the same until 1849.

CRAWSHAW, J. R.-Was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, July 4, 1834. He learned the trade of carpenter in that city, and resided there until 1856, when he came to Iowa and located in Des Moines. During the rebellion he served in the Twenty-third Iowa infantry, company C, as fife major of the regiment, enlisting in July, 1862, and serving until March following, when he was discharged on account of disabilities. He has been engaged in working at his trade since residing in the city, having had charge of the carpenter work on the post-office building, beside other important buildings in the city. When work first began on the new capitol he assumed his present position as superintendent of the carpenter work, and has since had charge of the same. Besides this, he also has charge of the centering iron work, and has made all the drawings for the numerous patterns used. He was united in marriage, in 1855, to Mrs. Ann Volmer, also a native of Philadelphia. Have one child living, Effie H. Have one buried, Henrietta D.

CRESSEY, CAPT. F. J.-Frederick J. Cressey was born at Columbus, Ohio, March 3, 1840. He is one of a pair of twins, his twin brother being Rev. Frank B. Cressey, a Baptist minister of prominence, now located at Detroit, Michigan. In 1846 his father, Rev. Timothy R. Cressey, who, for thirty years, was one of the most noted Baptist ministers in the West, removed to Indianapolis, Indiana, from whence, six years later, he removed his family to St. Paul, Minnesota, then a mere town of three thousand inhabitants, a third of whom were half-breed Sioux Indians. In this place and the adjoining towns of Hastings and Minneapolis (the site of the latter place having been seen by Mr. Cressey when it was simply a wild prairie and patch of hazel brush, with not a house in sight anywhere), the subject of this sketch spent eight years of his youth. At the age of twenty years he added to his somewhat limited education the advantages of a freshman and a sophomore year at Dennison University, Granville, Ohio. It was at this time that the roar of cannon, sighted on Fort Sumter, reverberated from the shores of South Carolina throughout the land, and the greatest rebellion the world ever saw was inaugurated. Mr. Cressey at once threw down his Latin grammar, shouldered a musket and joined the noble army of patriots to defend the flag of our nation. He enlisted in company B,. Seventeenth Ohio infantry, going to the field in twelve days after the fall of Sumter. Upon the expiration of his three months he enlisted for three years in company D, One Hundred and Thirteenth Ohio infantry, serving faithfully till December 15, 1863, when, as the result of a competitive examination, and for special bravery at the terrible battle of Chickamauga, Mr. Cressey was promoted to the position of captain, company G, Fourteenth regiment, United States volunteer infantry, receiving his commission direct from the Secretary of War. After over four years active military service, during which time he braved death in eleven different engagements, and received frequent mention by superior officers for personal daring and cool bravery, Capt. Cressey was honorably discharged at Nashville, Tennessee, March 26, 1866, and with his young wife, Ella Graves,

794 BIOGRAPHICAL.

came at once to Des Moines, Iowa, where he has since resided. Patriotism runs in the blood of the Cressey family. The father and five sons were in the Union army during the great rebellion, and served with personal distinction. Since the war Capt. Cressey has given his entire time to the insurance business, for which he seems peculiarly fitted. For three years he was special agent and adjuster of losses for the Pacific Insurance Co. of San Francisco. Also for four years in a similar position with the Continental Insurance Co. of N. Y. He is now manager for Kansas of the Provident Savings Life Assurance Society of N. Y., a position his energy, self-reliance, genial manners and courteous bearing eminently fit him to occupy. Possessing a nervous sanguine temperament, he is active, vivacious and popular in social circles. The teachings of his eminent and truly good father, who died at Des Moines, August 30, 1870, after a gospel ministry of over forty-two years, are evidenced in the fact that four of his sons are Baptist ministers, of which denomination the subject of this sketch has for twenty-five years been a member. His mother, now living in Des Moines, is the eldest daughter of the late Jonathan Going, D. D., who died in 1844 while president of Granville College, Ohio. Capt. Cressey was first married .February 21, 1865, at Granville, Ohio, to Miss Ella Graves, youngest daughter of Ashley Graves, Esq., a young lady of rare personal piety and beauty of character. She died at Des Moines, February 21, 1869, having been four years a wife, leaving one son, Frank Graves, who lives to honor the name of his dead mother. November 26, 1871 the subject of our sketch married Miss Nora Hall, eldest daughter of Hon. Henry Hall at Walworth, Wisconsin. She was a woman of energy, warm friendship and Christian zeal. She died very suddenly at Des Moines on the first anniversary of her marriage, just one year a bride. Her nameless infant was buried, with her. Capt. Cressey's third marriage occurred September 1, 1875, at Anamosa, Iowa, when he was united to his present wife, Miss Imogene Alderman, daughter of Capt. E. B. Alderman, now living at Marion, Iowa. Two daughters, Stella Alderman and Lena Imogene, have come to them as the result of that union. Capt. Cressey is a man of fine personal appearance, courteous and affable, energetic and persevering He is positive in his nature, and therefore strong in his likes and dislikes. He readily reads character, fully appreciates true friendship, and as cordially hates hypocrisy in all forms. He is a self-made man and a good type of Western character.

CROCKER, GEN. M. M.-Deceased, was born in Johnson county, Indiana, in 1830. In 1844 he removed, with his father, to Fairfield, Jefferson county, Iowa, and shortly after to Keokuk county, where a claim was taken and improved in the most beautiful part of the county, about two miles
northwest of Lancaster. In 1846 young Crocker was called from the plow to accept a situation tendered him by Congressman Leffer, to the United States military academy at West Point. At the expiration of two years he was called back to the farm by the death of his father. In 1850 he entered upon the study of law, and the following year was admitted to practice and opened an office at Lancaster. Here he followed the practice of law until 1854, when he removed to Des Moines, and soon became recognized as one of the leading lawyers of the State. Upon the declaration of war in 1861 he immediately  responded to the call for volunteers, and raised the first company organized in Central Iowa. This company was incorporated in the Second Iowa infantry, of which Mr. Crocker first became major. Shortly after he was promoted to the office of lieutenant-colonel and given

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command of the Thirteenth infantry. At the battle of Shiloh he commanded a brigade, the commander having been wounded early in the engagement. He afterward was promoted to the rank of brigadier-general, which rank he held at the time of his death. His health failing toward the close of the war, he was sent to New Mexico. His health improving while there, he was, at his own request, transferred, and again became connected with the Army of the Cumberland. In August, 1865, he started for Washington, his health again having failed. Here he rapidly grew worse, and on the 26th of that month died.

CRYSTAL, J. A.-Was born August 4th, 1840, in Park county, Indiana, and in 1847 his parents removed to this county, settling in Des Moines, where the subject of this sketch was raised. His father, Richard S. Crystal was one of the early settlers of the city, and opened out the first blacksmith shop on the East Side. He also built the first frame house erected in what is now called Scott's addition. Young Crystal worked at his father's trade with him until he was twenty-six years of age. In the fall of 1861 he enlisted in company D, Second Iowa infantry, serving a little over two years, when he was veteranized and served until the close of the war. In the fall of 1864 he was taken prisoner near Macon, Georgia, and confined for seven months in the prison pen at Andersonville, when he, with several others, made good their escape. He was united in marriage, in 1865, to Louisa Shannon, a native of Indiana. Have two children: Ellie and Mildred.

CUMMINS, A. B.-Attorney, one of the more recent acquisitions to the bar of Des Moines, is the subject of this sketch, who was born in Greene county, Pennsylvania, on the 15th day of February, 1850, and resided in his native place until nineteen years of age. He was educated at Waynesburg College. He removed to Chicago in 1869, and, making choice of law as a profession, he entered the office of McClelland & Hodges, and was admitted to the bar in 1875. He came to this county in 1878, and has already take. a prominent place and commands the respect of his brother practitioners, He was united in marriage with Miss Ida L. Gallery in 1874. She is a native of Eaton county, Michigan. They have one daughter, Kate.

CUMMINS, J. C.-Was born in the Keystone State, which has given many men of worth to the younger West. The place of birth was Greene county, and the time January 15, 1852. His early education was at the academy at Carmichaels, and was concluded, in due time, at the Washington and Jefferson College. He removed to Michigan in 1871, where he was engaged in the engineer corps of the Northern Central, now Janesville branch of the Michigan Southern Railroad. He pushed west again the next year, and stopped in Chicago. Here, for a short time, he was engaged in a wholesale stationery house, but in 1874 he began the study of law in the office of Frederick Ullman, where he remained until 1875. He then entered the office of Finneys, Flower & Abercrombie and continued to read law until January 1, 1877, when he was admitted to the bar at Springfield, Illinois. In October of the same year he came to Des Moines and became associated with his brother in the practice of his profession. He was united in marriage to Miss Cora, daughter of O. S. Cook, Esq., of Chicago, December 17, 1878. They have one son, Frank.

DAUGHERTY, JOHN-Of the firm of Morris & Daugherty, brick manufacturers. Was born Dec. 25,1822, in Perry Co., Ohio, where he resided until 1843, when he removed to Cincinnati, Ohio.
He was

796 BIOGRAPHICAL.

engaged in brick-making there until 1856, when he came West and located in Des Moines. During his residence in this city he has been principally engaged in brick-making; 1874-5 he served on the police force of the city. He has been largely engaged in the brick business, having burned the  principal part of the brick of which the business part of Des Moines is constructed, and is now furnishing annually something over one million brick. He was united in marriage in 1845 to Miss Margaret Ann Ross They have six children living: Albert J., Belle, Frank, P., Annie and Leroy. Have buried one child.

DAY, JOHN M.-Attorney and broker. Numbered among the successful men in this county may be mentioned the person named in this sketch. He was born in 1831, in Washington county, Pennsylvania, where he grew to manhood upon the same fields from which, in the early part of this century, his father had removed the original forests of oak. He attended school at Waynesburg College, Pennsylvania, for three years, then studied law, and in the year 1859 entered upon the practice of his profession at Davenport, this State, where he continued to practice until his change of residence to Des Moines in the year 1868. Mr. Day's habits of great industry and rigid economy, combined with his known foresight and sagacity in all matters of business, have placed him in the front rank of men of enterprise and capital in this State. The D. & M. R. R. project was resurrected by him, in the year 1873, and through his energy and perseverance largely the same was pushed forward to success. He was married in 1861 to Miss Jennie Rogers, of Davenport, Iowa, and they have two sons: Hersehel P. and Robert H.

DE VOTIE, DUANE-Was born June 30, 1819, in Oneida county; New York, where he was raised to manhood. He removed from there to Ohio about 1843, and resided in that State some nine years, the last six years in Tuscarawas county, where he lost his wife and two children. His wife's maiden name was Emily A. Scott, to whom he was married in 1842: After settling up his business he spent the greater part of the year 1853 in traveling, and in May of the year following he came to Des Moines. His first three years' residence in Polk county was spent in entering and selling land, after which he opened out a farm of 700 acres in Jasper county, remaining on the same for some six years. In 1862 he disposed of his real estate in that county and came back to Des Moines, where he has since resided. In 1877 he erected a fine brick block on the east side. Since his return to the city he has been mainly engaged in dealing in real estate, in both this and other portions of the State. In March, 1875, he was elected a member of the City Council from the Fifth ward, which position he held for two years.

DICKINSON, DR. W. H.-Was born at Stanstead, Province of Quebec, Canada, on the 19th day of September, 1829. His father was of English descent and his mother of Welsh parentage. He received an academic education in his native village. After leaving school he went South, and was engaged in teaching for four years, the first half of that time as principal of the Louisville (Georgia) Female Seminary, and the latter half in the preparatory school of Mercer University, Penfield, Georgia. Having always had a taste for the medical profession, he commenced reading, first with Dr. Hunter, of Louisville, and afterward with Dr. Jones, of Penfield. From Georgia he proceeded to Cleveland, Ohio, where he attended lectures at the Homoeopathic College, from which institution he graduated in 1858.  

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After graduating he located in this city, where he has since resided, excepting during the years 1863-4, when he visited New York and attended lectures at the Homoeopathic College on Twentieth street and Third Avenue, from which institution he graduated for the second time in the spring of 1865. He then immediately returned to Des Moines and resumed his practice, which has now become large and lucrative.  In 1870 he was elected President of the Iowa State Medical Society. In 1877 Dr. D. was elected to the chair of Theory and Practice of Homoeopathy in the Iowa State University, which position he has filled since. In Apri1, 1880, he was appointed a member of the State Board of Health, and was subsequently elected Vice-President. He married Miss Sarah A. Butin on the 24th day of December, 1853. She is a native of Rensselaer county, New York. Their family consists of three children: Wilmot D., Robert and Warren.

DIPPERT, WILLIAM-Dealer in and manufacturer of harness, saddlery, etc. Was born in Baden, Germany, in 1823, where he grew to manhood and learned the trade of a harness maker. He resided in his native land until 1818, when he emigrated to the United States and located in Fairview, Erie county, Penn., where he engaged in business, and there .remained until 1855, when he removed to Des Moines. Here he has since resided, and with the exception of two years has been continuously in business. He was married in 1847 to Miss Josephine Ambs, also a native of Baden. They have a family of eight children: William, Robert, Albert, Joseph, Charles, Frederick, Louie and Josephine. Mr. D. enjoys a large trade in his line, having a large acquaintance and being genial in his disposition.

DRAKE, J. F. N.-Clerk of the Watson Coal Company. Was born March 20, 1846, in Easton, Mass., where he was raised, and resided until he was twenty years of age, when he went to Taunton, same State. There he was employed as a clerk until 1869, when he came West in the employ of the Central Coal and Mining Company, locating in Macon county, Missouri, where he remained until February, 1873. He then came to ,Des Moines, and has since been in the employ of the Watson Coal Company. He is at present one of the Directors of the East Side School Board, being President of the board. He was married in the fall of 1870 to Miss Nannie Tompkins, a native of Illinois. They have three children: J. W., Francis O. and Mabel T.

DUDLEY, C. A.-Attorney. Is a native of Ohio, and was born on the 14th day of November, 1839. His early life was divided between attending school and teaching. He was educated at the State University of Michigan, at Ann Arbor, and selecting law as his chosen occupation, he has pursued it with  untiring zeal and energy. He came to this county in 1867, and formed a partnership with L. J. Brown, and the firm have been associated together without change longer than any law firm in the city. He is governed by the most rigid principles of honesty and integrity, and as a practitioner his forte is in being thoroughly prepared and never taken by surprise. He was married in 1871 to Miss Sarah E. Washburne, a native of Vermont. Their family consists of two children: Cora and Frank.

DUNKLE, A. J.-Grocer. Was born in Athens county, Ohio, September 28, 1830, and there was raised on a farm and educated. In 1855 he came to this city and opened a dry goods and grocery house, remaining in that business until 1864. He then sold out and engaged in the shipping

798 BIOGRAPHICAL.

of stock, which he followed about five years, and then bought a farm in Bloomfield township. For several years he was engaged in farming, and in 1874 he bought the stock of groceries of George Bros. This he has continued to keep, and has been successful in his trade. In 1872 he made a trip to California with a view of speculating, and took with him a lot of hogs, which he sold, making money out of them. He was married in February, 1854, to Miss Susan E. Will, a native of Ohio. They have seven children: Alice, Linnie, Talbott, J., Daniel, Lizzie, and Mattie, living, and one, Edith, deceased.

EASON, G. L.-Was born in Windham county, Vt., May 15, 1843. At the age of fourteen he was apprenticed to Mr. C. A. Tripp, a jeweler, in Brattleboro, Vermont, where he remained till he arrived at the age of twenty-one years. He immigrated to Iowa in 1864 and located in Des Moines, opening a workshop, where he repaired watches and Jewelry, for one year. Soon following this he invented the celebrated Eason watch spring, which he manufactured nearly two years in Canada then selling his patent for thirty thousand dollars. Mr. Eason received the greater part of the consideration in cash. Some time after this the parties purchasing it were burnt out and failed in business whereupon Mr. Eason purchased the interest he had disposed of, and is now the sole proprietor and owner of this valuable invention. In 1876 he engaged in business with Mr. Rogg from which partnership he withdrew in 1878, and once more commenced business for himself. Mr. Eason is one of the most ingenious and skillful mechanics in the city, and his reputation as a watchmaker is unrivaled.

ELLIOTT, S. M.-Clerk in State Insurance company's office, was born July 20, 1830, in Columbiana county, Pennsylvania, where he resided until he was eighteen years of age, when he removed to Wisconsin, where he resided some five years. In 1858 he returned East and entered the employ of the Pennsylvania Central Railroad company as an engineer, remaining in that position until 1860, when he came to Iowa on a visit. He remained until the following year when he enlisted in Company K, Twenty-seventh Iowa infantry, as second lieutenant. He remained in the service some eighteen months. Upon account of disabilities he was compelled to resign. He then returned to Pennsylvania, where he remained until 1867, when he again came West locating in Mitchell county, this State; he lived here until 1870 when he came to Des Moines and engaged in the drug business on the East Side; in which business he remained until July 1877; from that date he has been mostly in the employ of the State Insurance Company. He was married in 1862 to Miss Adalade M. Jones of Mitchell county, this State.

ELLIOTT, JOHN A-Was born on the twenty-fourth of September 1824, in Armagh, Indiana county, Pennsylvania, and remained there until, thirteen years of age, when he engaged as clerk in the store of an uncle, with whom he served two years. He received an academic education in his native county, and concluded to come West, and went to Ohio and engaged in school teaching, continuing that for a short time and then returned to Pennsylvania. He was engaged in the mercantile business until 1853 when he removed to Wisconsin, engaged in merchandising four years, and in 1857 moved to Mitchell county, Iowa. There he followed farming for one year, and in 1858 was elected County Treasurer and Recorder, which offices he held until he was elected Auditor of State in 1864. In 1866 was renominated by acclamation, and also in 1868. During his term of office

DES MOINES. 799

the finances were managed in a manner that insured the prompt payment of every warrant on presentation, and in this prosperous and satisfactory condition he turned the portfolio of office over to his successor. In 1870, Mr. Elliott was engaged as land commissioner by the Des Moines Valley Railroad Company, and entered at once upon the discharge of his duty and remained in this position three years. He was one of the organizers of the. Citizens' National Bank, and held the offices of vice-president and cashier. Polk county is largely indebted to him for the interest taken in blooded stock, and his efforts in this direction have been a success. He is president of the State Insurance Company, mention of which is made in another part of this work. He married Miss Martha J. Henderson in 1849. She is a native of Lancaster county, Pennsylvania. Their family consists of three children: James H., Harry A. and Nellie H. (now Mrs. C. Wright).

ENGLEBERT, J. LEE-Was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania February 5, 1843, being the second son of Cornelius Joseph Michael Englebert, before deceased a prominent merchant of Philadelphia. He emigrated to this country in 1820 from Laon, in France, and was of Spanish-French extraction, and on the male side descended from the French nobility; his ancestry dating back to the fifteenth century. His mother was a German lady, whose parents emigrated to this country from the German Empire, therefore the son is of Spanish-French-German extraction. He was educated in the public schools of this city (Philadelphia) and was pursuing a mercantile training in the manufacturing establishment of Jules Hand & Co., when the rebellion of 1861 occurred. In July of that year he enlisted  as a private in a company of Young's Kentucky Light Cavalry, which was, merged into the Third regiment of Pennsylvania cavalry, the favorite regiment of generals McClellan and Meade, and on account of its severe disciplines being commanded by a regular army officer, Colonel Wm. W. Averill, and brigaded with regulars, comprised of the Second dragoons, Fifth and Sixth U. S. cavalry and Tidball's flying battery of U. S. artillery, was very often selected for hazardous undertakings. He rose from the ranks, through non-commissioned grades, to captaincy, November 28, 1862. In cavalry action at Hartwood church, Virginia, with Wade Hampton's cavalry; he was captured and incarcerated in Libby prison. Exchanged, February 22, 1863. He received several wounds in action, and was left on the field for dead, and so reported on two occasions, and for gallantry and meritorious conduct was thrice breveted, to the full rank of colonel of volunteers upon recommendation of President Lincoln and the Secretary of War, Stanton. He was frequently placed in responsible positions where wise discrimination and judgment, were necessary, and invariably discharged his duties faithfully. After the battle of Antietam, September 19, 1862, under McClellan, when Lee's army crossed the Potomac, General Pleasanton's cavalry pursued them. Lieutenant Englebert led and conducted the advance upon the enemy's rear-guard. After supporting a battery during the battle of the Wilderness, May 6, 1864, he again led the advance of the Army of the Potomac, with Meade and Grant at its head, through the enemy's country to the James river, where a junction was formed with General Ben. F. Butler's Army of the James before Petersburg. After a marked career for one so young, he was honorably discharged from the army. Colonel Englebert, for a few years, engaged in the oil business in Pennsylvania. He returned to Chester county where he married Miss Fanny H. Davis. He found his district politically in a state of turmoil,

800 BIOGRAPHICAL

and resolved to take a hand in politics. Having been solicited by prominent men including Governor Geary, he applied for appointment as assessor of internal revenue for the Seventh district of Pennsylvania, one of the wealthiest in the State. At that period the district was distracted by partisanship, and it required military influence especially, added to other friendship at court, to obtain an appointment from the President to an office with which there were connected forty-three subordinates, but he was equal to the occasion, and was appointed and confirmed by the Senate, and discharged his onerous duties to the satisfaction of the numerous manufacturing and other interest, and to taxpayers generally, receiving the commendation of Commissioner of Internal Revenue, Hon. E. S. Rollins, who said " his district was the second best assessed in the United States," which was highly complimentary, considering that millions of money were assessed yearly in this district. In 1869, he was superseded, for political reasons. About one year following was commissioned by the Secretary of the Interior as United States Indian agent for different bands of hostile Sioux at the Cheyenne river agency, Dakota Territory, on the recommendations of the Board of Home and Foreign Missions of the Protestant Episcopal Church of Pennsylvania and New York, and was the first Indian agent selected by the Hon. Win. Welsh, the originator of President Grant's Indian peace policy. Colonel Englebert discharged his duties with honor to himself, the department at Washington, and enjoys the credit at the Indian Department of accomplishing great innovations at his agency, and merited the thanks of General Yarker, the Indian Commissioner, and Mr. Welsh the President of the Church Board of Commissioners, for recalling two Indian war parties who had gone out on a scalping expedition, and by mere force of character and will-power, compelling them to send out their own warriors to effect this, and by his timely interposition averted an Indian war at that time. In May, 1871, he was recalled, having taken issue with the authorities, and after visiting his home in Pennsylvania, for several months, he emigrated with his wife and one child, a boy, to Omaha, Nebraska, where he was engaged in and was one of the original incorporators of the Willow Spring Distilling Company, which is in successful operation at this time. In January, 1874, Colonel Englebert disposed of his interest, and with his family removed to Des Moines, where he purchased an interest in the Eclipse Coal and Mining Company of which he is still a member.

ENSIGN, C. W.-Livery and sale stable. The pioneer in this line of business in Des Moines is the  subject of this sketch, who was born in Saratoga county, New York, on the 23d day of December, 1813, and was raised in this and Essex county. His father was a merchant and lumber manufacturer of considerable prominence and the son assisted his father in. the store as well as in the more laborious duties pertaining to lumber manufacturing and marketing the same. After attaining his majority he continued to reside in Essex county and during his residence was elected High Sheriff of the county and served nine-years. He became impressed with the favorable opportunities offered in the West for business, and, in 1859, emigrated to Iowa and settled in Des Moines and engaged in his present business, in which he has been eminently successful. He was married in December, 1837, to Miss Harriet Tarbell, a native of Vermont. Their family consists of three children: Edgar T., a promising attorney of Colorado, and prominently identified in mining interests; Frances, now Mrs. John Lynde; and George F., associated with his father in business.

DES MOINES 801

ERWIN, W. A.-Grocer and confectioner, was born February 15,1840, in Morgan county, Indiana, and when eleven years of age his parents removed to Illinois, where they resided some four years, and then removed to Iowa, locating in Warren county in 1852. After coming to Iowa, the subject of this sketch returned to Galesburg, Illinois, where he learned the trade of miller. During the war be served in company K, Nineteenth Iowa infantry, enlisting in July, 1862, and serving until the 18th of March, 1863, when he was discharged on account of wounds received at the battle of Prairie Grove, Arkansas, receiving no less than three wounds in that battle, being disabled in the right arm, a ball passing through his right side and another going through his cap and grazing the top of his head. After leaving the service, he located at Mt. Pleasant, where he resided until 1867, when he came to Des Moines. He was married March 17, 1861, to Miss Margaret McCoy, of Mt. Pleasant. Have three children: Joseph, Elnora and Ada.

ETHERIDGE, S. S.-Deputy U. S. Marshal,- was born in Sandwich, Carroll county, New Hampshire, on the first day of March, 1838, and was raised there. He was educated at Newbury, Vermont and at Middletown, Connecticut. He came to this State in 1863 and settled in Des Moines. He served his country during the rebellion in the Forty-seventh Iowa infantry. He had previously commenced the study of law, and in 1865 was admitted to the bar. In February, 1874, was appointed Deputy U. S. Marshal and served in that capacity for one and one-half years, and again; in 1877, was appointed to the same position and has filled the office to the entire satisfaction of those with whom he has business transactions. Mr.. E. has large coal interests in the city and is president of the Eclipse Coal Company, and their mines are among the best in the county. He was married to Miss Mattie La Bosquet in 1874. She is a native of West Virginia. They have one child, Charles A.

FAIRALL, E. J.-Of the firm of Williams & Fairall, real estate agents. Mr. F. was born near Zanesville, Ohio, Aug. 8,1833, and was raised and resided on a farm until he was seventeen years of age. In 1863 he came to Iowa, locating on a farm in Washington township, this county, where he resided until the following year, when he removed to Des Moines and engaged in contracting and building he being a carpenter by trade which business he followed until 1879. During this time he had the contract for building the Jones House, superintended the work on the Fifth Ward School and Lewis' Opera Block, also built many of the finer buildings both on the east and west sides of the river; and in addition to these had the contract for and built the principal school-house at Council Bluffs. He engaged in the real estate business. in 1878 with his present partner. In December, 1852, he was married to Miss Jane Finleoats. She died in 1866, leaving five children: Mary (now Mrs. C. M. Cook), William H., Howard, Edgar and Belle. In November, 1868, he married his present wife, her maiden name being Anna J. Adams, a native of Indiana. Froth this union he has three children: Nellie M., John A. and Robert C.

FERREE, J. M.-General agent for the Domestic sewing, machines: Was born April 2, 1846, in Wabash county, Indiana, where he resided until he entered the army in 1863, when he enlisted in the One Hundred and Thirtieth Indiana infantry, and served until the close of the war. After being discharged in December, 1865, he returned to Indiana, where he remained until 1872, when he came to Des Moines and for the past six years

802 BIOGRAPHICAL.

has been engaged in his present business. In March, 1880, he was elected for a term of two years to represent the Fifth ward in the city council. Was united in marriage to Miss Mary Pollock in 1868. They have, by this union, one child, Roy E.

FINCH, DANIEL O.-The subject of this sketch was born in Unadilla, Otsego county, New York, on the 6th of June, 1829. At the early age of eleven Mr. Finch was deprived of the care and counsel of his father by death. Prior to this event he had attended the common school in his neighborhood, but shortly afterward was sent by his mother to the Delaware Literary Institute at Franklin, Delaware county. He remained four years and after attending the Oxford Academy, Chenango county, was qualified to enter the sophomore class in college. He then commenced the study of law and for two years remained in the office of Judge C. C. Noble at his native place, when he entered the Fowler Law School, then at Cherry Valley. In November, 1848, he came West, locating in Monroe, Green county, Wisconsin. The following spring he was admitted to the practice of his profession, being then nineteen years of age. Mr. Finch remained there for two years, diligently engaged in his profession. In the spring of 1851 he came to Cedar Rapids, Iowa, where, in addition to the duties of his profession, he edited a paper. He was for three years a member of the banking firm of Ware, Finch & Co., of which company Judge George Greene was a member. This latter gentleman was the author of "Greene's Reports," the first law book published in Iowa. In the spring of 1853 Mr. F. closed his business affairs in Cedar Rapids and the following summer removed to Des Moines, then a place of two hundred and fifty inhabitants. He at once engaged in the practice of law, being associated with Judge Curtis Bates, and was also interested in the banking business. In addition to the arduous labors these pursuits gave him he found time to write many articles and for some time was editor of the Iowa Star. In 1855 Judge Bates left the firm and was succeeded by General M. M. Crocker. Since that time Mr. Finch has been associated with Judge Mitchell, Hon. J. A. Kasson, present U. S. Minister to Austria; George Clark, Esq., now of St. Louis; Byron Rice and John D. Rivers and others. He has always been one of the foremost Democrats of the State and for four times has been a delegate to the National Convention in the years 1860, 1864, 1868, and in 1876 was chairman of the Iowa delegation; was president of the State convention in 1877. Mr. Finch is one of the oldest law practitioners in Iowa, having been engaged in his profession some twenty-eight years. His practice, both civil and criminal, has been large and he has been very successful. To his excellent oratory and earnest application much of this is due. He attended the earliest courts in more than fifteen counties, some of which have since become the most populous and wealthy in the State. On the 16th of September, 1851, he was married to Miss Ellen Maria Calder, daughter of Joseph Calder, formerly of New York. Her parents were natives of England, but were married after coming to America. They have had five children, of whom four are living:  Joseph Calder (born on the 8th of January, 1855), Daniel Mallory (born on the 17th of May, 1858), Edward Douglas (born on the 15th of October, 1861), and the youngest, Charles Marcus (born on the 8th of February, 1864). Lost one child, Willie, who died at the age of four years.

FISHBLATT, A. S.-Physician and surgeon, is a native of New York,

DES MOINES. 803

and is the son of a physician of prominence. He was educated at Columbia College, and early forming a taste for the practice of medicine, an having, as it may be said, a natural qualification for the healing art by his familiarity with medicine from his boyhood, through the experience of his father, with the father as preceptor, and after the most thorough preparation and large experience in the routine of hospital practice, in which special attention was given to chronic and nervous diseases, he was graduated an M. D., and in casting about for a location, he was led to follow an inward inclination to settle in Des Moines. He came here in the spring of 1880 and opened an office for the treatment of chronic and nervous diseases, and from the first has done a large and lucrative business, and, if testimonial are a criterion, with flattering results.

FLEMING, DAVID D.-Of the firm of Soules & Fleming, proprietor of the Utica Clothing Store, was born on the 28th of March, 1838, in New York City, where he grew to manhood and was educated in the common schools. At the age of nineteen years he went to learn the machinist trade, with Joseph A. Sterling, of that city, and worked at it while there. In 1868 he came to this city and engaged in working for Loughran & Hillis with whom he remained until May, 1875. He then discontinued his trade and was employed as clerk in the clothing house of H. Monroe, continuing with him until July, 1876. In March, 1877, he entered the clothing house of Soules & Tinsley, for whom he clerked until February 23, 1880, when he bought the interest of Tinsley and the firm name was changed to Soules & Fleming. They carry a large and fine stock of clothing and their sales compare very favorably with that of any like house in the city. He was married February 11, 1873, to Miss Mary A. Cannon, a native of Orleans county, New York. They have one child living, William B.

FORSTER, A. M.-Contractor and builder, is a native of Vigo county, Indiana, born April 5, 1843. Was raised there, and in 1854 came to this State, locating in Madison county. He was educated partly in his native State and partly in this city at the commercial college. In 1863, under the call for 300,000 men, he enlisted in company H, Twenty-third Iowa, and participated in the siege of Vicksburg, siege of Spanish Fort, battles of Kern's River, Missouri, Port Gibson, Champion's Hill, Black River Bridge and Grand Gulf. He came to Des Moines in 1865 and was here married on the 30th of September, 1869, to Miss Ellen M., daughter of E. R. Clapp, Esq,. She died December 21, 1878, leaving one child, Edwin W.

FORD, E. M.-Among the reliable men of business who have contributed most toward the wealth and good name of Des Moines, there are none more deserving of credit than Mr. E. M. Ford. He was born in Columbus, Ohio, August 6, 1837. In 1847 he removed, with his parents, to Peoria, Illinois, were he passed the days of youth. At the early age of fifteen years he entered a wholesale notion establishment at a salary of six dollars and fifty cents a month, boarding himself. He remained in that establishment till 1857, when he removed with his parents to Princeton, Illinois, where he resided till 1860, at which time he removed to Newton, Iowa, where his career as a merchant properly began. In 1865 he established a line of four-horse wagons, whereby he carried merchandise to the very doors of his customers. This business he continued for several years, with an average sale of forty thousand dollars per year. In 1871 he opened a wholesale business in Des Moines, which he has conducted with success ever since. Whoever has remained long in Des Moines or any part of Central

804 BIOGRAPHICAL.

Iowa, cannot fail to have heard of E. M. Ford, the notion man. Some idea of the extent of his business at the present time may be gathered from the fact that he employs constantly from eight to ten clerks. He was married April 15, 1856, to Miss Rachel M., daughter of Lewis D. Hodges, of Chillicothe, Ohio. They have one daughter living, named Wrighta.

FORD, J. C.-Was born in Lancaster county, Pennsylvania, January 31, 1852. He left the parental roof when ten years of age and since that time has been the architect of his own fortune. Six years he was engaged in various pursuits, and at the age of sixteen years began an apprenticeship in a boot and shoe manufactory in Winchester, Virginia. He went to Williamsport, Pennsylvania, in 1870, where he had thorough instruction and valuable experience in the manufacture of fine goods. In 1873 he went to Washington and was in the employ of George Wagner two years. From there he went to Chicago and was with J. T. Jewett three years. He came to Des Moines in 1878, where he has established a business second to none in the State for its reputation in the manufacture of gentlemen's and ladies' fine boots and shoes. He was married September 24, 1879, to Miss Hattie E. Jones, of Chicago. She was born in Canada.

FOSTER, WILLIAM-Architect, was born in New York, July 21,1842. After finishing his education he entered the employ of Upjohn, in New York, a noted architect, to learn the business. He availed himself of every opportunity to perfect himself in his profession, and in 1867 came West with a view of finding a place to locate. After reaching Des Moines he was induced to remain here, and after passing the starving process incident to beginners, he at last succeeded in bringing his talent and knowledge of his business before the public. From that time until the present his business has been constantly increasing, and he has planned many of the best buildings of Iowa and Nebraska, among which we may mention most of the prominent buildings of Des Moines, school-houses in Albia, Carroll, Montezuma, Dunlap, etc., State penitentiary, Lincoln, Nebraska, State penitentiary at Anamosa and the insane asylum at Lincoln, Nebraska. He married Miss Louisa Corbin, a native of England, in 1868.

FOSTER, A. P.-Secretary of the Capital City Gas Light Company. Was born January 29, 1852, in New York City, where he was raised and educated. He came from that city to Des Moines in 1868 for the purpose of accepting his present position. He was united in marriage in 1878 to Miss J. S. Wright, daughter of Mr. John R. Wright, a prominent citizen of Cincinnati, Ohio. FRANTZ, L.--Proprietor of the Given House. Was born in Maryland, March 9,1819, and was there raised and educated. He engaged in agricultural pursuits, and followed that business as an occupation until 1854, when he came to Wapello county, Iowa. For one year he continued farming there, and then engaged in the hotel business, and in 1861 removed to Prairie City. There he continued the hotel business, and in 1863 he came to this city, and has since resided here, being proprietor of the Given House. The hotel is a brick structure, three stories in height, and comfortably furnished. Mr. Frantz is a genial landlord and well liked by his customers. He was married in Pennsylvania, October 4, 1840, to Miss Caroline Miller. They had eight children, four of whom are living: Leon, Mary E., Frank F. and Kate. Lost four: Wallace C., William, Hiram
and Milton.

FREBERG, J. 0.-Of the firm of Freberg, Allmart & Co., merchant

DES MOINES.

tailors. Was born in Sweden, April 19, 1843, and was raised in that country. At fourteen years of age he began the tailor's trade, and worked on the bench until he became about eighteen years old, and then he began practical cutting. In 1866 he came to America, and located first at New Windsor, Mercer county, Illinois, and afterward went to Rock Island. From there he went back to Indiana, came from there to this city in March of 1878, and engaged at his trade of cutting, which he followed up to the time he began in his present business, in the spring of 1880. He was married in Sweden in 1865 to Miss Annie Engberg, a native of that country. By this union they have a family of one son and three daughters living : Annie M. E., Hannah C. W., Frank E. and Clara D.

FRITZ, LOUIS-Saloon. The subject of this sketch was born in Rhine, Bavaria, on the 11th day of October, 1844, and in 1845 his father left his family in that country and came to America and joined the regular army at West Point, and served in behalf of this country for five years. About the time of the expiration of his enlistment he sent for his family, who came over to the State of New York, where they lived till 1867, when he came to Iowa and located a homestead near Iowa City, with a warrant which he received from this government for services rendered in the Mexican War. Afterward he sold this claim, and is now living near Sigourney, Keokuk county, this State. The subject of this sketch was only five years of age when he came with his mother to America, so his education was received in this country, in the English language, but at the same time be has educated himself in his mother tongue, the German language. and now speaks and writes both with fluency. He began the trade of cigar making when only fourteen years of age, which he followed as his principal occupation up to 1876, when he engaged in his present business. He carried on the manufacture of cigars in this city under the firm name of Fritz, Conradi & Co. till 1873, employing as high as seventeen workmen. After the dissolution of this partnership he still carried on the business till 1876. In 1865 he married, in New York City, Miss Magdalena Fritz, a native of Rhine, Bavaria. By this union they have a family of one son and one daughter living, Matilda and Herman; have one son deceased, Louis. Mr. Fritz is a good business man, and possesses social qualities that make for him many friends.

FULLER, Dr. GEO. W.-Of the firm of Hallett & Fuller, dentists. Is a direct descendant of the Fuller who came to this country in the Mayflower. He is a native of Jefferson county, New York, and was born on the 27th of June, 1838. Was there raised until fourteen years of age, when, with his parents, he removed to this State, and settled in this city in June, 1853. In early youth Dr. Fuller enjoyed excellent educational advantages, and on coming to this county prosecuted his studies still further, until the age of eighteen years, when he commenced teaching school. He was successful as a teacher, and never wanted for a school when he would take one. This he continued for five years, when he commenced the study of dentistry with Dr. Hallett, working with him and under his supervision until 1864, when he was admitted as a partner in the firm. This firm is among the oldest of the kind in the State. Dr. Fuller is a prominent member of the State Dental Association. His studious habits, large experience  and attention to his business, combined with excellence of work, has placed him in the front rank of his profession in the State. December 18, 1864, he was married to Miss. Charlotte T., daughter of William Phillips;

806 BIOGRAPHICAL.

who removed to the Territory of Iowa in an early day. She was born in Jackson county, and is one of the first, if not the very first child born is the State. Their family circle consists of three children living: Minnie E., Benjamin and Edith. Dr. Fuller is a prominent Mason, and is a member of the order of Knights Templar, and is now Recorder of Temple Commandery No. 4, K. T. He has also been an active member of the First Baptist Church of Des Moines for several years.

FULLER, C. E.-Treasurer of the Iowa Loan and Trust Company, was born in Ohio on the second day of November, 1830, and resided in his native place until fifteen years of age, and then removed to Grand Rapids, Michigan, and remained there until he attained his majority. His youth was spent in attending school, teaching, and at intervals working at the carpenter and joiner's trade. In 1851 he went to Ohio and, entered Hiram College, Hon. James A. Garfield being a student at the same time, and they have been warm friends since that period. After remaining three years he taught more or less for some years, and in 1861 settled in Rochester, Indiana, and published the Rochester Chronicle four years, and thence to Washington, D. C., and accepted a position in the Internal Revenue Department. In 1865 he came to South Bend, Indiana, and purchased an interest in the St. Joseph Valley Register, so long conducted by Schuyler Colfax, and after a residence of two years emigrated to Iowa and settled in Des Moines, which has since been his home. He was engaged for some years in the abstract and conveyancing business, and while conducting this business was one of the principal organizers of the Iowa Loan and Trust Company, and has been its treasurer or acting treasurer since its organization. He is also cashier of the Iowa Loan and Trust Bank. His career thus far in life has been both honorable and successful, and he enjoys the confidence and respect of the community in which he resides.  He was married in 1855 to Miss Mary Watson, of Wayne county, New York.

FULTON, ALEXANDER R.-The father, James Fulton, of the subject of this notice, removed from Huntingdon, Pennsylvania, to Chillicothe, Ohio, when the latter State was on the border of civilization. He was married at Chillicothe in 1824, to Miss Rebecca Greene, who is still living. A. R. Fulton was born near Chillicothe, Ohio, October 11, 1825, and was educated in the common schools, and at Mt. Pleasant Academy, Kingston, Ross county, Ohio.. He came to airfield, Iowa, in the spring of 1851, where his first employment was to assist in surveying a line for a plank road from Fairfield to Mt. Pleasant. In December of the same year he became associated with Orlando McCraney in the publication of the Fairfield Ledger, and after a time purchased the entire office. He afterward sold a half interest to W. W. Junkin, and in 1854 the remaining interest. Mr. Fulton was married November 20, 1853, to Mrs. Augusta Wheeler. Since his residence in Iowa he has filled a number of official positions, including a clerkship three sessions in the State Legislature, three terms as County Surveyor (Jefferson county), four years as County Judge, and as a Representative in the Twelfth General Assembly. Soon after the close of his legislative term he removed to Des Moines, and at the organization of the State Board of Immigration in April, 1870, he was appointed secretary of the Board, which position he filled four years. He was also the first secretary of the Board of Capitol Commissioners. He has been connected with the newspaper press of the State in some capacity during the greater

DES MOINES. 807

portion of the last twenty-nine years. Since the organization of a company for furnishing ready-print newspaper sheets at Des Moines in 1873, he has filled the place of editor of those sheets, which position he still holds.

CARTON, W. T.-Confectioner and baker. Was born in England, Nov. 26, 1840, and partly received his education there. He remained in that country until June, 1852, when he emigrated to America, landing in New York, and from there he went to Indiana, where he completed his education. In the fall of 1856 he concluded to come to Iowa, and accordingly settled in this city, and has since resided here, following the above business. His marriage was in Newton, Jasper county, this State, November 12, 1863, to Miss Minerva Allum. They are the parents of seven children, three of whom are living : Ada L., Willie M., and Alfred. Lost four: Mary, Alice, A., and Rosa W

GETCHELL, C. H.-Of the firm of H. F; Getchell & Sons, lumber dealers, one of Des Moines largest as well as most successful business men, was born in Maine on the 22d day of March, 1841, His youth, until about sixteen years of age, was spent in his native place. He then followed the water for three years, and in 1862 came to Des Moines, and thence to Montana, where he was for three years engaged in mining with satisfactory results. In 1865 he returned to this city and resumed the lumber business with his father. The firm was the first to handle soft lumber in the city, and from its establishment has done a prosperous business, and some idea of this may be formed when it is known that they established yards at fourteen different stations on or near the Rock Island railroad, and at the present time are the largest shippers of lumber in Central Iowa. Mr. Getchell was married in 1867 to Miss Rachel E. Ankeny, a native of Greene county, Ohio. Their family consists of five children: Eva, Gertie, John, Helen, and Frank.

GILLETT, BENJ. T.-Was born July 19, 1841, at Bridgewater, Somershire, England, and lived in and near there until twelve years of age, when he was apprenticed to his uncle for a term of seven years to learn the trade of a tailor. After his apprenticeship he returned to his native town, but remained only a few months and then worked at his trade in Bromyard, Herefordshire, Hereford City, Birmingham, and London, where, in the employ of the famous court tailors, Henry Poole & Co., he gained most of his experience as a tailor. In 1867 Mr. Gillett went to Toronto, Canada, in the employ of J. Stovel & Co., of London, who had a branch house in Toronto, and remained one year, and then to this country. He has filled positions as cutter and tailor in Buffalo, New York, Washington, D. C., New York, and other large cities. He came to this city in 1870 and since that time has resided in Chicago, Buffalo, and Toronto, Ontario. He returned to this city on the 17th of March, 1876, and succeeded Durand & Co. in the business of tailor and clothier and has succeeded in building up a business and reputation which places him among the successful merchants. Mr. Gillett is a naturalized and patriotic citizen of this country and takes a lively interest in all questions concerning the welfare of his adopted country. He was married on the 15th day of February, 1875, to Miss Euphemia A. McAlpine, of the Township Elden, near Toronto. They have two children: Frederick William (born January 1, 1877), and Grandville Tazwell (born July 26, 1878.

GIVEN JOSIAH-Was born in Murraysville, Westmoreland county, Pennsylvania, August 31, 1828. His parents were from Ireland and had

808 BIOGRAPHICAL.

settled at Murraysville some years previous. In 1838 he went with his father and family to Holmes county, Ohio, where they settled on a farm. His father and elder brother established a cross-roads blacksmith shop, and when a mere lad, he too learned to ply the " noble craft of the smith." He was almost entirely self educated. Schools in that region, at that time, were few in number and poor in character. From ten to seventeen years of age most of his time was spent in the smith shop. At the outbreak of the war with Mexico he enlisted as a drummer in company I, Fifteenth infantry, and served for a short time with a recruiting squad and was then rejected on account of his youth. A few. months later, however in the spring of '47-he enlisted as a private in company G, Fourth Ohio infantry, Colonel Brough commanding, was appointed third corporal, went with the regiment to Mexico and served throughout the war. The war over, the young soldier returned to Millersburg, Holmes county, Ohio, and began to study law in the office of J. R. Barcroft and William Given (an elder brother). In the fall of 1850 he was admitted to the bar in Stark county, Ohio, on motion of Hon. Edwin M. Stanton. He began the practice, and one year later was elected prosecuting attorney for Holmes county and was subsequently re-elected to a second term. The first case he ever tried in a court of record was a prosecution for murder in the first degree, and in which he secured a conviction against a defense urged by Hon. David Spangles, Hon. John McSweeney and Hon. Thomas Armor a powerful trio. During his term of office he went to Europe to secure the apprehension of an absconding county treasurer, who had fled to Switzerland with some $22,000 of county funds. The history of this affair would fill a volume and furnish facts " stranger than fiction." He was finally apprehended in Switzerland. He returned home, resumed practice, and was for several years in partnership with his former preceptor, J. R. Barcroft. In 1856 he removed to Coshocton, Ohio, and practiced law there until the opening of the rebellion. He was trying a case in court when a telegram announcing the firing on Fort Sumter was brought in and read from the bench. He close his books, left the court-room and never returned till after the close of the war. He organized company K, Twenty-fourth Ohio volunteer infantry and entered the service as its captain, spent the summer of 1861 in the mountains of West Virginia; in the fall was promoted lieutenant-colonel, Eighteenth Ohio, and reported for duty at Elizabethtown, Kentucky; served with this regiment some eighteen months, passing through the battles of Bowling. Green; Nashville, etc.; slightly wounded at Stone River; in the spring of 1863 was made colonel of the Seventy-fourth Ohio volunteer infantry, to succeed Granville Moody, the " fighting parson"; passed through the battles of the Atlanta campaign and during a portion of it commanded the third brigade of the third division, Fourteenth Army Corps. The fall of Atlanta and virtual end of the rebellion found him completely disabled by rheumatism and he thereupon tendered his resignation. He was elected postmaster of the United States House of Representatives, Thirty-ninth Congress, his name being presented in a speech by General James. A. Garfield of Ohio. After serving two years he returned to Ohio, spent a year settling the affairs of his brother, Colonel William Given, deceased, and then carried out a long-cherished project of removing to Iowa. He reached Des. Moines May 1, 1868, and began the practice of his profession. In 1869 he was appointed a Deputy Commissioner of Internal Revenue, and assigned the division having charge of taxes on spirits and fermented liquors; re-

DES MOINES. 809

signed this position in 1871, and in January, 1872, began service as District Attorney, Fifth judicial district, and served three years. Since then he has been engaged in private practice with the firm of Barcroft, Given & McCaughan. In 1875 he was a representative from Polk county in the legislature. General Given was married to Miss Elizabeth Armor, at Millersburg, Ohio, in 1851, and has a family of six sons and one daughter. In politics he was a Democrat up to the opening of the rebellion, but has since been an unswerving Republican.

GIVIN, ROBERT-Was born in Ireland, November 28, 1833, his ancestors being of Scotch descent. When a youth of sixteen years he determined to leave his native heath and seek his fortune in the New World. Upon arriving in America he secured employment with a milkman at a salary of ten dollars per month. He remained at this business for but a short time, for he soon found a place in a grocery store where he remained seven years. In 1856 he removed to northern Wisconsin, where he engaged in the real estate and lumber business for six years. He then removed to Keokuk, Lee county, Iowa, and was employed on the Keokuk, Ft. Dodge & Minnesota Railroad, afterward the Des Moines Valley Railroad, as purchasing agent. In 1863 he was freight conductor on the came road. While serving in the latter capacity the railroad reached Des Moines, and he had the honor of running the first freight train into the Capital City. In the fall of 1866 he was promoted to the position of passenger conductor and was on this road in that capacity for nine years, when he resigned, and was appointed western traveling agent for the same road. In 1874 he entered into the mercantile business at Keokuk, the firm being known by the name of Given & Hunter. In the spring of 1880 he established his present business in Des Moines. Mr. Givin has been a taxpayer in Des Moines for more than fifteen years, having chosen that city as the place of his residence in 1865. He owns a two-thirds interest in thirty-four lots in Stewart's addition, as well as several valuable farms in Dallas county. He was married April 14,1880, to Miss Alice Gibson. She was the daughter of Mr. Royal Gibson, a prominent farmer of Cantonsburg, New Hampshire. Her grandfather had the honor of teaching Daniel Webster his alphabet. They have five children, named as follows: Annie M., John W., Carrie L., Alice G., and Robert R.

GIVEN, JNO. H.-Of the firm of Given & Carpenter, plow manufacturers, and the first in his line in Central or Western Iowa. Was born in Virginia, on the 7th day of October, 1820, and lived there twenty-two years. He learned the trade of blacksmith and carriage-maker, and followed the business a long time as an occupation. He removed to Iowa in 1844, and settled in Wapello county. He came to Des Moines at the time of the Indian payment, and purchased property he now owns. In 1851 he came here to reside permanently, and commenced his present business, which has kept apace with the city. Mr. G. has devoted his entire time to his business, and by energy, economy and fair dealing, attained a well merited success. He has never been a political
aspirant, but has served as a member of the city council. He was married to Miss Cynthia A. Martin in 1848, a native of Ohio. They have a family of six children: Arthur M., Pauline (now Mrs. Swalm), Eugenic, Charles, Kittie and Mattie.

GLASER, A. LEWIS-Proprietor of greenhouse, north of city limits. Was born in Saxony, Germany, December 15, 1850, where he was raised,

810 BIOGRAPHICAL.

and resided there until 1871, when he emigrated to the United States, locating in Chicago, Ill. He resided there until 1876, when he came to Des .Moines, and in1877 engaged in business for himself. His marriage was in 1879 to Mary Koefland, a resident of Chicago.

GRAEFE, HENRY-Proprietor of the Graefe House. Was born in ,Holstein, Germany, November 13, 1842, and there was raised and educated. He became engaged in farming, and followed the same until the fall of 1867, when he emigrated to America, landing in New York. From there he removed to New Jersey, where he worked at the brick business, and in 1868 he came to this city and took charge of the hotel. Has a good house, and being a genial and enterprising landlord has won many friends. He was married in this city on the 5th of February, 1872, to Miss Anna Cronig. They are the parents of four children: Harry F., Bertha C., and Emma C. living, and one, Anna C., deceased.

GRAHAM, SETH-Of the firm of Cate & Graham, transfer inen. Was born in Wayne county, Ohio, April 17, 1831, and when 7 years of age he moved to Indiana, locating in Pike county in 1838. In 1841 he went to Perry county, Ills., and in 1850 came to Muscatine, this State, and to this city in 1855. His father was a millwright by trade, and young Graham naturally worked at that, and also at carpentering until about 19 years of age. Also served his time as a mechanic, and learned various businesses, that of steam boating, bridge-building, milling, etc. In 1850 he started out to make his own way in the world, and how well he has succeeded may be judged from his success. Was married in this city to Miss Elizabeth A. King on the 29th day of November, 1859. She is a native of England. By this union they have two sons and one daughter: Frederick and Clarissa A. living, and one,, Augustus W., deceased.

GRAY, CHARLES P.-Deceased. Des Moines is not an old city- men and women yet young in years can remember the time when Des Moines was in its infancy. Notwithstanding this fact the city is old enough to be the scene of the beginning and ending of more than one promising business career; as an example we mention the name of Charles P. Gray ,who came to this city in 1864 and died December 23, 1879. He was born in Newark, Ohio, February 28, 1849. When nine years old his father died. He made his entry into Des Moines when a lad of fifteen years and first entered the employ of Keyes & Knight, dealers in queensware. Mr. Knight retiring from the firm he was succeeded by Mr. Gray and the firm was known as Keys & Gray. This partnership continued but for three months, at the expiration of which time O. H. Perkins bought Mr. Key's interest and from that time the firm was known as Perkins & Gray. The business of the new firm rapidly extended itself without any apparent effort of the members of the firm, although in their quiet, gentlemanly way they were doing much to extend the influence of their house over the entire region of country naturally tributary to Des Moines. Mr. Gray was yet a very young man at the time of his death but he lived long enough to see his business prosper far beyond the most sanguine expectations of his early youth. But while he was widely known as a most prudent and accomplished business man, it was as an upright, genial and sociable private citizen that he was especially loved in Des Moines, and as such he will long be remembered by hosts of friends, who but a few short months since, sorrowfully  and sadly followed him to the tomb. He was married to Miss Ella H., daughter of

DES MOINES. 811

J. M. Owen, Esq., of Des Moines, a lady of rare accomplishments. There was born to them one son, named Owen.

GREFE, WILLIAM-Proprietor of the Des Moines Ice Company. Was born in Germany, March 21, 1849, and when very young was brought by his parents to the United States, landing in New York. From there he went to Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and thence to Brownsville, same State, and in 1857 he came to Iowa, locating in this county. Here he has been raised and educated. He became engaged in the butchering business and followed the same until 1864, when he went in the ice business and has since followed the same, and is doing an extensive business. Has a fine residence on Second street. Mr. Grefe was married in this city November 13,1874, to Miss Mary Hast. They have three children: William, Alvin and Edwin.

GREFE, AL-Grocer. Was born on the 27th of June, 1851, in Brownsville, Pa., and at the age of 5 years came to Iowa, locating in this city, where he has been raised and educated. He became engaged in the ice business, which he followed until 1868, when he commenced the grocery business on an extensive scale, and still follows the same. He was married in Fort Atkinson, Wisconsin, November 7, 1877, to Miss M. M. Widman. They have one child, Ruth, born November 4, 1879.

GRIFFITH, CAPT. I. W.-Is a native of Trumbull county, Ohio, and was born April 2, 1820. He resided at home until his eighteenth year, working with his father at the carpenter's trade, when, having cherished a desire to go West; he bid adieu to his friends and home and emigrated to Lee county, this State. For a year he engaged in agricultural pursuits, then resumed his labors at his trade, which he continued until his departure for Mexico. In May, 1847, he enlisted in company K, Fifteenth United States infantry, for the Mexican War. On the organization of the company he was appointed corporal, and in July was promoted to sergeant. On the 4th of May the company landed at Vera Cruz, Mexico, from which they took their line of march for Pueblo, the headquarters of General Scott, which they reached July 8th, after numerous guerilla skirmishes on the road, in which they lost their captain and several men. The regiment shared in the battles of Contreras, Churubusco and Chapultepec. August 20, 1847, Mr. Griffith was wounded in the fight at Churubusco, from which .he lost his right arm. On the 15th of September he entered the City of Mexico, and on the 1st of November he received his discharge and started for home, where he arrived in February, having remained in Baton Rouge on account of his wound. On his return to Iowa he settled in Lee county, and in August, 1848, was elected to the Legislature, and served as representative of  Lee county in the session of 1848-9, being the second session of the Legislature under the State organization. At this session the first United States Senators were elected, and also the Supreme Court Judges. This was one of the most important legislative sessions ever held in the State, and the only one that ever elected three United States Senators. In August, 1849, he was appointed deputy Sheriff of Lee county, and resigned in November, 1850, and went to Washington, D. C., where for three years he served as Assistant Doorkeeper of the Senate. In the spring of 1853 he was appointed on the capitol police force, and served for five years. In April, 1858, he was appointed Register of the United States Land Office at Des Moines, and was removed by Lincoln in April, 1861. In October, of the same year, he was elected Sheriff of Polk county, served two years,

812 BIOGRAPHICAL

and was defeated in 1863 by H. M. Bush. In the fall of 1864 he went to Memphis, Tenn., where he was employed as master mechanic in the quartermaster's department and served to the close of the war. In October, 1865, he was appointed Deputy United States Marshal for the Western District of Tennessee, and served until his resignation, April 1, 1868, when he returned to his home in Des Moines. Since that date he has followed various pursuits. In September, 1840 he married Miss Eales Brand, a resident of West Point, Lee county, Iowa, but a native of Morgantown, Virginia.

GRUSS, W. F.-Retired merchant. Was born April 3, 1833, near Berlin, Prussia. His parents emigrated to the United States when he was quite young, locating in Seneca county, New York, where he resided until he was 21 years of age. In 1856 he came to Iowa, locating in Keokuk, where he was engaged some years in mercantile business. In 1861 he came to this county, locating in Polk City, where he engaged for two years in selling goods. In 1863 he came to Des Moines, and erected a fine business house on the East Side, and engaged in the dry goods trade, which he followed until the fall of 1878, when, on account of ill health, he was compelled to retire from business. In 1854 he was married to Margaret Kennedy, a native of Ogdensburg, New York. She died September 25, 1878, leaving five children: Agnes, Albert, Alice, William and Maggie. His second marriage was November 2, 1879, to Mrs. Catherine Carrilly. She had four children from a former marriage: Thomas, Mary, Alice and Katie.

GRUPE, D.-Of the firm of Grupe & Turner, proprietors of the Iowa Boiler Works, was born February 5, 1845, in Pennsylvania, and when but six months of age his parents removed to Iowa, locating in Des Moines county, near Burlington on a farm, where the subject of this sketch was raised. In his 21st year he commenced to learn the trade of a boiler-maker in Burlington, serving an apprenticeship of three years. He continued to work in that city until 1872, when he came to Des Moines and established himself in business with his present partner, and for the time they have been in business they enjoy a liberal share of patronage, being good workmen and fair and honest in their dealings. During the rebellion he enlisted in company G, Twenty-fifth Iowa infantry, December 31, 1863, and served in that regiment until May, 1865, when he was transferred to the Ninth Iowa infantry veterans, serving until the close of the war. He was with Sherman in his famous march to the sea, and participated in all the battles incident to that campaign. He was married to Miss Jennie Miller, of Des Moines, in 1874: Have two children: Hattie L. and John P.

GUE, B. F.-United States Pension Agent. Was born in Greene county, New York, December 25,1829, and when four years old his parents removed to Ontario county, same State. They were both Quakers in their religious belief; became pronounced Abolitionists, and in the days of the underground railroad their house was used as one of the stations. The first paper our subject ever saw in his home was Win. Lloyd Garrison's Liberator, the first anti-slavery paper that was published. When ten years of age he was deprived of the care of his father by death. In the fall of 1851, being then twenty-two years old, he returned to his native place and engaged in school teaching. Prompted. by a desire to see the then growing West, early in 1852 he came to Davenport, Iowa, after a tiresome journey of three weeks. Went to the northern part of Scott county and entered,

DES MOINES 813

160 acres of prairie land and 40 of timber. Early becoming identified with the public interests of his adopted State, Mr. Gue became known as an influential man of the people, and in the fall of 1857 was elected on the Republican ticket to the State Legislature, it being the first session held after the removal of the. State capital from Iowa City to Des Moines. During that session he became one of the authors of the bill providing for the establishment of a State agricultural college. In 1859 he was re-elected to the Legislature, and in the fall of 1861 was elected to the State Senate, for a term of four years. He was one of the authors of the bill providing for the leasing of the land granted to the Agricultural College, by which the college realizes more than thirty thousand dollars annually. Removing to Fort Dodge before the close of his term of office, he purchased the Fort Dodge Republican and became its editor. In the fall of 1865 he was elected Lieutenant-Governor of Iowa, and during the session of the Senate in 1866 was elected one of the trustees of the Agricultural College, serving in that capacity four years, during the construction of the building and the organization of the school, being president of the board and chairman of the executive committee and committee on organization. Changing the name of his paper to the Iowa Northwest, he continued its publication for eight years. In the summer of 1872 he removed to Des Moines and purchased an interest in the Iowa Homestead, becoming chief editor of the same. He continued to serve in this capacity until December, 1872, when he was appointed to his present position of United States pension agent. Mr. Gue was married in November, 1855, to Miss Elizabeth R. Parker,. whose father was killed by Indians in Arizona. They have four children: Horace G., Alice L., Gurney C. and Minnie.  Lost one, Birdie. Such is a brief outline of the life history of one who, by his own power, has risen from comparative obscurity to a position of honor and influence. He is indeed the " architect of his own fortune," and his life furnishes a most worthy example of what may be attained by constant, persistent, honest effort.

GULICK, W. P.-Was born January 26, 1833, in Warren county, New Jersey, where he was raised. He served an apprenticeship of three years as a miller, and for some five years was engaged at the milling business in Blairstown, New Jersey, and afterward for some three years he was engaged in the same business at Hackettstown. In 1866 he came West, settling in Toulon, Illinois, where he resided some three years, working at his trade.. After traveling around in various portions of Illinois, and taking a trip to California for the benefit of his health, he came to Iowa, locating in Davenport in 1872. During a portion of the time he resided in that city he was head miller in one of the large mills. He came from that city to Des Moines in 1874, and was engaged in the flouring mill on the East Side for some time. The. latter part of 1875 he, together with J. W. Dye, rented that mill, the partnership lasting for one year. Mr. Gulick then continued the business alone until January, 1880, when he formed a copartnership with M. Kennedy. He was married June 7, 1853, to Miss H. A. Myers, a native of Warren county, New Jersey. They have one daughter, by adoption, Luella C.

GUMP, J. F.-Proprietor of the Gault House. Was born in Ohio, June 28, 1827, and there was raised. After leaving school he learned the hatter's trade, following that business until 1848, when he engaged in the hotel business. In 1869 he went to Ottumwa, Iowa, where he continued.

814 BIOGRAPHICAL.

in the hotel business, and in 1864 came to this city. Is now proprietor of the Gault House, and is one of the oldest landlords in the city. An addition is now being built to this house, and it will in a few years rank with the best hotels of the city. With such a landlord it cannot fail to have a large patronage. Mr. Gump is the owner of a fine fruit farm situated about two miles from the city, in Valley township. Upon this farm is a fine brick residence, beautifully located. He was married in Ohio, November 16, 1847, to Miss Anna M. Leflar. They have four children: Libbie, Phebe, James and Ida. Lost one, Estella, and also an adopted daughter, Nettie Farirclougf.

GUTHRIE, A. W.-Attorney at law. Was born September 25, 1845, in Lancaster county, Pennsylvania. When nine years of age his parents removed to Iowa, locating in Jasper county. February 24, 1862, he enlisted in company B, Thirteenth Iowa infantry, serving two years, when he re-enlisted in the same company and regiment as a veteran, and served until the close of the war, participating in all the numerous battles in which his regiment was engaged. After the war be entered the Central University at Pella, remaining in that institution for two years, at the end of which time he was married to Louisa M. Penn. In 1867 he located in Washington township, this county, on a farm, where he resided until 1870,  during which time he bought and improved
a farm, working the farm in, summer and teaching school in the winter. In 1870 he removed to town; where he engaged in the dairying business, which he followed for four years, when he disposed of the same and entered the Iowa College of Law, graduating June 12, 1877. In the spring of 1877, while he was yet in the law school, he was appointed justice of the peace for Lee township, and in the fall following he was elected to fill the unexpired term. At the close of his term of office he engaged in his chosen profession, which he has since successfully followed. Have a family of four children living : Minnie L., George W.. Charles P. and Arthur J. Have lost one child, Ida.

HAHNEN, J. F.-Was born in Wurtemberg, Germany, Aug. 5,1838, and in 1854 emigrated to this country with his mother, settling near Lafayette, Ind. Three years later he came to this State, and crossed the Des Moines river on a pontoon bridge in the fall of 1857, and since that time he has resided here. On the 1st of September, 1861, he enlisted in the Second cavalry, then in the State service, and served until the time he enlisted in the United States service, March 8, 1864, in company D, Second Iowa cavalry. Was mustered out at Selma, Ala., Sept. 19, 1865. Was commissioned corporal and acting sergeant. He participated in about forty-five battles, among which were New Madrid, Island No. 10, Iuka, Corinth, Okalona, West Point (where he was wounded) and Grenada, besides many important and severe engagements. He always followed farming as his occupation until after the war, when he engaged in his, present business, that of a saloon proprietor. Has been a member of the police force of this city. He was married in 1866, to Miss Caroline Zelle, a native of Philadelphia, Penn. They have six sons and one daughter: Louis H., Jacob F., George F., Carl A., Willie, Arthur and Caroline Augusta.

HALLETT, DR. THOMAS A.-Was born in New London county,. Connecticut, October 21, 1835, where he was raised. His ancestors emigrated to this country from England among the earliest settlers. His grandfather was one of General Worthington's staff during the Revolu-

DES MOINES. 815

tionary War. Young Hallett was raised on a farm, attending school some. In 1854 he commenced a course of study at Charlottesville, N. Y., and graduated at the Normal School, Norwich, Conn., in 1856. He followed school teaching a portion of eight years. He came to Des Moines in 1857, and was for a time employed in teaching. In 1861 he began the study of dentistry with S. C. Brownell, working under his direction until 1863, when he bought out Mr. B. and established his present office, justly celebrated for its excellent work. He was married April 24, 1862, to Miss Minerva, a daughter of W. W. Jones. They have a family of six children: George E., Julia A., Nellie C., Minnie M., James G. and Charles H.

HAMMER, I. A.-Eclectic physician and surgeon. Was born in Jefferson county, Tennessee, May 19, 1827. When three years of age he removed, with his parents, to Madison county, Indiana, where he continued to reside until 1850. At the age of eighteen years he commenced the study of medicine with Dr. J. H. Cook, of Pendleton. After the usual course of study he commenced the practice of his profession at that place, continuing there until 1850, when he removed to Lisbon, Linn county, this State. In 1853 he graduated from the Eclectic Medical College at Cincinnati. He afterward studied law and was admitted to the bar in Linn county in 1860, and to practice in the Supreme Court in this city in 1879: In the fall of 1860 he removed to Newton, Jasper county, and to this city in 1874. Dr. Hammer was a member of the city council during the years 1878-79 and helped to revise the city ordinances and was also chairman of the judicial committee. In 1848 he was married in Madison county, Indiana, to Miss C. C. West, a native of Bucks county, Pennsylvania. Their family circle are: Fannie and Edward W. As a physician Dr. Hammer has been very successful, and by close attention to his calling, has built up a large practice and he is always a welcome visitor in the sick room.

HANAWALT, GEORGE P.-Physician and surgeon. Was born in Ross county, Ohio, on the 11th day of September, 1836, of American parentage, and traces his ancestry to German origin. He was educated in Ohio and studied medicine in the Georgetown Medical College, Washington, graduating in 1864. He was hospital steward in the U. S army from 1862 to 1864; upon receiving the degree M. D. he was discharged for promotion to act as assistant surgeon U. S. army in March, 1864, in which position he remained till 1868, when he resigned. He is a member of the Medical Society of the District of Columbia, also of the Alumni Society of Georgetown College, and was its vice-president in 1869-70. He settled in Des Moines in 1868 and engaged in general practice, but makes a specialty of surgery, for which his experience in the army so well qualified him. He has served as secretary of the Iowa State Medical Society, and as president of the Polk County Medical Society, and is a member of the board of examiners for pensions and division surgeon of the C., R. I. & P. R. R. Co. and Surgeon of the Des Moines & Fort Dodge Railroad Company. Dr. H. is a man of acknowledged ability as a physician, and his services are recognized by a host of appreciating friends, and his kind and sympathetic nature makes him a welcome visitor in the sick room. He was married in October, 1871, to Miss Emma Agnes, daughter of Hon. J. C. Jordan, one of Polk county's oldest and most honored citizens.

HARBACH, LOUIS- Mr. Harbach was born in the district of Wausan, Germany, November 22, 1838, and there he was raised, receiving the benefit of the excellent systems of common schools of that nation. In

816 BIOGRAPHICAL

1854, in company with his brother Christian, he came to America, stopping a short time at Mobile, Alabama, and thence he went to Louisville, Kentucky, where he learned the saddler's trade. In 1858 he came to Des Moines, and the two years following was employed by Terry & Butler as a saddler. In 1860 he joined his brother, who, in 1856, had started in the furniture business, in a small shop on Second street, between Court Avenue and Walnut. By diligent attention to business and the exercise of wise discretion in management, their business increased each year. New quarters were required, enlargements necessitated, until now the house has become the largest and most extensive in the State. A four-story brick and cut stone front building, one hundred and thirty-two feet deep, on West Third, is set apart for their retail trade, embracing furniture, upholstery and carpets of all grades from the most costly to the lowest. Another building on the same street is devoted exclusively to undertaker's goods. On Second street a building four stories high and one hundred and thirty two feet deep is devoted to wholesale trade, while another building is devoted to manufacturing and repairs. Their goods are mostly purchased of manufacturers in unfinished or "knock-down" shape, and finished or upholstered here, giving employment to a large number of men. The Kirkwood, the Aborn, the churches and most elegantly furnished residences in the city attest the skill and elaborateness of the establishment. Mr. Harbach purchased the interest of his brother and became sole proprietor. Starting with but little means, having divided his inheritance with his brothers and sisters, reserving one dollar out of five dollars, his increase in wealth and business has illustrated perhaps in a more noticeable degree than that of any other house in the city the rapid growth and prosperity of the city and surrounding country. He carries a permanent stock of $125,000. His wholesale trade is $100,000; retail trade, $125,000 annually. He was married September, 1862, to Sarah Harker, a native of England. By this marriage seven children have been born to them: Mary Jennette, Lizzie H., Louis F., Willie C., Leonard E., George R., Wilmot A. and Carrie M. All are living except Louis F.

HARRIS, H. C.-Of the firm of Osgood, Harris & Co., was born in Wyndham county, Vermont, September 11, 1844, where he spent the first twenty-one years of his life on a farm. In 1865 he engaged in the grocery business in his native State, and continued in it till 1867 when he removed to Des Moines. For nearly a year after coming to the capital city he was in the employ
of Ankeny & Dart, grocers. In 1868 he entered the dry goods house of G. R. Osgood, with which house he continued to be connected as clerk until 1874 when he bought an interest in the firm. Mr. Harris may be properly termed a self-made man. Commencing life without any capital except a good business education, a strong will and a persevering disposition, he has earned a place as a member of one of the leading mercantile houses of the West. He was married November 21, 1874 to Miss Mary E. Rawson. She was a daughter of Mr. A. Y. Rawson, a prominent business man of Des Moines.

HARLEY, JOHN-Harness maker, was born in Franklin county, Indiana, in 1842, and was taken by his parents in 1847 to Washington. Lived there until 1849 and then came to this county, locating in Crocker township. He was raised a farmer. In 1863 he came to this city and learned his trade with Frank Butler. He has been engaged in his present business

DES MOINES 817

since 1875. He was married in October, 1865, to Miss Belle Gregg. Their family consists of three children: William, Frank and Fred.

HARBACH, F., & BRO. Cigar manufacturers. This firm is composed of  F. and Charles Harbach. The former was born in Nassau, Germany; October 1, 1831. He learned the trade of shoe making in his youth and remained in his native country until twenty-two years of age and emigrated to the United States, and settled in Mobile, Alabama, and lived there seven months, and then went to Louisville, Kentucky, where he lived two years, and thence to St. Louis, and after a residence of five months came to this country in 1857 and entered the employ of Mr. Corning. He remained in this situation until 1861 and started in business for himself.  In 1864 he went to Montana, and returned the following year; and in 1866 engaged in his present business. He married Mary S. Schiesler on the twentieth day of November, 1860. She was born in Prussia. They have five children: Anna, Frank, Agnes, Mena and George.

CHARLES HARBACH, the junior member of the firm, was also born in Nassau, Germany, March 21, 1841, and learned the shoemaker's trade, and in 1861 emigrated to the United States and came to Des Moines. In 1865 he went to Germany and returned in 1866. He married Miss Lucy Emnerberg in 1868. She was born in Germany. They have three children: Emma, Mary and Clara.

HARTLEY, JOHN-Commission merchant and dealer in fancy groceries, was born in Preble county, Ohio, March 13, 1842, and at the age of nine years came with his parents to Indiana, where they resided until the spring of 1854. He then came to Iowa and located near Salem, Lee county, where he engaged in working on a farm. His occupation, until the spring of 1869, had always been farming and at that time he came to this city starting a small peanut stand under a canvass. The following fall he occupied a small room where he had choice fruits and vegetables, and remained there until the spring of 1875, when he built a brick store room, and in 1877, on account of increase in business, he was compelled to put on an addition of forty-four feet. He has a good share of the public patronage, and in addition to quite an extensive business, does considerable wholesaling. He commenced business without capital and has attained to a well merited success. Was married September 26, 1869, to Miss Mattie Osborn, a native of Indiana. They have three children living: Clifford C., Audra D. and Maud. One is deceased.

HARKNESS, W. K.-Grocer, was born in Cayuga county, New York, September 25, 1811, and was there raised and educated. In 1835 he removed to Ohio and located in Huron county, engaging in the mercantile business, which he continued about three years; then sold out and moved to the town of Republic, Seneca county, where he opened a general store. Here he remained about fourteen years when he went to East Saginaw, Michigan, there engaged in the manufacture of salt, continuing about three years; and in 1868 came to this city and bought the Callanan farm, near Redfield, Dallas county, containing about one thousand acres. Three years later he sold out and opened a large stock of staple and fancy groceries, at which business he has been successful. He was married June, 1839 to Miss Theoda Follett, a native of Vermont. They have three children living: Bella, Florence and Daniel. Lost two.

HARRIS, CAPT. W. J.-Proprietor of billiard hall and saloon. Was born in Owen county, Indiana, in 1822, and was raised on a farm, and when

818 BIOGRAPHICAL.

ten years of age he moved with his parents to Clay county, Indiana. In 1853 he came to this city and has since resided here. He was married in Clay county, February 28, 1848, to Miss Nancy Luther, a native of that county. They have a family of five sons and three daughters: Annie, Frank, William, Lincoln, Ettie, Minnie, Herman and Gurney.

HASTIE, ALEX-Of the firm of Reed, Hastie & Reed, real estate and abstract brokers, was born in Berwickshire, Scotland, on the fifteenth of  November, 1847, and when five years of age moved with his parents to this country and settled in Albany, New York. They resided there for two years and then came to this State, locating in what was then Polk county, but now a part of Warren county. He there engaged in agricultural pursuits, and followed the same until 1874 when he moved to Indianola. He was there employed by the county as Deputy Auditor for two years after which he came to this city and engaged in his present business, in 1876. He has been very successful and thoroughly deserves credit. He was married May 28, 1878 to Miss Mary L. Berry, a native of Belmont, county, Ohio, born November 23, 1839. They have one daughter, Gertrude.

HATCH, HIRAM B.-Was born in Orange county, Vermont, September 18, 1824. He is a descendant direct from Puritanic stock, his ancestors having emigrated from England, landing in Boston in the year 1650. His life was a struggle for a precarious living from the rock-bound soil of his native State. In 1848, being then twenty-four years of age, he removed to Rock Island, Illinois, where for six years he followed his former occupation. In 1854 he came to Polk county, Iowa, and settled in Des Moines, and with his brother, Hon. J. H. .Hatch, engaged in mercantile pursuits. The year following he purchased a farm in Saylor township, which he improved and three  years later sold; this farm is now known as the County Poor Farm. In 1858 he became a government  mail contractor, having the contracts to carry mail to Eddyville, Fort Dodge and Winterset. He has represented his ward in the city council. He was married on the eighteenth of November; 1869, to Miss Eliza Godson, born in Troy, New York.

EATH, HENRY R.-Proprietor of the Des Moines Oat Meal Mills, is a native of Tyringham, Berkshire county, Massachusetts, and was born on the 6th day of April, 1830. He is of Welsh-English ancestry, his progenitors emigrating to America before the revolution. In early life he attended the common schools, and at the age of fourteen years he engaged at  labor at different manufactories, working with machinery until twenty-five years of age, his specialty being sash, blind and door making. In the spring of 1856 he removed to Des Moines. He first engaged at carpenter and joiner work. After a journey to Pike's Peak, Colorado, he returned in the fall of 1861, and after following his chosen occupation until 1868, he commenced business on his own account. He established a business that has proved of much value to Des Moines as one of the branches of manufacturing industries that will make of the capital city the great central metropolis of the West. In 1879 he engaged in his present business, in which he has been favored with satisfactory results. His mills have a capacity of from one hundred to one hundred and fifty barrels per day, which finds a ready sale in the larger Eastern cities and European markets. He married Miss Edith A. Underwood in 1850. She is a native of Massachusetts. They have a family of three children: Charles H., Albert C. and Jim.

DES MOINES. 819

HEATON, W. N. Dentist. Among the numerous young business men of the East Side, none are more deserving of notice for sterling worth and straightforward business transactions than the subject of this sketch. Mr. Heaton was born in Washington county, Pennsylvania, October 31, 1847, where he was raised to manhood. He finished his educational studies at Mt. Union, Ohio, attending school there for two years. In 1874 he came West, locating in East Des Moines, where he has since resided, during which time he has been engaged in the dental business. He was married, in 1876, to Miss L. S. Willis, at Perry, Dallas county, this State. They have two children: Arthur D. and an infant.

HENRY, GEORGE F.-Attorney, was born in Chicago, Illinois, on the Twenty-seventh day of August, 1854, and from that place removed to Davenport, Iowa, and was educated at Griswold College. After deciding to make the practice of law his vocation for life he entered the office of Putnam & Rogers, and, after reading for some time with them, entered the Iowa University and was graduated from the law department of that institution in 1877. He then came to Des Moines and commenced the practice of his profession. He was united in marriage with Miss R. Casady, daughter of Hon. P. M. Casady, one of Des Moines' oldest and most honored residents, in November, 1879. She was born in this city.

HERRMANN, JOHN C.-Though young in years, deserves to be classed with the old settlers of Polk county, having been born in this city, January 11, 1859, and is a son of John and Anna, nee Heirb, Herrmann, who came to this city in 1854, where the subject of this sketch was raised., He enjoyed its best educational advantages, supplemented by a course in, the Notre Dame University, of South Bend, Indiana, from which institution he graduated with high honors, in the class of '79. He returned home and was in the employ of  L. Harbach as shipping clerk for about one year, when he became conversant with his present business. In April, 1880, he bought the furniture establishment of A. Hill, which he now owns. Mr. Hermann is a courteous gentleman with an extensive acquaintance.  He, bids fair to build up a business that will be a credit to the city of his birth.

HILL, J. G.-Physician and surgeon, was born in Shelby county, Ohio,: on the 4th of July, 1842, and when six years of age he left that State and accompanied his parents to Illinois. After residing there for a number of. years he returned to Ohio, but came again to Illinois, settling in Fulton. county. His early education was received at the Farmington Academy, of Farmington, Illinois, supplemented by a course at the College of Chillcothe, Illinois. He commenced the study of and read medicine with Dr. George W. Everets, at Toronto, Canada, and graduated from the Eclectic Medical Institute, of Cincinnati, in 1878. He came to Cedar Rapids in the winter of 1864, and, in 1878, to Des Moines, where he still engages in practicing and with good results. His marriage was in Galesburg, Illinois, June 27, 1865, to Miss Edith H. Owens, of Illinois. They have one daughter, Fannie.

HIRSCH, L.-L. Hirsch, the subject of this sketch, is a member of the progressive and popular clothing house of Hirsch Bros. He was born in Germany, October 25, 1845, and remained in Fatherland until sixteen years of age, when, imbued with the spirit of enterprise which has culminated in success, he turned his face toward the Sunset Land and in 1864 planted himself and his worldly possessions in Des Moines. He became a salesman in a store, winning friends and popularity by his urbanity and

820 BIOGRAPHICAL.

courteous  manners, until 1867, when he was admitted as a partner in the well established firm of Simon & Straus, continuing thus until 1874, when he, with his brother Henry, purchased the entire interest of the other partners. With an aim to please and satisfy the public they have year by year increased their business and enlarged their domains until they stand first in the one, and extend from street to street in the other. Starting life without money, Mr. Hirsch has won a most enviable success in business as the result of enterprise and thorough business capacity. January 11, 1876 he married Miss Matilda Bieringer, at Rochester, New York, and two children, Milton and Harry, have come to bless their home.

HORTON, J. A.-Of the firm of Horton  & Co., photographers, is a native Hawkeye, having been born in this State, January 24, 1851. He was raised as a farmer and followed that occupation until 1870, when he became engaged in teaching, and continued that until 1877. In 1872 ho learned the photographing business and still follows the same successfully, being a practical and skillful artist.

HUNTER, Dr. A. O.-Physician and surgeon. Is a native of Westmoreland county, Pennsylvania, and was born on the 26th day of October, 1836. When fifteen years of age his parents moved to Fayette county, same State. He received the advantages of a good academical education, and is also a master of the Latin and Greek languages. He read medicine with Dr. W. L. Lafferty, of Brownsville, for three years, and attended lectures at the Medical University of Philadelphia. After practicing his profession for one year in Greenfield, he commenced investigating homeopathy, and becoming convinced of its superior merits, he decided to abandon the allopathic system, and studied with Drs. Cote & Herron, eminent homeopathic physicians of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He graduated from the Cleveland Medical College and commenced practicing in the towns of California and Greenfield until 1868. He then came to this city and since that time has been identified with Des Moines' best interests. In his medical relations he has built up his reputation by skill and energy, and much of his success may be attributed to his careful attention to the details of his profession. He is a well-read man, of independent thought, and has strong convictions of his responsibility as a citizen. He was married in Uniontown, Pennsylvanian September 1, 1864, to Miss Eliza Heaton. Their family circle are: Guy and Fred, aged respectively thirteen and eleven years.

HUSSEY, TACITUS-The subject of this sketch, familiarly called. "Tac," is a Hoosier by birth and a Hawkeye by adoption. He first opened his eyes to sublunary things in the beautiful city of Terre Haute, Indiana, October 10, 1834. He developed into explosive boyhood with all that the term implies, and at the age of sixteen was inducted into the sublime duties of His Satanic Majesty in a printing office, which he performed with eminent satisfaction to himself, and the frequent emphatic dissatisfaction of the "fours." Graduating as master of his art he was attacked with the western fever, which carried him off, and he landed in Des Moines in 1855, when he entered the office of the Statesman, a paper which died more deaths and was raised more times than any hebdomedal sheet in the history of this county. Here he remained one year, when he entered the employ of Mills & Co., where he remained five years. In 1864 he struck hands with J. S. Carter and E. N. Curl, and embarked in business as printers and blank book makers, and thenceforward the firm have increased their business and profits, keeping pace with the growth and prosperity of

DES MOINES 821

the city and the development of the country. Without capital, except willing hands, earnest hearts and probity of character, they have established a name creditable to themselves and the city. Mr. Hussey is probably the oldest printer who has been in continuous service in the city. In business circles he stands high. In social circles he is much esteemed. He possesses a genial nature and a rich fund of quaint humor which wins friends. He is also an enthusiastic lover of field sports, and has run the race with them all as they have come and gone, except base ball. He never joined a league and parceled himself out to the surgeons for repairs. He is largely given to aquatics and archery, in the latter of which he is an adept, and has done much to encourage and popularize the healthful and invigorating game. August 18, 1859, he was joined in marriage with Miss Jennie Clement, a native of Poughkeepsie, New York, but the census-taker utterly failed at his door to gather any returns which shall serve to secure the expected one million and a half of population in Iowa for the present year.

INGALLS, REV. P. P.-Editor of the Iowa State Tribune. Among the leading Methodist clergymen of Iowa, and one who is as widely known, is the subject of this sketch, who was born in Franklin county, Ohio, on the 1st day of February, 1823, and was there raised. He was educated at the Ohio Wesleyan University, and when twenty years of age he entered the ministry at Portsmouth, and served the churches at Chillicothe, Zanesville and Marysville, Kentucky. In 1855, he came to Iowa and settled in Burlington, and from this place to Chariton, and had charge of the district as presiding elder. From Chariton he went to Mt. Pleasant, and in 1860 to Keokuk, and from there he entered the army as chaplain of the Third Iowa cavalry in 1861, serving until 1863, when he resigned and returned to Mt. Pleasant, and for six months was pastor of the M. E. Church at that place. He then engaged in the interests of the Soldiers' Orphans' Home, as Secretary. This institution was organized by private contribution, and had been unsuccessfully managed, but by his untiring zeal and energy and incessant labor, combined with eloquence, he raised eighty-five thousand dollars, and was instrumental in getting the  Legislature to adopt the institution in 1866. That same year he came to Des Moines, remaining for two years, when he went to Toledo, Ohio, and after a residence there of two years returned to this city and until 1875 was pastor of the Fifth Street M. E. Church. He then went to Kansas City, and after remaining there for six months was called to Iowa City, which was his home for two and a-half years, and returned to this city, where he became permanently located, and has devoted two years to the temperance missionary work, thus making an active service in the ministry for thirty-four years. He has pursued his chosen course with untiring zeal and with a success which has earned for him no inferior rank among, the preachers of the State. He is a man of strong, sharp intellect, untiring ambition, and as a pulpit orator has few superiors. In whatever he undertakes he throws his whole energy, and to this his success may be largely attributed. He is gifted with minor graces often denied men of studious habits, being genial, engaging and attractive in manner. He ranks high as a promoter of every good work and has made a record to which the limits of our space render it impossible for us to do justice. In December, 1879, he became editor and publisher of the Iowa State Tribune. Mr. lngalls has been twice married; first, to Miss Mary McDowell, on the 15th

822 BIOGRAPHICAL

of June, 1846. She was born in Knox county, Ohio, and died in 1861, leaving two children: Joseph and Ida (now Mrs. A. E. Swisher, of Iowa City). His second marriage  occurred November 20, 1865, to Miss Mary Kibben, of Mt. Pleasant, Iowa. By this union they have two children: James and Mary.

INGERSOLL, E. J.-President of the Hawkeye Insurance Company, is a native of Pulaski, Oswego county, New York, and was born March 28, 1828. He traces his ancestry to England, they having come to America previous to the Revolutionary War. Young Ingersoll lived with his parents until after his majority; he was educated in the common schools and in the academy at Mexico, New York, and Falley Seminary at Fulton, New York, when he entered the office of Judge Huntington of Pulaski. After about two years in the office he entered the law school at Balston Spa, where he graduated in the spring of 1852 with the degree of Bachelor of Law. In the following September he began the practice of law at Adams, New York, where he continued in a successful business until September, 1858, when he emigrated West and settled in Des Moines, Iowa, where he resumed the practice of his profession. In 1865 the Hawkeye Insurance Company was organized with Mr. Ingersoll as president. He had no intention of abandoning his profession, but in the fall of 1870 his increase of business, insurance and legal, compelled him to abandon one branch, which the force of circumstances, with money investments, decided in favor of his continuance with the Hawkeye.  Mr. Ingersoll is a man possessing great force of character and eminent business qualifications, energetic, persistent, faithful and reliable in all business undertakings, and as a manager and financier, has but few superiors. On the tenth of January, 1861, he was married to Miss Elizabeth Whitcomb of Adams, New York.

JACOBS, A. D.-Of the firm of Jacobs Bros., dealers in staple and fancy groceries. Was born April 14, 1854, in Carroll county, Illinois, and when nine years of age moved with his parents to Jasper county, this State. There he was raised on a farm and was educated in the common schools and Hazel Dell Academy of Newton. In the spring of 1878, he opened a general store in Newton and continued to keep the same until January, 1880, when he came to this city. He opened out a new and fine stock of staple and fancy groceries at his present place. Is unmarried.

JACOBS, H. F.-A brother of the above and his partner in business, was born May 13, 1859, in Carroll county, Illinois. He was there raised, and received his education in the common schools, and also the Des Moines Baptist University. January 1, 1880, he began business with his brother, and they, by fair dealing and strict attention to business, have built up a fair trade.

JACOBS, B.-Grocer. Was born in Mt. Carroll, Illinois, February 6, 1848, and at the age of fifteen years came to Iowa, locating at Cedar Rapids, where he lived for two years, and thence to Newton. He resided there four years, working on a farm. In the spring of 1869, he came to this city and entered the employ of Thos. Naylor, with whom he remained eight and one-half years. In September, 1876, he opened a grocery store in connection with Ira Critzer in the building he now occupies. In May, 1879, Mr. Critzer retired and was succeeded by C. E. Ford, and since that time the firm name has been Jacobs & Co. Mr. J. came to Iowa without .means and owes his success in business to his economy, prudence and good :management. He was married on the 11th day of September, 1870, to

DES MOINES. 823

Miss Mary E.Johnston. They have three children: Lutie, Ernest and Harry (twins).

JAMES, TOM-Of the firm of James & Pratt, photographers. Was born in Reddick, England, on the 24th day of January, 1853, and at the age of five years he emigrated with his parents to the United States, landing in New York, and from there went to Rhode Island, where he remained until 1859, then came to Iowa City, where he learned the photographers' business, and continued the same until the 14th of February, 1880, when he came to Des Moines. His gallery is one of the best in the city, finely furnished, etc. His marriage was in Iowa City, March 13, 1877, to Miss Fannie G. Berryhille, daughter of W. D. Berryhille.

JARRETT, GEO. L.-Of the firm of Johnson & Jarrett, manufacturing millwrights, was born in North Carolina, August 22, 1852. Some six years prior to forming his present partnership he was in the employ of Mr. Johnson a greater portion of the time as foreman of his establishment. In the spring of 1876 the present partnership was established, and they are now doing an extensive business in their line, their trade extending into Kansas, Nebraska and Dakota in fact this establishment is one of the permanent and growing industries of the city. Mr. J. was married in 1877 to Miss Elizabeth Wright, of Minneapolis, Minnesota. They have one child, John G. JENNINGS, A. C.-Principal of the Iowa Business College. Is a native of England, and was born on the 10th day of December, 1850, and when two years of age came with his parents to the United States. They settled first in Michigan, where they remained two years, and thence to Wisconsin, where the subject of this sketch was principally raised. He had the advantages of the common schools, supplemented with a two years' course at the University at Madison, and finished his course in the Business College of that place. He came to this city in 1874 and took charge of the Iowa Business College, an institution founded in 1865, and one that has steadily grown in reputation and well deserves the success attained.  Mr. Jennings was married in 1879 to Miss Gertrude Tregea, a native of Wisconsin.

JENKINS-, E.-Dealer in house furnishing goods, new and second-hand. Was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, February 15, 1849, and there grew to manhood and learned the trade of cabinet maker. During  the war he enlisted, February 22, 1863, at the age of fifteen years, in the Fifth Ohio cavalry as a bugler. He served in that position for some eight months, when he was promoted to orderly of his company, and was mustered out at the close of the war as commissary. After serving his time at his trade he went to Danville, Kentucky, where he was engaged in business some three years, and was there married on the 15th of June, 1869, to Miss Elizabeth Edwards. In 1872 he removed to Des Moines and has been engaged in his present business since 1875. Besides his store on the West Side, he has also recently opened out one on the East Side. Mr. and Mrs. J. have a family of five children: Nellie M., Maud L., Emma F., James W. and ,Charles G.

JOHNS, STACY-Of the firm of Stacy Johns & Co., dealers in boots and shoes, is deserving of more than a passing notice in this work. He is the son of John and Ann Johns, and was born in Burlington county, New :Jersey, on the 26th day of January, 1831. His father was a native of Delaware, and his mother was born in New Jersey. When the subject of this

824 BIOGRAPHICAL.

sketch was two years of age, he was taken by his parents to Summit county, Ohio, where he was raised with mercantile experience. In 1855 he came to this city and engaged in his present business, in connection with his father, and at the present time the house is the second oldest business firm in the city, Dr. Baker alone having priority, and few men have a better record and a marked characteristic during his entire career has been his untiring energy and enterprise. A man of determined purpose, he turned the whole current of his life force in one direction and as a result has secured that reward and success which must follow persistent, honorable effort, and while comparatively few business men are successful in these days of fluctuating strife and competition; but the subject of this sketch is an exception, and his private life and business record is without a stain. He was married to Miss Mary Doty on the 2d day of September, 1861; she is a native of Lockport, New York. Their family consists of five children: Carrie, Mamie, Nellie, Willie and Walter. Mrs. Johns is a daughter of Nathan and Johanna Doty. What is a remarkable circumstance in their family is that the father and mother of Mr. Johns and also of Mrs. Johns have both celebrated their golden wedding, and there was in attendance at the latter's the brothers and sisters (five in all) of the mother.

JOHNS, CALEB-Of the Union Coal Company. Was born in Wales, in 1833, and was raised there  on a farm until twenty years of age and then followed the occupation of miner. He emigrated to the United States in 1862, and settled in Trumbull county, Ohio, and lived there three years, and thence to Pennsylvania, where he remained one year, and returned to Ohio and after living in various places in the State, he came to Polk county, in August, 1875, and in company with others commenced mining on his own account. He has since purchased his partners' interest and is conducting it alone. He was married in 1862 to Miss Hannah Thomas, of Wales.

JOHNSON, HERBERT E.-Was born in Rochester, New York, June 20, 1856. His early youth was spent in this beautiful city of the Empire State, where he divided his time between the public schools and a book store, where he was part of the time employed as a clerk. In the fall of 1873 he removed, with his parents, to Iowa and located near Winterset, in Madison county. He completed the regular course of study at the Winterset high school and graduated in 1876. He afterward took a course of study at the State University at Iowa City and then entered the law office of A. W. C. Weeks, of Winterset. After spending quite a time in the study of law he was admitted to its practice, having been examined before the bar of Polk county. His office is with the State Insurance Company, whose attorney he is. He was married December 24, 1876, to Miss Margery Cooper, of Logansport, Indiana.

JOHNSON, A. T.-Was born in Harrison county, Ohio, April 19,1820. His, early youth was passed on a farm. When he arrived at the years of maturity he engaged in the stage business. He removed to Pittsburgh in 1844, where he was employed in stage, express and railroad offices for fourteen years. He was the first express agent west of the Alleghany mountains, and shipped the first Baltimore oysters that were sent to Chicago. In April, 1856, he removed to Des Moines, and entered the employ of the Western Stage Company, remaining with the company until July,. 1870. Since the Western Stage Company went out of existence, Mr. Johnson has been employed in the management of the Des Moines Omni-

DES MOINES. 825

bus line, of which he is proprietor. He was married June 15, 1848, to Miss Mary E. Smith, a native of Pennsylvania. They have two children, a son and a daughter, named respectively Frank and Kate.

JONES, A.-Dentist. Was born in Knox county, Illinois, April 9, 1843, and is a son of W. W. Jones, who removed with his family to Fort Des Moines in the spring of 1847. Here he lived four years, and then moved to Valley township, where young Jones was raised at farming, following this occupation, after completing his education, until called to the defense of his country. On the 20th of July,1862, he enlisted in company A, Twenty-third Iowa infantry, and served with that regiment until the close of the war, participating in the following engagements: Port Gibson, Champion's Hill, Big Black River Bridge, siege of Vicksburg, Red river expedition, and Spanish Fort. He returned to his home at the close of the war and commenced the study of dentistry, which he continued until 1867, when he followed his profession in different localities in this vicinity. In 1872 he opened his dental rooms in East Des Moines, and the year following removed to the West Side, and came to his present location in 1880. 'August 11, 1872, he married, in this city, to Miss May E. Daugherty, a lady whose grace of mind and person have endeared her to all who enjoy her acquaintance.

JONES, WM. M.-Of the firm of Jones & Blair, attorneys, is a native of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and was born of Welsh parentage on the eighth day of August, 1838. When thirteen years of age he was taken by his parents to Dayton, Ohio, where, until seventeen years of age, he was raised on a farm. He then read law, but before being admitted as a practitioner at the bar, engaged in railroading which he followed for a number of years with success, and when he left the business was the general western passenger and freight agent of the Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton Railroad. He removed to Indianapolis in 1870 and was admitted to the bar and engaged in the practice of his profession, and continued the same in this place until 1876, when he removed to Chicago and thence to Des Moines in the spring of 1877, and has taken a prominent place among the profession. He was married August 8, 1860, to Miss Caroline Faries, who was born in Butler county, Ohio, in 1843. They have four children: Charles J., born in March, 1862, (and at the present time a clerk in the Des Moines Bank), Naomi E. (born November), 1864, William M. (born October, 1867), and Edna (born in July, 1874).

JORDAN, HON. JAMES C.-The subject of this sketch was born in Harrison county, Virginia, March 4, 1813; his boyhood days were spent in the Old Dominion; in the fall of 1832 he moved with his mother and family to Michigan and settled near Niles, his father having died about one year before in Lewis county, West Virginia; here he was married, in 1833, to. Malinda Pitman, of Mount Vernon, Knox county, Ohio; he removed to Platte county, Missouri, in the winter of 1839, where he resided until the fall of1846, when he located in Walnut township, Polk county, Iowa, where he has since resided; he pitched his tent the first night under the oaks that. were soon to shelter his cabin, and whose now wide-spreading branches; shade his stately. mansion; the tent, the oaks, the mansion, have all grown in the thirty-four years since the weary pioneer halted to make this his life-long home; Mr. Jordan, well endowed in mind and heart by nature, and disciplined in the vicissitudes of frontier life, here struggled with great

826 BIOGRAPHICAL.

zeal for independence and few in his day and in his sphere have been as successful; as a farmer and dealer in stock he is widely and honorably known; something of the extent and success of his business is known by his income tax of nearly a thousand dollars a year to the government; in the days of State banks, he was one of the directors of the branch of the State Bank at Des Moines; the public life of Mr. Jordan began in 1854; he had always been a Henry Clay Whig; he was radically opposed to the "Kansas-Nebraska Bill," and at a sacrifice of personal interests he reluctantly accepted the nomination to the State Senate on that issue; he was elected by eighty-four majority, but owing to slight informalities in one or two townships, in Jasper county where he had a majority, his opponent was counted in and given the certificate of election; in the contest which followed for the seat, Mr. Jordan was successful, not however, until his opponent had enjoyed the privilege of voting for U. S. Senator; this wrong, however, was righted by the U. S. Senate sending the contest, which resulted in this election, back to the State Legislature for another election, when Mr. Jordan had the privilege of contributing his influence and ballot to the sweeping majority for Mr. Harlan for U. S. Senator; his term in the State Senate was marked by the struggle for location of the State Capitol, in which he was thoroughly in earnest, and which resulted in bringing it to Des Moines; it is with just satisfaction he looks back on his conflicts and triumphs of these early legislative days; he served for years as chairman of the county Board of Supervisors under the old law, and his sound practical judgment has been in demand in most of the public interests of the county in all these years; his public spirit is indicated in his gifts to public enterprises; when the Valley Railroad proposed to extend their line to Des Moines if seventy thousand dollars could be raised he was one of the two hundred to voluntarily tax themselves according to their last assessment, to make up that amount; it cost him about one thousand dollars in cash to do this; his gifts to the cause of education and religion would aggregate a small fortune; his conspicuous place in local politics could hardly fail to create some animosity, but his recent unsought nomination and enthusiastic election to the Legislature was a more mature estimate of his worth as a citizen, and a well deserved compliment to his loyalty to the party; Mr. Jordan, though raised on slave territory, has been a life-long enemy to slavery; his devotion to political life as a staunch :and stalwart Republican is the outgrowth of deep-seated conviction; it is among the pleasant things to remember, that under his protecting roof John Brown and his associates, with more than a score of recently liberated slaves, have offered their prayers and sung their first jubilee hymns on their way to Canada, in the old slave days; said Brown, when forecasting the next day's journey, with a view of safe quarters for the next night, "we can stay with our enemies but prefer to stay with our friends"; In the panic created in war time by fear of rebel raid on Des Moines banks, deposits and securities were privately removed from the city and secreted at Mr. Jordan's place.  He has been twice married and has raised quite a family; the children by first marriage are Benjamin P., Emma (now wife of Dr. Hanawalt of Des Moines), Henry C., John Q., James F., George B.; his wife by second marriage was Cynthia D. Sheppard of Yates county, New York; and the children by this marriage are Ella (now Mrs. Cook), Calvin, Eva, Eda (who died young), and Edward, all now, but the two above-named, living in Polk county; Mr. Jordan has been for fifty years a member and an earnest

DES MOINES 827

worker in the M. E. Church; he has been actively identified in all the church enterprises of half a century, and has liberally responded to calls for help in planting the institutions of Christianity in the new settlements of the West; under his roof was preached the first sermon, of which we have an authentic account, in this township; his home has ever been open to clergymen, and his hospitality has been enjoyed by many; the chapel which bears his name was built mostly by his personal donation; this type of manhood and sterling integrity of character has not been the product of school and college, but it has been developed and directed by the pulpit, the platform and the press.

KAHLER, CHARLES L.-Of the firm of Kahler & Co., dealers in boots and shoes. Was born in Germany, March 9, 1839, where he was raised. While young he learned the boot and shoe business, and followed the same until 1857, when he emigrated to America, landing in New York. From there he came to Iowa, locating in Davenport, and there followed his former occupation. In the fall of 1857 he came to this city, and has since resided here, dealing extensively in boots and shoes. His store is large and commodious. He was married in this city October 2, 1868, to Miss Mary Lehman. They have by this union a family of three children: Frank, Carl and Solomon.

KASSON, HON. JOHN A.-Is a native of Vermont, and was born in the town of Charlotte, Chittenden county, January 11,1822. He was deprived of the care of a father by death when six years of age, and he began early to be trained in the school of self support.. He received his primary education at the common schools and a county academy. He prepared for college in the city of Burlington, Vermont, where he entered the State University in 1838, and graduated in 1842. He had selected law as a profession, and began the study with his brother, Charles D., then a prominent lawyer of that State. His means being limited he was obliged to relinquish his studies for a while and sought employment as a teacher in Virginia. His residence there had much to do with the tone of his future political action on the slavery question. On his return from Virginia he resumed the study of law with Hon. Emory Washburne, of Worcester, Massachusetts, and after passing through many struggles and pecuniary embarrassments he was finally admitted at Lowell to practice in the State of Massachusetts. After his admission to the bar he went to New Bedford, where he entered the law office of Timothy Coffin, an eminent advocate. Here a year of additional study fitted him for a partnership with Hon. Thomas D. Eliot, afterward member of Congress from that district. After five years' practice in this State he decided to go where a larger field opened more avenues to a young man for a successful career. Accordingly he came West. At St. Louis he spent one year in the office of Hon. Joseph Crocket, and then opened an office of his own and gained a large practice. After six years of hard labor in his profession impaired health necessitated a change of climate, and in 1857 he established himself in Des Moines, in the practice of law, where his recognized talents soon gave him a large docket. In 1858 he was appointed chairman of the Republican State central committee. In 1860 he was a delegate to the Republican convention at Chicago which nominated Lincoln for President. In 1861 he was appointed by President Lincoln First Assistant Postmaster General, and it was the second nomination made by the President. In 1862 the State of Iowa became entitled to six representatives. The new Fifth district was

828 BIOGRAPHICAL.

composed of twenty three counties. While he was in Washington the Republican convention of that district offered him a nomination in Congress. He accepted, resigned his place in the post-office department, and actively entered upon the canvass, and was elected by a handsome majority. In 1864 he was re-elected and has left a record that will live in history through all time. At the close of his Congressional service, in March, 1867, he was solicited by the Postmaster-General to undertake the negotiation of new treaties with various European governments, which resulted in reducing postage to one half of former rates. During his absence he was nominate and elected a member to the General Assembly. In the summer of 1872 he was called upon to become a candidate for Congress, and after a spirited contest was nominated and elected. In 1874 he was re-elected to the Forty-fourth. He was appointed by President Hayes in 1877 as United States Minister to Austria, and during his absence has been nominated by his party as their representative to the Forty-seventh Congress from this district. Mr. Kasson is not an office seeker, in nearly every instance the office having sought the man. Few men of his age have a more brilliant record, and few, if any, ever held a more confidential place in the hearts of the people. In all his relations to society he realizes that he is one of the people, and that their interests are his interests, and in their prosperity alone can he prosper.

KAUFFMAN, B. F.-This rising young attorney of the firm of Nourse& Kauffman, was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, December 12, 1846. Soon after his parents removed to St. Louis, and from thence on account of the cholera scourge of 1849 in St. Louis, removed to Muscatine, Iowa. At Muscatine his mother died in 1849. In 1852, his father having again married, the family removed to Keosauqua, Van Buren county, where most of his boyhood days were spent, and where he began his education at a select school. He entered the State University in 1863 and graduated from the law department in 1866. He came to this city in 1864, his parents having removed here in that year, and after graduation engaged in the practice of his profession, commencing the practice in 1868. In January, 1869, he formed a partnership with Hon. C. C. Nourse, and the firm has taken front rank among the legal firms in the State. He is a man whose fine legal mind has been rendered more acute by constant study and practice. He was married on the 6th of September, 1871, to Miss Anna LeBosquet. They have two children: Frank and Alice. He has given to the study and practice of the law his undivided attention, having no other ambition than to attain the highest degree of success in his chosen profession.

KENNEDY, JOSIAH F.-Physician and surgeon. Was born January 31,1834, at Landisburg, Perry County, Pennsylvania, he being the second son of William and Mary A. Kennedy. He was educated at Williamsburg (Pa.) Academy, Dickinson College, Carlisle, Pennsylvania, where hegraduated in 1855; at Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, and at the medical department of the University of New York City, graduating from the latter institution with the degree of M. D. in March, 1858. During the years 1855-56 he was principal of the Berrysburg (Pa.) Seminary, and he became a medical student in the office of Dr. Isaac Pursell, now of Danville, Pennsylvania. After graduating he located at Mechanicsville, Iowa, in 1859. In 1861 entered the United States army as assistant surgeon, serving as surgeon in charge of Seminary Hospital, Georgetown, D. C., resigning in consequence of sickness. He re-commenced the private practice

DES MOINES. 829

of his profession in the fall of 1862, at Tipton, Iowa, and in 1870 removed to Des Moines, where he has since continued. He is a member of the State Medical Society, being now secretary. He was elected assistant secretary of that society in 1874. He is also president of the Polk County Medical Society, and two years served as secretary. He has contributed many valuable articles to the literature of his profession. Was professor of obstetrics in the Iowa State University from 1869 to the time of his removal to this city, and is at present the physician of Polk county having charge of the prison, alms-house, etc. July 13, 1858, he was married to Mary C., eldest daughter of Henry Reigart, Esq., of Tipton, Iowa. Their family consists of seven children: Anna S., Mary R., Carrie, Emery, Gertie, William and Karl.

KENNEDY, B.-Railroad contractor. Among those who have been prominently identified with the railroad building in Iowa as well as other states is the subject of this sketch. He was born in Ireland in 1828, and was raised there with a mercantile experience, and in 1852 emigrated to the United States and settled first in New York, and from there to Chicago, Illinois, and subsequently to Davenport, Iowa, and has been almost continuously engaged on public works since coming to the country, and has been connected as contractor or superintendent of the construction of nearly all the prominent railroads. He was married to Miss Honora McInerney, in 1854. She was born in Ireland. To them have been born nine children: Michael A., Maria A., Ellen B., John F., P. J., J. P., Honora, Cecilia and P. B.

KING, M. H.-Railroad contractor. Was born in Ireland, December 23, 1835, and when young his parents emigrated to the United States, locating in Chester county, Pennsylvania, where he was principally raised, attending school a short time in Harrisburgh. He afterward removed to Blairsville, Pennsylvania, and while residing there was engaged as a clerk most of the time. He came from there to Des Moines in 1856, and has lived here since. A portion of his first years in Des Moines he was in the employ of R. W. Clark and W. A. Scott, as clerk. He has been very prominent in the politics of the county, having held the office of County Supervisor, city clerk, justice of the peace, and been frequently elected a member of the city council, the latter position he is now occupying, having been elected in March, 1880. During the campaign of 1878 he was city editor of the Greenback daily People, and had the pleasure of seeing the most of the ticket he advocated, county, judicial and Congressional, elected. Of late years he has been quite prominently identified with railroad building, both in Wisconsin and Iowa. He was married in 1860, to Miss Rosa Ann Cassady, of Warren county, this State.

KOENIGSBERGER, JOHN-Dealer in harness, saddlery, etc., was born in Prussia, Germany, April 29, 1829, where he was raised and learned his trade. He emigrated to the United States in 1854,  and located in this city the year following, and since that time has been engaged in business the principal part of the time for himself. In 1871 he removed his business to the East Side where he now enjoys, a good trade. He was married in 1857, to Elizabeth Fillman, a native of Pennsylvania.

KOONS, J. H.-County Superintendent of Schools. Was born in Tippecanoe county, Indiana, on the 8th day of February, 1847, and was raised there until 1856, when he was brought by his parents to this county. His

830 BIOGRAPHICAL.

time in youth was divided between farming and attending school, and afterward in teaching. In 1861 he removed to Council Bluffs, and in 1862 returned to Indiana. In 1864 he enlisted in the First Indiana heavy artillery and served one year. He supplemented his education by attendance one year at Farmers' Academic Institute and two years at Earlham College. He returned to Iowa in 1868. Resumed his former occupation of teaching a portion of the time in the western part of the State. In 1870 and '72 attended the Iowa State University. He was for three years principal of the grammar department in the city schools previous to his election to the position of County Superintendent, in 1877. He was re-elected in 1879. He married Miss Emma E. Irwin, in May, 1877. She was born in Pennsylvania but a resident of this county for many years. They have one daughter, Edith Y.

KURTZ, CHARLES J.-Was born in Prussia on the 12th of May, 1839, and in 1854 emigrated to America, and for a few months lived in Allegheny, Pennsylvania, then removed from there and came to this State, settling in Lee county. He then went to Peoria, Illinois, where he lived for four years, and then came to Des Moines on the 12th of February, 1866. When young he learned the wagon-maker's trade, but never fol owed it as an occupation. For twelve years he was in the stove and hardware business in this city. He is now engaged in keeping a saloon on Walnut street, Was married in this county November 22, 1866, to Miss Catharine Munzemier, a native of Wurtemberg, Germany. They have three children living; Carl, Elizabeth and Flora.

LANGAN,THOMAS M.-Was born in Washington county, Pennsylvania, May 31, 1844, and in 1848 moved with his parents to the Western Reserve, Ohio, where he was raised on a farm. In the summer of 1863 he came with his parents to Iowa, locating in Jasper county, where they still live. In 1871 Mr. Langan returned to Ohio, locating in Norwalk, Huron county, and there engaged in the mercantile business for two years. In 1874 he returned to this State and engaged as a partner in the firm of Chapin Merritt & Co., of Des Moines, remaining with that firm until 1876, when he embarked in the enterprise with which he is now connected. The firm is known by the name of Rollins & Langan, and is the first exclusive paper house established in Des Moines. Mr. L. was married November 17, 1868, to Miss Marcia Lane, of Huron county, Ohio. They have a daughter, Gracie.

LEE, GEORGE W.-Attorney and counselor. Was born at New Ipswich, N. H., June 20, 1853. Son of Rev. Samuel and Lydia Coggswell (Wentworth) Lee. He was fitted for college at the Appleton Academy, and graduated at Dartmouth College in 1874. Was admitted to the bar in Warren county, Iowa, in 1875. He then became connected with the law firm of Bryan, Seevers & Lee, of Indianola, remaining there until 1876, when he came to this county and became a member of the firm of Maxwell, Lee & Witter. The following summer he withdrew from that firm on account of ill health and went East. He has since returned and resumed his practice.
 
LEFLER, JOHN C.-Was born July 15,1831, in Cincinnati, Ohio, and there was raised and learned his trade, residing in that city until 1856, when he removed to Iowa, settling in Keokuk, where he remained some two years. He then removed to Hamilton, Illinois, remaining there until 1867, when he came to Des Moines. During the rebellion he served in

DES MOINES. 831

company A, Sixteenth Illinois infantry, enlisting in March, 1863, and  remaining in the service until the close of the war, when he was honorably discharge. In the fall of 1872 he took charge of his present position on. the new capitol building, and has remained in charge of the same since, having under his supervision the entire brick work of the building. In December, 1851, he was married to Miss Susan E. Gilbert, also a native of Cincinnati. They have four children: George W., Harry C., Edward G. and William A.

LEHMAN, F. W.-Attorney. Among the rising young attorneys of this city is the subject of this sketch, who was born in Prussia, Germany, on the 28th day of February, 1853, and in 1856 emigrated to the United States, settling in Cincinnati. From this place he moved to Indiana, and thence to Missouri. Having a taste for literary pursuits, he attended school at Tabor College, Fremont county, Iowa, and selecting law as a profession, after due preparation he was admitted to the bar in March, 1873, and the same year settled in Nebraska City and formed a copartnership with Judge Mason, which continued until 1876, when he came to this city. He has since pursued his vocation with a good degree of success. In politics he is a Democrat, and possesses rare gifts as a public speaker, carrying force and conviction in his words, and his party finds in him an able advocate of their principles. He is a fine conversationalist, and a most excellent social companion. He was married in December, 1879, to Miss Nora  Stark, of this city.

LENDRUM, GEORGE-President of the Eagle Iron Works. Was born in New York on the 31st day of July, 1827, and lived there until fifteen years of age, when he went to Albany and learned his trade, which he followed until 1850. He then went to California, and after a residence of two years and a half in the mines, with reasonable success, returned to the States. In 1853 he came to Iowa, settling in Burlington, where he lived until the panic of 1857, which led him to go to Shrevesport, La., remaining there until the outbreak of the war. He came to Polk county in 1863, and the estimation in which he is held by his fellow citizens may be inferred from the fact that he served five years as City Alderman and four years as Sheriff. He was married in 1853, to Miss Julia Bain, a native of Argyle, New York. They have three children: George, Jennie and Ida.

LITTLETON, A. D.-Sheriff. Was born in Fayette county, Ohio, on the 4th day of November, 1834, and lived there until fifteen years of age, at which time he came to Iowa. He received the advantages of the common schools in his youth, and supplemented them by attendance at Mt. Pleasant. In 1860-61 he was engaged in teaching, at the same time pursuing the study of law, and in 1862 was admitted to the bar. He enlisted in the Twenty-ninth Iowa infantry as a private, and was mustered out to accept commission as first lieutenant and adjutant in the Fifty-fourth Iowa, which position he held until the close of the war. In 1863 he settled in Walnut township and engaged in agricultural pursuits. In 1879 he was elected Sheriff of the county. He was married to Miss Sarah Clark, in January, 1862. She is a native of New York. They have four children: Eddie A., Lucy E., Rose and Thomas.

LONG, MATTHEW-Secretary of the State Insurance Company. Is a native of Columbus, Ohio, and was born on the 3d day of August, 1824. At the early age of eleven years he entered the office of the County Treas-

832 BIOGRAPHICAL.

urer of his native county as deputy, holding the office until seventeen years of age. His duties requiring his attention there during the winter, he attended school during the summer months. He then entered Central College of that county, and after finishing his collegiate course, engaged in the book trade, continuing that for seven years, first as a clerk and then as a partner. In 1863 he removed to Iowa, settling in Iowa county, and engaged in farming. He was prominently identified with the interests of the county, serving as President of the Agricultural Society for five years, and was elected to the Senate of the Twelfth General Assembly of the State Legislature, representing the counties of Iowa and Poweshiek, and of the Thirteenth General Assembly, representing Iowa county. In 1873 he came to this city and connected himself with the State Insurance Company, of which he is now its efficient Secretary. Mr. Long has much force of character, and in every public position he has left a clear and honorable record. He was married in 1846 to Miss Mary T. Tuttle, a native of Newark, N. J. They have five children: William L. (Superintendent of Public Schools in Mills county), Maggie E. (now Mrs. A. Gay); Jacob T. and Ellen.

LOVE H. K.-President of the Iowa National Bank, is a native of Virginia, and was born on the twenty-first day of April, 1821, and resided in is native place until his removal to Ohio in 1832. He was raised with a mercantile experience, and in 1856 removed to Iowa and settled in Lee county, and made his home in Keokuk until 1868 when he went to Dubuque and thence to Des Moines in 1876. He was one of the organizers of the Iowa National Bank in 1875, and has been President of the same since that period, and as a successful banker few men possess more fully the entire confidence and respect of their acquaintance. In 1868 he was appointed clerk of the United States District, and in June 1880 a law went into effect whereby the clerk of the United States District Court became clerk of the United States Circuit Court, for all places in the State in which the United States Circuit Court is held, except Des Moines. He was married in 1853 to Miss Florence Otis of Brooklyn, New York. Their family consists of five children: Mary 0., Lucy, Fanny, Martha and Otis Gray.

LOUNSBERY, GEO.-Saloon. Is a native of Elmira, New York, born there September 12, 1835. When about seventeen years of age be left there and came to the State of Illinois. Then to Nebraska, and from there to this city in 1874. When fourteen years of age he began the trade of carriage-making, which he afterward followed for some time, and since he gave up his trade has been connected with various lines of business, among which were the coal, grocery and livery business, and the latter he has made his principal business up to the time he engaged at his present occupation. His marriage was in McLean county, Illinois, July 24, 1861, to Miss Martha J. Vanderbilt, a native of the State of Pennsylvania, and by this union they have a family of five children living, three sons and two daughters: Sarah E., John, Richard, George and May.

LOWRY, WILLIAM -Of the firm of Richter & Lowry, dealers in choice groceries, provisions, etc. One of the self-made and truly successful men of Des Moines, may be mentioned the subject of this sketch, who was born, in Lancaster county, Pennsylvania, February 14, 1835, and is a carpenter by trade. He came to Davenport, this State, in July, 1855, and in October, 1856, came to Des Moines and helped to complete the old capitol building. Some time afterward, his health failing, he was compelled

DES MOINES. 833

to change his business. He took the position as clerk for J. M. Moody, .and while in his employ was elected city treasurer for three successive terms,1871-2-3. In 1873 he was elected County Treasurer, and December first of that year resigned his city treasurership in order to qualify for the latter named office, serving in that capacity for three terms. He has been engaged in his present business since January 26, 1880. As a citizen he is public spirited, ever identified with the best interests and substantial progress of the city. As an official he was courteous, kind and obliging. He was married in this city to Miss Mary E. Turney, in 1860. She is a native of Somerset county, Pennsylvania. They have by this union three sons and two daughters: William R., Frank, John D., Mary E. and Alice T. Lost one son, Mark.

LYON, JONATHAN-One of the early settlers of Des Moines, is a native of Pennsylvania, and was born on the 23d day of December, 1804. He removed from his native State when young to Indiana and settled near Salem, and was for many years engaged in the milling business. In 1848 he came to Des Moines and was one of the first and prominent merchants. After selling goods for two years he was more or less engaged in real estate operations. He married Miss Eliza Bowner in 1833. She was born in Columbiana county, Ohio, January 23, 1813, and died in this city in 1874, leaving nine children: Henry H., Amanda E.., Laura J., Charles J., Cornelia, Jonathan, Florence and Thomas A.

LYON, HARRISON-Retired farmer. Was born October 16, 1811, in Madison, Indiana, and resided in that State until he came to Iowa, locating in Fort Des Moines in 1852, although he had made arrangements two years prior to make this his future home. When he located in this city the East Side was a barren waste the business being on the West Side. A portion of where the business of the East Side is now done was then in timber. When the capital was located he presented to the State half of the ground now composed in Capitol Square. He has, therefore, seen the East Side grow from a sparsely settled wilderness to a thrifty city of over eight thousand people, with fine business houses and palatial residences in abundance. He was united in marriage to Sarah N. Bonner, in 1842. She is also a native of Indiana. They have five children living: Thomas B., Eliza T., Franklin, John and Margaret E. (now Mrs. H. C. Senteny). Mr. Lyon built the first house ever erected on Capitol Hill, the brush adjacent to his dwelling being so thick that it was almost impossible to penetrate the same. For several years past be has been living in retirement, occupying his time in looking after his property interests.

McCALL, JOHN A.-Attorney. Was born in Polk county in 1852, and is the son of Thomas and Sarah McCall, who were among the early settlers of the county, they having settled in Camp township in 1846. When the subject of this sketch was seven years of age they removed to Story county, where young McCall was principally raised. He made choice of law as a profession and was educated at the State University and admitted to the bar in 1872. He returned to Nevada and engaged in the practice of law. In 1875 he came to this county and at present occupies the position of county attorney. He was married to Miss Gertie Hutchins in 1878. She was a resident of Story county, but a native of Illinois.

McCALL, J. N.-Was born in Syracuse, New York, June 3, 1842, and lived principally in that State until he removed to this city in 1877. He learned the trade of a machinist when young and has followed that busi-

834 BIOGRAPHICAL.

ness as an occupation through life. On the twenty-fourth of September, 1864, Miss Mary E., daughter of J. S. Kenyon, an eminent physician of New York, became his wife. She, in early youth, made the most of the advantages offered in her father's library, and chose medicine as her principal study, making the treatment of cancers a specialty, in which she has been very successful. They have a family of two children: Frances J. and Harry K.

McCAIN, SOLOMON.-The student of history will remember the reign of Charles II, one of the most dissolute and profligate monarchs who ever disgraced a throne, and his bloody persecution of the Scotch covenanters, when their heads and quarters rotted on poles in all the streets and market places of Somersetshire and Dorsetshire; when aged women held, in high honor for their piety and charity were, for the most trivial offenses,. beheaded or burned alive; when one-third their estates were confiscated to furnish money to gratify the greed of this monster and his dissolute habits; when Catholics were permitted to build chapels and parade the streets, while Presbyterians were forbidden to worship God anywhere except in private dwellings; or to build meeting houses, or even occupy a barn, and if they dared to hold meetings in the open air they were beheaded. During this persecution in 1651 two brothers, Donald and O'Brion MacCain, with three sisters and their husbands, Canaday, Moffett and Bucanon, together with their families, oppressed beyond endurance by the persecution which was waged against their religious notions, resolved to sacrifice their worldly possessions, home, kindred and all that was dear to them in the land of the shamrock and thistle. They went to the north of Ireland, where they again began the battle of life, joyous in the hope that there they could worship God according to the dictates of their own conscience and the faith of their fathers. They prospered and were happy, but in 1689 James II, successor to Charles II, invaded Ireland, and the war between church and the king was raging, the king desiring to abolish all religious creeds except the Catholic. This little band of covenanters again, became alarmed, and William Moffett, the great great grandfather of Mr. MacCain, fearing that his religious notions would cause him further trouble, gathered together his family, left his luxurious borne and worldly estate, turned his back upon the green isle, and sought refuge in the home of the free, landing at Perth Amboy, New Jersey. He settled in what subsequently became Somerset county. There he reared anew his family altar and made a pleasant, happy home, amid the companionship of others who joined him from Ireland. He was a brave and efficient officer in the Revolutionary war, taking a conspicuous part in the battles of Trenton, Princeton, Camden and many others. In 1738 John MacCain, a grandson of Donald, landed at the same harbor, where his ancestors had, fifty years before, first set foot on American soil. It was about this time that their name was changed, and it became McCain. Soon after his arrival John McCain married Elizabeth Logan, a woman of Scotch descent, by whom, he had six sons: Richard, John, Daniel, William, James and Robert; and two daughters, Mary and Elizabeth In. 1788 John, one of the sons, and the father of the subject of this sketch, married Mary Moffett, the great granddaughter of William Moffett, who came to America in 1688. In 1793 John McCain, with his family, removed to Fort Washington, on the Ohio river, where now stands the city of Cincinnati. The journey was made with wagons and on flat-boats. The first year after his arrival there

DES MOINES. 835

he removed the timber and brush from a few acres of ground and raised a small crop to supply the needs of his family. That "clearing" is now what is known as "the square," north of Market and west of Main streets, in the heart of that city. In 1794 he removed to Fort Hamilton, and it was near that locality Solomon McCain was born, August 19, 1810. There he passed his early youth, mostly upon a farm. When twelve years of age his father died, and thenceforward he was thrown upon his own resources to obtain a livelihood. He was ambitious and energetic and greatly desired an education, to secure which he made many extraordinary ventures. In 1824 he went to Maryland, where he engaged in various occupations, meeting with continued reverses, which only increased his zeal, aroused his courage and strengthened his resolve to win success and establish a reputation worthy of his ancestral name. In 1832 he went to Knightstown, Indiana, and was employed as salesman in a store. He soon became a partner in the business with a Mr. McCall. The following year he purchased the interest of his partner. In 1834 he disposed of his business and traveled through Michigan and Illinois and returned to Knightstown, when he entered the drug business, which he continued until 1840, when he sold out and came to Iowa. He made investments in Burlington and returned to Knightstown, where he again engaged in mercantile business until 1842, when he entered the employ of the Knightstown & Shelbyville Railroad Company, where he remained two years. In 1855 he came to Des Moines and entered 600 acres of land and returned to Knightstown, when he was prostrated by severe illness. On his restoration to health he, in 1856, with his family, removed to Des Moines, then but a mere hamlet. He purchased eighty acres of land adjoining the now city limits on the west and a whole block on Walnut street, corner of Sixth, eastward to the alley, both of which investments proved highly remunerative. He lived long enough in the home of his adoption to see his family pleasantly and happily situated. He died November 11, 1857. He inherited from his ancestors those strong religious principles, those sterling traits of character, which made him a model man. He was actuated always by the best and purest motives. He carried with him to the grave those deep religious convictions which had come down to him from the old Scotch covenanters in the days of Cromwell. He was kind and generous, courteous, but inclined to be reserved in his manner. His heart and hand was in all good works, and his name is greatly revered by the early settlers contemporaneous with him. He was an active, honored member of the Masonic order and he observed all its obligations and duties with that fidelity and zeal, which characterized his religions faith. June 24, 1840, Miss Margaret Ann Davis, of Henry county, Indiana, became his wife, a woman of rare personal attraction and accomplishments. At the death of her husband she found the great burden of life thrown upon her. She proved nobly equal to the task, and with most excellent wisdom she managed the affairs of her husband and raised to majority her children, who have proved an honor and a blessing to her name. Five children were the result of the marriage: George D., Walter M., Mary Frances, Flora Belle (now the wife of John W. Chase). Mary Frances died in 1860, at the age of twenty. Another child died in infancy before the family came to Iowa.

McCLELLAND, W.- Mr. McClelland was born in Cecil county, Maryland, September 3, 1831, where he passed his youth. At twelve years of age he began an apprenticeship to the trade of carpenter and builder. He

836 BIOGRAPHICAL.

Subsequently added to these the trade of millwright. In 1849 he came to Des Moines, which was then a mere hamlet, and known as the "Fort." The country was new and sparsely settled. Mills were few and far between. Oskaloosa, Fairfield and other equally remote points were the nearest accessible mills. Mr. McClelland was, therefore, the right man in the right place, and eleven mills in this and adjoining counties erected by him attest the fact. He relates many incidents of those early days of Polk county and adjoining counties, and has a vivid recollection of the privations endured by the pioneers. In the winter of 1855-6 he was building a mill in what is now Greene county, which was then the frontier of settlements. The weather was severe and the settlers were poorly protected against its inclemency. Their cabins were rudely constructed of logs, with puncheon floors. They answered very well in summer, but in winter there was too much ventilation; very few, if indeed any, families in that section escaped freezing more or less that winter. Owing to frequent and continued exposure in 1856, Mr. McClelland was prostrated with rheumatism, and was finally compelled to abandon his trade, and he has now retired from active business, and is enjoying the evening of life as pleases him best:

MCCLELLAND, GEORGE F.-Attorney at law and Justice of the peace. Was born in Rensselaerville, Albany county, New York, September 24, 1845, and is consequently in his thirty-fifth year. His father was a blacksmith by trade. Our subject lived in New York until twelve years of age, when, with his parents, he came to Iowa, in 1858, settling in Cedar county, near Tipton. He attended the State University at Iowa City, and graduated there from in 1872, receiving two degrees. During the year 1875-6 he completed the law course in the same institution, graduating with the degree of LL. B. In August, 1876, he commenced to practice in this city. In the fall of 1878 he was elected justice of the peace, which office he now hold. He was married July 17, 1879, to Miss Charity Willsey, of Des Moines. She is a native of Canada, born near Montreal. Mr. McClelland is a close student in matters pertaining to his profession, and though yet a comparatively young man, he has a long career of usefulness in store for him.

McDONNELL, N. S.-Proprietor of the Des Moines Steam Boiler and Iron Works, was born May 8, 1841, in Ireland, where he resided until 1857, when he immigrated to the United States and located in Goldsburg, Pennsylvania, and there resided but a short time, when he went to Memphis, Tennessee, where he learned the trade of a boiler-maker in connection with his late partner, Mr. James Marla, now deceased. He worked there until June, 1861, when he came to Des Moines, and engaged in his present business. He is now doing a very large business, his trade extending through central, southern and western Iowa, and into Nebraska. His works have long since become one of the permanent industries of the city, and he is continuously adding improved machinery in order to facilitate business and keep up with the increased demands being made upon his house. He has been very successful in business, having come to Des Moines a comparatively poor boy, and by patient industry and strict attention to business has been able to accumulate considerable of this world's goods.

McHENRY, M. D.-Attorney. Was born in Washington county, Kentucky, on the 21st day of September, 1806, and was raised there until he attained his majority, In acquiring an education he had the personal supervision of his father as instructor. At the age of twenty he commenced

DES MOINES. 837

the study of law, and in November, 1827, he was admitted to the bar. He engaged in the practice of his profession in his native place until 1835, when he removed to Shelby county, where he was elected Prosecuting Attorney. In 1844 be was elected to represent his district in the Senate of the State Legislature, and re-elected to the same office in 1846, and in 1849 was elected Judge of the. Circuit Court. In 1856 he came to Iowa and settled in Des Moines, where he has since pursued his chosen calling. In 1878 he was elected police judge of Des Moines, and held the office two years. He was united in marriage with Miss Mildred Merriwether, of Shelbyville, Kentucky. She is a niece of Hon. David Merriwether, -Governor of New Mexico. By this union they have six children: two sons and four daughters.

MAISH, GEORGE H.-Cashier of the Iowa National Bank. A native of York county, Pennsylvania.  Was born September 30, 1835, and during his earlier years had the advantage of a common school education. At the age of seventeen he placed himself in the employ of Messrs. P. A. and S. Small, machinists of York, Pennsylvania, and after remaining with them a period of nine years formed a partnership with Mr. John M. Brown, and during the next four years was engaged in the coal business, with good success. During that time he became well known as a thorough and competent business man, and at the earnest solicitations of the board of directors of the old York Bank, accepted the position of teller in that institution. After four and a half years of most satisfactory service he relinquished his position, and removing to Iowa, settled at Des Moines, where, with his brother-in-law, Charles A. Weaver, under the firm name of Weaver & Maish, he engaged in the drug business. To this business he gave. his close attention until the fall of 1875, when, with other gentlemen, he organized the Iowa National Bank of Des Moines, and was elected to his present position of cashier of the same. As a business man Mr. Maish has from the first been eminently successfully. Beginning without capital other than his own native abilities, and prompted by the ambition to become known as an upright, honorable, and influential man, he has by his own effort gradually risen to his present commanding position. And his life history furnishes a worthy example to young men who aspire to dignity and nobleness of character, He was married on the 1st of October, 1857, to Charlotte E. Weaver, a native of York, Pennsylvania. They have seven children living: William W., Anna K., Harriet J., Albert G., Mary M., Georgia E. and Lottie. One, Charles E., is deceased.

MASON, JOHN F.-Manufacturer of sheet iron, tin and copper work. Was born in New York, September 10,1848, and in 1858 removed to Iowa and settled in Van Buren county, where he commenced his trade in 1871. The house of Mason & Co., which was established in 1869, and of which E. R. Mason is senior partner, commenced doing business in Des Moines, and the subject of this sketch has charge as general manager. Their business is an exclusive wholesale one. Their trade extends though Iowa, Kansas, Nebraska and Utah; are the patentees and manufacturers of the Hawkeye lantern, one of the best in use, and in which they have succeeded in  building up a large trade. Mr. Mason was united in marriage with Miss Anna B. Montague, in 1868. She was born in Grandville, Ohio. They have four children: Charlie F., Kittie A., Hattie N. and Fannie C. MASON, E. R.-Clerk of the United States Circuit Court, Des Moines. Is a native of Franklinville, Cattaraugus county, New York, and was born on the

838 BIOGRAPHICAL.

18th day of December, 1846, and lived in his native place until eleven years of age, and then came with his parents to Van Buren county, Iowa. He came to this county in 1869, and in 1870 was appointed Deputy Clerk of the United States Circuit Court, and continued in this position until January 1,1876, when he was appointed Clerk of the same court. Mr. Mason is also a senior member of the firm of Mason & Co., mention of which is made in another part of this work. Mr. Mason is one of those fortunate individuals who almost invariably succeed in what they undertake, and to no one man in Central Iowa are the citizens more indebted for the impetus to the raising of fine horses than the subject of this sketch, and his horses, Alamo and Primo have a State-wide reputation. He is a man of quick perception, clear judgment, and a high sense of honor, and in the positions of trust to which he has been called to fill he has discharged his duties with scrupulous care and fidelity. He was married May 31, 1870, to Miss Alice Losie, of Cleveland, Ohio, who was born in 1853. They have one daughter, Etta R.

MAHANA, J. O.-One of the most sagacious and successful business men of Des Moines, was born in Waynesburg, Greens county, Pennsylvania July 15, 1829. His father was Captain Bradley Mahana, who came to this State in 1855, and settled at Iowa City, and was commissioned captain of the first company which enlisted from Iowa during the late war. He with three brothers were in the service of their country, the family giving sixteen years of active service in the suppression of the rebellion. His mother was a daughter of William Seals, Esq., a native of England, who came to this country and settled in Waynesburg, Greene county, Pennsylvania, and became one of the most prominent merchants of the State. The subject of this sketch early commenced his mercantile career, which he has since followed with signal success. After three or four years experience in his native State, while yet a young man, he became impressed with the advantages offered to men of industry and integrity in the West, and in 1854 emigrated to Cincinnati, Ohio, where he was for five years in the employ of Ringwalt & Avery, carpet dealers. From this place he went to St. Louis, and entered the employ of A. McDouree & Co., the most prominent carpet house of that city. September 12, 1862, he received a lieutenant's commission from Governor Gamble, and was engaged for some time in organizing and drilling men for the service. In 1864 he came to Des Moines and bought a stock of goods on wagons, opened a store on Second street under the firm name of Luce & Mahana. The first year their business increased to such an extent they were compelled to build more commodious room on Court Avenue, and their business here kept apace with their accommodation. In 1870 Mr. Mahana removed to his present location, No. 303 Walnut street, and has since continued the business alone. In 1876, in connection with his retail trade, he opened an auction and wholesale house, corner of Third and Walnut streets, and in this department is conducting a successful business. He has built up his business upon the sure foundation of fair dealing with all men, and as a prominent, influential and thoroughgoing business man, he has done his full share in contributing to Des Moines, commercial supremacy. He was married in 1865 to Miss Sarah, daughter of William Shaw, of Newburyport, Massachusetts. They have a family of four children: Kittie G., George S., Cornelia (who took the first premium at the exposition fair in 1877), and Jessie O. They have lost one daughter Mary Seals.

DES MOINES. 839

MAXWELL, MRS. S. B.-State Librarian. Mrs. M. came to Iowa with her husband the latter part of 1863, locating in Guthrie county. He was a member, during the rebellion, of the Third Ohio cavalry, enlisting in 1861, and serving over two years. At this time he was compelled to leave the service on account of ill health. He was captain of company A, of that regiment. He was elected Clerk of the Courts of Guthrie county in 1864, holding that office for four years. He also represented Guthrie county in the Fourteenth General Assembly. Mr. M., together with their oldest son, was murdered by a negro in New Mexico in 1877. Mrs. M. was appointed State Librarian by Gov. Gear in 1878, and reappointed to the same position in 1880, an appointment worthily bestowed upon a painstaking and excellent official.

MERRILL, HON. SAMUEL-Was born in the town of Turner, Oxford Maine, August 7, 1822, and is of English ancestry. At the age of sixteen be moved with his parents to Buxton, where his time was mostly engaged in turns at teaching and attending school until he attained his majority. Having determined to make teaching a profession, he set out for that purpose toward the sunny South, but, as he says, he was "born too far north," for his political comfort. Suspicion having been raised as to his abolitionist proclivities, and finding the elements not altogether congenial, he soon abandoned the land of the palm and the palmetto, for the old Granite State, where he engaged for several years in farming. In 1847, he moved to Tanworth, New Hampshire, where he embarked in the mercantile business, in company with a brother. In this, as in all his industrial enterprises, he was quite successful. In 1854, he was elected to the New Hampshire Legislature, at the same time Gen. N. B. Baker was Governor of the State. In 1855 he was returned a second term to the Legislature. Not being satisfied with the limited resources of Northern New England, he determined to try his fortune on the broad prairies of the new and more fertile West. Accordingly, in 1856, he turned his face toward the setting sun. He made a final settlement at McGregor, Iowa, where he established a branch house of the old firm. McGregor, was then a small village with a few scattering houses, and surrounded by a country with a sparse population. But immigration poured in rapidly, and with increased population their trade increased until their house became one of the most extensive establishments on the Upper Mississippi river. This result was owing to his correct and energetic business qualities. In Iowa he was equally fortunate in securing the good will of those who knew him. His neighbors, and those who had dealings with him, found a man, honest in business, fair in his dealings, social in his relations, and benevolent in his disposition. He took and active interest in the prosperity of the town and ever held an open hand to all needed charities. These traits of character had drawn around him, but not realized or intended by himself, a host of personal admirers. This goodwill resulted in his being nominated for a seat in the State Legislature, and the only one elected on his ticket. The session of the Legislature, which convened in January, 1860, was composed of some of the best minds in the State, and did more real, hard service than any session held in Iowa before, or since that date. He continued in business at McGregor until the summer of 1862, when he was commissioned as colonel of the Twenty-first Iowa volunteer infantry, proceeding immediately to Missouri where active service awaited him. At the battle of Black River Bridge Col. Merrill

840 BIOGRAPHICAL.

was severely wounded, and this brought his military career to a close. Suffering from his wounds, he resigned his commission and returned to McGregor, but was unable to attend to his private affairs for many months, and is still, at times, a sufferer from his "tokens of remembrance," received on the battle-fields of freedom. In 1867 he was selected by the Republicans as their standard bearer for Governor, and again in 1869 was elected to the same position, and probably no incumbent of that office ever devoted himself more earnestly to the public good. He was one of the organizers of the Citizens' National Bank, of which he is now President. Has been twice married, first to Miss Catherine Thorns, who died in 1847, but fourteen months after their marriage. In January, 1851, he was again married, his second wife being a Miss Hill, of Buxton, Maine. By this union they have a family of two sons and a daughter living.

MERRILL, KEENEY & CO.-This firm is located at number 314 Walnut street, and is engaged in the furniture, carpet and upholstering business. Mr. William Merrill was engaged at Davenport, in 1854, as foreman in a furniture factory. While there he met Thomas S. Keeney, and the two determined to establish a business of their own. They came to Des Moines in 1861, and formed a partnership for the purpose of carrying on the furniture business in Des Moines. The business was carried on by the two till August, 1865, when John H. Merrill was admitted as a partner. Since that time the three partners have continued the business.. The management has been prudent, judicious and energetic; the house has steadily grown in the public favor, and is now one of the representative retail and jobbing houses of the city. WILLIAM MERRILL-Was born in Sidney, Maine, March 18, 1834. He spent his early youth picking stone and coaxing a precarious herbage from the poor soil of that rock-bound region. His education was the best that could be obtained in the public schools of his native State, supplemented by a course of study at an academy. At the age of eighteen years he went to Augusta and learned to make doors, sash and window blind. In 1854 he came West and was employed in a furniture establishment at Davenport, as already mentioned. In 1862 he enlisted in company E, of that noble old fighting regiment, the Twenty-third Iowa regiment. Was first promoted to the office of sergeant major, then to that of second-lieutenant, then to that of quartermaster, which office he held until he resigned, in July, 1864. He took part in the battles of Port Gibson, Milliken's Bend, Champion's Hill, Black River and other important engagements of the war. He was married October 30, 1861, to Miss Elizabeth Lindsay, a native of Wheeling, Virginia. They have three children, sons: named Edward L., Harry B., Albert W.   

THOMAS S. KEENEY-Was born at Carlisle, Cumberland county, Pennsylvania, January 1, 1832. At the  age of fourteen years he was apprenticed to a cabinet maker, and served for four years. He went to Lafayette, Indiana, in 1852, where he was engaged in the furniture business. From Lafayette he went to Joliet, Illinois, where he was engaged in general merchandise. His health failing, he disposed of his business and made a tour through Minnesota and thence to Davenport, Iowa, where he met his present partner. He was married November 17, 1857, to Miss Eliza A. Gorham, a native of Vermont. They have one child, a daughter named Maggie.

JOHN H. MERRILL-Was born in Portland, Maine, November 10, 1827. His parents removed to Sidney, in the same State, when he was four years of age, where he remained till nineteen years old. He then

DES MOINES. 841

returned to Portland and became a salesman in a West India importing house, where he remained till 1854. From Portland he went to La Salle, Illinois, and engaged in the saddlery and harness business. He entered the army in August, 1862, enlisting in company A, of the Eighty-eighth Illinois regiment. He was promoted first to the office of orderly-sergeant, then to the office of second lieutenant, first lieutenant and then to that of captain, which office he held when discharged, in June, 1865, when he came to Des Moines and became a member of the firm of Merrill, Keeney & Co. He was married in March, 1868, to Miss Minta K. Baker, a native of Connecticut. They have one son, named Frank H. Three children, one son and two daughters, have died.

MERRITT, COL. W. H.-Mayor of Des Moines, is a native of New York city, and was born on the 12th of September, 1820, and when between two and three years old his father moved to Ithaca, New York. He was educated at the Genesee Wesleyan University, Lima, New York, and went thence to Rock Island, Illinois, and engaged in mercantile pursuits for a few months, when, about the year 1839, he was sent by his employers to Ivanhoe, Linn county, Iowa, to manage a branch store. He operated it for two years, with Sac and Fox Indians for his principal customers, and was one of the first men who ever sold goods in the interior of Iowa, except the licensed traders. During the winter of 1840-41 he received the appointment of enrolling clerk in the Territorial Council, whose session was held in the old Methodist church at Burlington, and at the close of the session joined his father at Buffalo, New York and went into the mercantile business. In 1847 Mr. Merritt returned to Iowa, took charge of the Miners' Express, Dubuque, and ran it nearly two years, sold out and went on a government survey in the northern part of the State. On the first of January, 1849, when the news of gold discoveries in the new Eldorado reached Iowa, he started for California by the Isthmus; returned in March, 1851, the same year, in connection with W. A. Jones, became once more proprietor of the Miners' Express, and at the end of two years united it with the Herald. While conducting the newspaper, about 1852, he was appointed surveyor of the port of Dubuque, the first officer of the kind there. In 1855 Mr. Merritt was appointed register of the newly-created district land office at Fort Dodge, held that office two years, selling about 2,000,000 acres of land, and in 1857 resigned to go into the banking business at Cedar Rapids, with George and William Greene. That business he followed until the President's first call for troops to suppress the rebellion, when he went into the field as lieutenant-colonel, First Iowa infantry. Owing to the illness of Colonel Bates, Colonel Merritt led that gallant regiment at the hotly contested battle of Wilson's Creek, Missouri, showing much coolness and bravery on that occasion, and standing within a few feet of General Lyon when that heroic officer fell mortally wounded. When the regiment was mustered out, at the end of nearly four months, Colonel Merritt wag appointed on the staff of General McClellan, with the rank of colonel of cavalry; was stationed awhile at Fort Leavenworth and late in the year 1863 left the service and returned to Iowa. Locating at Des Moines, he purchased the Statesman
and conducted it until 1867, when he sold out. The next year he joined William Irving & Co. in building the Rockford, Rock Island & St. Louis Railroad, and since that date has been a railroad contractor, part of the time in Illinois and part in Ohio. In March, 1880, he was elected Mayor

842 BIOGRAPHICAL.

of the city and still holds that office. On the 6th of January, 1846, Miss Marcia M. Sutherland, of Buffalo, New York, a distant relative of Judge Sutherland, of the Supreme Bench, became the Colonel's wife, and seven children were the fruit of this union, only three of them now living: Edward S., William H. and Douglas D.

McMULLIN, THOMAS-Deceased. The subject of this brief sketch was a native of Butler county, Kentucky, and was born May 20, 1819. From Kentucky he removed to Indiana. He learned the trade of cabinet making in early life, and was for a time engaged in the wood business on the southern Mississippi river. He came to Des Moines December 15, 1845, and became a clerk in Hoxie's store. In April following, at the election of county officers, he was elected Recorder, and in 1848 was elected School Fund Commissioner. He was a member of the first grand jury of the county. He speculated to some extent in real estate, and one of the additions to the city bears his name. When the location of the capital was being selected, there was much excitement here, and real estate speculators were on the alert to make investments if Des Moines should be selected. One day W. D. Jones, in the presence of a crowd who were about the post office, read a letter just received written by himself, but purporting to come from a friend in Iowa City, and which stated that probably the capital would be removed to Des Moines. Tipping a wink to Wall Clapp, they went off together, and were soon discovered walking over the town with a plat in hand.  McMullin took the hint and invested largely in town lots. In a few days the joke got out, when McMullin fairly made the air blue with his vigorous expletives. But Tom had his revenge. Lots went up, and Jones got nothing. He subsequently went to Colorado, and died, July 11, 1880, from injuries received in a fall from a wagon at Silver Cliffs. He was a man of active temperament, brusque in manners, and rather unprepossessing exterior, but upright and honest in purpose. He valued his good name highly, and it was said of him that his word was as good as his bond. Under his brusque exterior beat a kind and generous heart. He was twice married, his first wife being a daughter of Dr. Grimmell; the second a Mrs. Longnecker, by whom he had one son, named Lee.

MESSINGER, G. W.-Proprietor of Messinger livery and feed stable, was born in Illinois March 16, 1839, where he was raised. After leaving school he moved to Keokuk this State, and there had charge of a ferryboat on the Mississippi river, and this he ran until 1856. Then became engaged in dealing in horses and continued in this business until 1864 when he went to Idaho, remaining until 1865. He then came to this city and followed the livery business, and also horse dealing, and in 1876 he went to Nebraska. There he followed the stock business and on the tenth of May, 1880, he bought his present place. His stable is among the best stocked in the city. His marriage was in Janesville, New York, in October, 1869, to Miss Mary E. Calvin. By this union they have two children: George H. and John F.

MEEK, FAYETTE-Dealer in provisions, is a native of Ohio, and was born on the ninth day of March, 1831. In 1840 he came with his parents to Van Buren county, Iowa, and was raised there with a mercantile experience. For the past twenty years he has been engaged in handling and curing meats, and his brand of hams have a reputation throughout the State of Iowa. He came to this county in 1864, and has followed his pres-

DES MOINES. 843

ent business since that time. He married Miss Caroline A. Dibble, a native of Rochester, New York, in 1858. By this union they have three children: Harper, Alva and Dale.

MILLER, HON. WILLIAM E.-Lately on the Supreme Bench of Iowa, was born near Mount Pleasant, Westmoreland county, Pennsylvania, on the eighteenth of October, 1823. His father was a native of Somerset county, in the same State. He spent his youth on his father's farm, and in his fifteenth year engaged with him in a foundry and machine shop at Mount Pleasant, receiving at the same period, a fair English education in the select school of those days. In 1846 he commence the study of law, and in the summer of 1852 be moved to Iowa, settling at Iowa City. The following winter he reported the proceedings of the Senate during the Fourth General Assembly for the Iowa City Republican, and the Iowa Capitol Reporter. The following May, 1853, he was admitted to the bar of Johnson county, which was strongly Democratic, yet in 1854 Judge Miller was elected Prosecuting Attorney for that county on the opposition ticket. In October, 1858, he was elected Judge of the Eighth judicial district, and established an enviable reputation as an energetic, prompt, efficient and able jurist. His four years on the bench had not quite expired, when, in 1862, he became colonel of the Twenty-eighth Iowa infantry. In March 1863, on account of ill health, he resigned, and in 1864, soon after resuming law practice at Iowa City, he began to prepare "A Treatise of Pleading and Practice in Actions, and Special Proceedings at Law and in Equity in the Courts of Iowa, under the Revision of 1860." In 1869 Judge Miller was again placed on the bench, this time in the Circuit Court of the Eighth judicial district. Before his term of Circuit Judge had expired a vacancy occurred in the Supreme Court by the transfer of Judge Dillon to the Circuit Court of the United States, and the governor appointed Judge Miller. He had been on the Supreme Bench but a few months when, in October, 1870, the republican party elected him to the same office. His term expired on the first of January, 1876. In the spring of 1871 Judge Miller succeeded Judge Wright in the law department of the State University, as professor of constitutional and criminal law. This connection he held until June, 1875. Two years prior to this date, in the spring of 1873, in order to have access to the archives of the Supreme Court, and to the State Library, he moved to Des Moines where he continues to reside. The judge is a prominent member of the Masonic order, has written more or less Masonic literature of a legal character, and has a high standard among the fraternity in the Commonwealth. Was married on the first of August, 1844; to Miss Mary Robinson, daughter of James Robinson of Fayette county Pennsylvania. They have a family of eight children: Annette L. (wife of W. R. Kerr, of Chicago, Illinois), Laura N., James W., William E., Jr., May, Albert, How-D. and Grace. He has recently revised the Code of Iowa, one of the most complete works of the kind ever published.

MILLER, MARTIN H.-Superintendent of the glucose works, was born in Pennsylvania in 1851, and lived there until sixteen years of age, and then removed to Washington City, and after traveling and living in various Southern States, he came to this city from St. Louis in 1879 to superintend the machinery necessary for the manufacture of grape sugar and syrups. He was married to Miss Ellen Drawland, May 2, 1874. She was born in Pennsylvania. By this union they have two children.

844 BI0GRAPHICAL

MILLER, JOHN F.-Dealer in second hand goods, was born in Maryland, January 18,1814, and when quite young his parents removed to Kentucky where they resided some four years, then removed to Ohio, and from there to Indiana.  In the latter named State Mr. Miller resided until 1850, when be came to Iowa, locating in Polk county on a farm in Madison township, there being then but five families in the town of Polk City, and scarcely any settlement in the prairie portion of the township. He came to Des Moines in 1876 and for something over a year has been engaged at his present business. He was married to a Miss Rodney in 1838, with whom he lived until 1876, when she died leaving five children: Jonathan R., Philander C., Orra, Almina (now Mrs. Simon Dorn), and India Ann (now Mrs. John McNeely).
 
MITCHELL, W. F.-Of the firm of Mitchell, Bartlett & Crain, wholesale druggists, was born in Westchester county, New York, on the sixth of November, 1845, and when only an infant was taken by his parents to Illinois, locating in Peoria. In 1855 he removed to Galesburg and there attended Lombard University, and after leaving that institution he commenced farming, continuing the same until 1862. Then enlisted in company G, Eighty-third Illinois volunteer infantry, and served until the close of the war, when he was mustered out at Chicago. He then returned home remaining until August 1869, when he became engaged with the Keokuk & Des Moines Railroad Company. In April, 1875 he went to San Francisco, California, where he became engaged in the wine commission business, remaining until August, 1876, when he returned to Des Moines. Then became engaged in the drug business with E. R. Cory, and is now in the same business under the firm name of Mitchell, Bartlett & Crain. Mr. Mitchell was married in this city December 30,1874, to Miss Eliza, daughter of Dr. Henry Cox.

MITCHELL, HON. JOHN-Circuit Judge of the Fifth district, is a native of Claremont, New Hampshire, and was born on the 28th day of February, 1830. He was fitted for college at Kimball Union Academy, Mereden. He entered Dartmouth College and at the end of his sophomore year was compelled, on account of impaired health, to relinquish his studies and seek a change of climate. He traveled west and in 1856 located at Des Moines, and finished reading law with Finch and Crocker (having read the previous winter with Freeman & McClure, of his native place), and was admitted to the bar in August, 1856. In 1857 he commenced the practice of his profession on his own account. On the 17th day of July, 1861, he was commissioned captain of a company of cavalry in the State service and served against the Indians for three months on the northwestern border of Iowa and southern border of Minnesota. In the fall of the same year he was elected a member of the Legislature of Iowa from Polk county and served two years during the exciting times of 1861-2. After this he continued the practice of his chosen profession, serving as a member of the city council and Board of Supervisors and its first chairman, and filling various offices of trust in the city and county until May 30, 1867, when he was appointed Register in Bankruptcy in the Fifth congressional district. In November, 1868, he was elected Judge of the Circuit Court of the Fifth judicial circuit of Iowa for four years from January 4, 1869. Since then twice elected without opposition, all parties supporting him. Entered on third term January 1, 1877, making twelve years for which he has been elected, and so continues. His honesty as a man and his ability as a jurist

DES MOINES. 845

are of the highest order, and in the various positions of trust and honor to which he has been called he has discharged his official duties with scrupulous care and fidelity. He was married December 29, 1858, to Rebecca Anshutz, daughter of C. P. Anahutz, at Moundsville, West Virginia. Their family consists of one daughter, living, Caroline. Have lost one bright little gem, Lizzie, died March, 1869.

MITCHELL, IRA-Was born in Claremont, New Hampshire, August 22, 1826, and there resided until of age, receiving an academic education. He traces his ancestors on his fathers side to Scotland, they having emigrated to this country about the year 1760, and took active part in the behalf of their adopted country in both the wars with England. His mother was of English origin. At the age of twenty-one Mr. Mitchell removed to Newport, New Hampshire, and engaged in merchandising until 1858, when he removed to Concord. That business he followed until 1861, when he was appointed inspector in the quartermaster's department. This position he held until 1863. During that time he went through Baltimore with the Second New Hampshire regiment, prepared to avenge the fate of the members of the Fifth Massachusetts regiment, who fell in passing through that city. In 1863 Mr. Mitchell returned to Newport and resumed his former occupation. In 1870 he removed to this State and became a permanent resident of this city. In February, 1853, he was married to Catharine, daughter of Seth Richards, who was a prominent merchant of Newport, New Hampshire, for upwards of fifty years. They have one son living, Frank. Have lost one, James.

MORRISON, DR. E. M.-Dentist. Was born in Preble county, Ohio, October 15,1826, and made that place his home until 1850. He was raised on a farm until about seventeen years of age, when he went to a select school and from there to Farmers' College and began the study of medicine. After the usua1 course of study he graduated from the Miami Medical College, of Cincinnati. Hefollowed the practice of his profession for nearly ten years and then turned his attention to dentistry, which he has followed since, both in Indiana and Ohio. In May, 1873, he came to this county and has since resided here. While living in Indiana he was a member of the school board which first admitted the colored children into the free schools of Hamilton county, and the first in the State of Indiana. He found a wife in the person of Miss Julia A. Burnan, whom he married on the 22d day of April, 1851. She was born in Preble county, Ohio, November 11, 1827. They are the parents of five children: Eliza (now Mrs. Geo. M. Dimmitt), Ella T. (now Mrs. C. L. Webb, of Des Moines), Thomas A., Rose and Julia.

MORRIS, JOHN-Tailor. Was born in England, October 13, 1832, and remained there until the fall of 1851, when he emigrated to America, landing in New York. His education was obtained in the common schools of his native country. After leaving New York he went to Lafayette, Indiana, and there engaged in the tailoring business. In 1853 he came to this city and has followed his trade since. His marriage was in Des Moines, in September, 1857, to Miss Laura Smith.

MORGAN, P.-Proprietor of the Morgan House, was born May 1, 1829, and owed his nativity to Belmont county, Ohio. In 1839 he moved with his parents to Harrison county, where he lived until 17 years of age. Then learned the harness and saddlery trade with William Knox, of Cadiz, and after serving four years returned home and started a shop on his own

846 BIOGRAPHICAL.

account in Georgetown. He remained there about six years and in 1856 removed to Albia, this State, landing there with $300 in money, with which he bought a shop in that town. In December, 1861, he came to this city and engaged in the shoe leather and hide business, which he followed about four years, then dropping the shoe leather business and in place of that article took in a supply of saddlery goods. In 1870 he disposed of his hide business and turned his entire attention to saddlery and hardware business. In 1878 he formed a partnership with Mr. N. W. Hunter, which continued until July, 1879, when he sold his interest to Mr. Hunter. In 1875 he bought what was known as the Pacific House, and in 1876 erected the large and commodious hotel which bears his name, and in July, 1879 he refitted and refurnished it, and it is one of the well known hotels of Des Moines. He was married in November, 1865, to Miss Martha A. Wiley, a native of Ohio. By this union they have had two children: Flora O., now living, and P. W., who died in September, 1870.

MOSIER, C. A.-Short-hand reporter, is a son of Eli and Maria Mosier, and was born in Richland county, Ohio, on the 13th day of October, 1837, and when two years of age was taken by his parents to Platt county, Mo., where he lived until ten years of age,, and then removed to this county in 1848, his father being one of the first settlers of the county. He improved a farm west of town and set out the first orchard between the Des Moines and Raccoon rivers. The youth of Mr. Mosier was spent in farming and acquiring an education, principally by private instruction. He assisted in breaking prairie for Father Bird, in what is now the heart of the city, for 37-1/2 cents per day. Not relishing agricultural pursuits he availed himself of all the facilities in his power to fit himself for teaching, which he followed successfully for six or seven years. During this time he was perfecting himself in stenography, and was appointed court reporter by Judge Gray. In 1866 he was elected County Superintendent of Schools, and after filling the office for a time very acceptably he resigned in order to devote his entire time to his court work, a position he has held by election or appointment for seventeen years. Mr. Mosier has given considerable attention to writings on pre-historic subjects, and finds convincing evidence to his own mind that the country was inhabited prior to its occupation by the Indians or Mound Builders. He married Miss Rachel A. Bell in 1861. She was born in Cadiz, Ohio. They have four children: Lenore, M. Blanche, Albert G., Charles R.

MUTCHLAR, D. L.-Proprietor of the Des Moines Steam Dye Works. Was born in Marion county, Ohio, July 14, 1835, and was there raised. When twenty years of age he began to learn the business of chemical dyer with one W: D. Robertson, of Leeds, England, who was one of the finest chemical dyers in the country. He remained with him about five years and gained a thorough knowledge of the business. He then commenced business for himself, and followed it in various cities until 1871, when he came to Iowa and opened his present dye works. He is a self-made man, and has accumulated what he has by close attention to, and strict integrity in, business. He always gives perfect satisfaction to his customers, coloring all kinds of fabrics from the finest to the heaviest. Mr. M. has also perfected a process of applying a durable dye to the upholstery of furniture without removing it from the frames at a comparatively small expense. He was married October 27, 1858, to Miss Julia, daughter of Sam-

DES MOINES. 847

uel Cretors, of Greene county, Ohio. They have a family of five children living: Leroy E., Lizzie, Charles, Ella and Grace. Lost three who died in infancy.

NAPIER, THOS. H.-Justice of the Peace; one of the pioneer settlers of Polk county. Was born in Giles county, Virginia, on the 20tH of July, 1809, and when seven years of age was taken by his parents to Gallia county, Ohio, where he was raised on a farm. He removed from that place to Knox county, Ill., and in 1839 removed to Louisa county, Iowa, and remained there one year, and thence to Johnson county, and helped quarry and furnish the stone for the State House at Iowa City. From this place he changed his residence to Wapello county, and on the 6th day of April, 1846, came to this county and engaged in agricultural pursuits. He was elected a justice of the peace in 1851, elected Sheriff of the county, and in 1855 was elected  County Judge, and held the office 41 years. In 1861 he went to the Rocky Mountains, and in 1864 to Montana. He married Miss A. Martin, of Putnam county, Indiana, in 1843. She was born in Butler county, Ohio. Their family consists of three children: Mary L. (now Mrs. H. Brown), Edward L. and Helen (now Mrs. C. Harris). Lost one in infancy.

NASH, JOHN A., D. D.-President of the University of Des Moines, and an educator of much experience and eminence. Is a native of Sherburne, Chenango county, N. Y. Was born July 11, 1816. When be was five years of age he lost his father, and was brought up on a farm by an aunt in Otsego county. At the age of twenty he entered the preparatory department of Madison University, and graduated from the university in 1842, and from the Theological Seminary at the same place in 1844. His first pastorate was at Watertown, N. Y., where he spent six years, and on the 3d of January, 1851, came to Des Moines, which has since been his home. He immediately gathered the few Baptists together, organized a church, and was its pastor between seventeen and eighteen years, teaching also the larger part of this period. About 1835 he started a select school, which soon grew into what was long known as the Forest Home Seminary. Des Moines being centrally located in the State, and some inducements being held out to the Baptists, it was resolved to establish an institution here of the highest order, and the University of Des Moines is the result of that movement, organized in April, 1865. Dr. Nash became its financial agent, and labored in that capacity, with some interruption, for four years, until his health broke down. This was not, however, until some tine after the brick building on the hill in Des Moines had been completed and the institution was in operation there. During the period that he was regaining his health, Dr. Nash was Superintendent of Schools for Polk county, his term expiring on the 1st of January, 1874. Prior to this date, in the autumn of 1872, he became acting President of the University, and was at its head three years, when Hon. Frederick Mott became President, but after holding that position a little over a year he resigned, and Dr. Nash was again placed in the presidential chair, May, 1877. Since he located in Des Moines at the opening of 1851 he has accomplished a great religious as well as educational work organizing two Baptist churches, one on each side of the river, and being largely instrumental in the formation of nearly thirty others in Central Iowa. Every good cause receives his hearty and powerful support. Dr. Nash has been twice married. First, in July, 1846, to Miss Jennie C. Calhoun, of Pittsford, Monroe county, N.

848 BIOGRAPHICAL

Y. She died February 3,1851, leaving no children. His second marriage was March 15, 1853, to Miss Mary V. Hepburn, a native of New York, residing at the time of her marriage at Augusta, Lee county, Iowa. They have four children: John A., Jennie C., Netta and Hattie.

NAYLOR, THOMAS-Grocer. Was born in Yorkshire, England, April 18, 1836, and there was raised and educated. In June, 1856, he came to the United States, locating in Sullivan county, New York, where he engaged in the carriage and undertaker's business, having learned in the same in the old country. He remained there about eight years, and then went to Helena, Ark., where he engaged in the grocery business. This he followed about four years, and then went to Kansas City, where he opened a grocery store. After remaining there about eight months, in April, 1869, he came to Des Moines and opened a grocery house. In 1873 he erected his present building, and in the fall of that year moved into it. He is one of the prominent flour dealers of the city, keeping on hand a large stock of fine brands. He was married October 7, 1868, to Miss Annie E. Maltby, of New York. They have three children living: Mary E., Martha and Anna.

NAYLOR, A. W.-President of the Capital City Bank. Was born in Morgan county, Ohio, August 27, 1841, where he grew to manhood on a farm. He received the advantages of a common school education, supplemented by a course of academic study. In 1864 he came to Iowa, locating in New Sharon, Mahaska county. He was there engaged in the mercantile business for ten years with satisfactory results, and for the three years following was in the banking business. In December, 1877, he came to this city and took his present position. January 9, 1864, he was married to Miss Rebecca S. King, in Washington county, Ohio. They have one son and one daughter: Frank L. and Jessie N. Lost one daughter, May, aged 3 years. Mr. N. is a thorough gentleman in manners, and treats all persons with a genial and unaffected courtesy. This, added to his ability as a business man, has gained for him confidence and general esteem.

NEWTON, AUGUSTUS-The subject of this sketch, though not one of the pioneers of Polk county, is one of its early settlers, and closely identified with its history and the growth and prosperity of the Capital City. He was born in Worcester county, Massachusetts, April 11, 1818, where he resided until he attained his majority. When eighteen years old he began the carpenter's trade, and in 1840, the days of log cabins, hard cider. and "Tippecanoe and Tyler too," he came West and located at Niles, Michigan, where he remained about one year, when he went to Elkhart, Indiana, where he engaged in general merchandising, which he continued twelve years. While there, although a Free-soil Whig in politics, as he is now a radical Republican, he was appointed postmaster by President Van Buren and held the office four years. From Elkhart he went to Lafayette, Indiana, where he engaged in the drug business under the firm name of Hart & Newton, which he continued one year when he came to Fort Des Moines, then so called and engaged in general merchandising, which in those days included everything a person wanted to use or wear. Six years after his health became impaired and he disposed of his goods to R. W. Sypher. In 1856 he built the west half of Exchange Block, corner of Third and Walnut, and in 1857 the first commodious and substantial brick dwelling-house in the town, which is now on Fifth street, between Park and Center, owned by N. B. Collins. In 18--  he was appointed Assistant U. S. Revenue Assessor, which

DES MOINES. 849

position he held until legislated out of office. He was subsequently appointed gauger for the revenue department of the government. In 1874 he was elected Mayor of the city and held the office two years with much satisfaction to the people and honor to himself. In 1876 he became connected with W. B. Mitchell, under the firm name of W. B. Mitchell & Co., manufacturers and dealers in fine carriages, harness, trunks, etc., 221 Walnut street. Mr. Newton inherited from his ancestry those sterling traits of character, rigidity of purpose and conservatism of action which belong pre-eminently to New England and the Puritans, and which has made its impress on the nation. His unswerving fidelity to his ideas of right and his religious convictions aided very materially in laying the foundation of a high standard of morality, education and good society in what has come to be the metropolitan city of the State. In business circles he has the confidence of the public; in social life, with his most estimable wife, possessing all the graces of true womanhood, they are highly esteemed. September 14, 1843, Mr. Newton was united by marriage with Miss Mary E. Mitchell, daughter of General W. B. Mitchell, one of the most prominent civil engineers of Philadelphia, and who ran the first railroad train out of that city. By this union they have three children living: Augustus M. (now of Colorado), Matia A. (wife of Judge W. A. Wood, of Goshen, Indiana), and Willie T. Was a member of the school board six years and secretary four years. During his connection with the school board the Second and Third ward school houses were built, and, in connection with Hoyt Sherman, had control of the building.

OAKS, EDWIN-This gentleman is a member of the firm of Oaks & Co., the other one of the firm being J. A. Ferguson. Mr. Oaks was born near Bangor, Maine, July 12, 1827. In 1837 his parents removed to Cambria county, Pennsylvania, where his youth and early manhood were passed on a farm. He afterward learned the carpenter's trade, which he followed most of the time until the present summer. He came to Polk county in 1854, and since that time has constantly resided there, most of his time, having been engaged in building He owns twenty acres in his homestead, section 16, Bloomfield township. In May, 1880, he bought a half interest in the marble works, of which business he is the senior partner. Since coming to the county he has been a member of the Board of County Supervisors for a number of years. He was married October 27, 1853, to Miss Mary A. Gifford, a native of Pennsylvania. They have two adopted children: Francis Marion and Nancy Belle. J. A. FERGUSON, of the firm of Oaks & Co., was born in Preble county, Ohio, June 30, 1825. When yet a youth his parents removed to St. Joseph county, Indiana, where he grew to manhood. When twenty-one years of age he learned the blacksmith trade which he followed for twenty years. Removed to this State in 1855, and located in Adel, Dallas county, where he was engaged in blacksmithing for eleven years. He came to Des Moines in 1868, and was employed by the Fairbanks Scale Company for six years. Afterward traveled for a boot and shoe house for five years. In 1878 he bought a half interest in his present business, which has earned for him a widespread reputation in business circles. He was married August 22, 1846, to Miss Sophronia. Mastin, who was born in Butler county, Ohio. They have four children living: Clarence A., Arista M., William E. and James. They have lost by death three children.

850 BIOGRAPHICAL.

O'BLENESS, HAMILTON CREE-The subject of this sketch, familiarly known as "O'B ", first saw the "light of other days" on Eight Mile Run, Washington county, Ohio, June 30, 1846. We might cover many pages with account of his "childhood's sunny hours," but enough is given to show the respectability of his birth, and his claim upon life. When of the age of nine or ten years he removed with his parents to this State, settling in this county, and has remained here ever since with the exception of five or six years spent in St. Louis and elsewhere. Much of his time has been spent in the study of abstract questions, with little profit to himself, he says, and none to the world was given to go into the realms of the unseen, to picture schemes and fancies of an unreal kind; but it is highly probable that from this he has developed poetical talent. He has large insight into human nature, capacity to analyze, to dissect and reason on consequences, but not enough suspicion for a business man. Being possessed of a nonreligious nature, and asking a reason for everything, his investigations in that line have led him to the belief that a good devil is better than a bad god, and that all mankind would be far better if religious toleration was more prevalent. When of the age of eighteen he began to learn the "art preservative of arts," and after many years of labor has learned sufficient to make an average living. On the twenty-third of October, 1867, he was married to Miss Martha A. Riley, a native of Wisconsin, a woman of. uncommon good sense, a good manager of household affairs, and of excellent judgment. Two children, a girl and boy, make music round the house and scatter sunshine everywhere. The father of our subject, Sergeant James O'Bleness, was a member of company C, Twenty-third regiment Iowa Volunteers, and was killed in the battle of Milliken's Bend, in the late war; his mother is still living and resides in Saylor township, near the county farm; he has six brothers and sisters living, all enjoying good health, with the promise of long life before them.

O'CONNOR, JOHN-Retired merchant. The subject of this sketch was born on the twenty-second of June, 1815, in Ireland, and after obtaining an education front the common schools he learned the boot and shoe business which he followed until 1842, when he emigrated to the United States, landing in New York, June 17. Then became extensively engaged the manufacturing of boots and shoes, employing from twenty to twenty-five hands. His work was all sewed, and in this business he continued until March 10, 1857, when he came to Iowa, locating in Warren county. There he purchased a farm of eighty-five acres, but in 1861 sold out and came to this city and has since resided here. He has retired from the more active pursuits of life and is now living in quiet at his home. He was married in Ireland November 9, 1841, to Miss Rose O'Conner, daughter of Patrick O'Conner, of Dromiskin, County of South.

OLDHAM, JAMES-Grocer, was born in Shelby county, Indiana, September 17, 1827, and was there raised on a farm and educated in the common schools. While a young man he learned the carpenter's trade, and for a number of years worked at it, though irregularly. Also clerked in a store a part of the time; and in 1849 he bought out his father's stock of dry goods and groceries at Edinburgh, that State. In 1850 he sold out and engaged in working at his trade, and in the fall of 1856 came to Iowa; he located in Eddyville where he worked for two years, then moved to Davis county, and bought a farm, engaging in farming until the spring of 1863. Then came to this city and, in October, opened a grocery store,

DES MOINES. 851

on the East Side and remained there until 1867. He then sold out, and in 1872 went to Spring Hill and bought a half interest in the elevator at that place, at the same time engaging in the grain business with Mr. Ashworth. In this he continued about two years when he sold his interest. Then went to traveling for Ankeny & Brothers oil works. In March, 1877, he opened a grocery store in connection with G. W. Barkalow, under the firm name of Oldham & Barkalow, and has since been engaged here. He was married July 28, 1848, to Miss Amanda J. Cheatham, a native of Kentucky. They have three children living: Caroline L. (wife of G. D. Barkalow, of Mitchellville), Mary A. and Sarah N.; lost one Elenora.

OSGOOD, G. R.-Of the firm of Osgood, Harris & Co., was born in Orleans county, Vermont, July 3, 1840, where he grew to manhood under the vigilant eye of his prudent and thrifty New England parents. His educational advantages being very good, he received that training which is so important as a preparatory work in the life of every successful business man. At the early age of seventeen years he. entered upon the business career which has thus far proved to be an exceptionally successful one. He came to Des Moines in 1861, his health having previously failed, and supposing that the invigorating atmosphere of the Hawkeye State would prove to be beneficial. In this expectation he was not disappointed.  He was employed for a year and a half as salesman in the establishment of Rawson & Christie, and in 1863 bought the interest of the latter and the firm name for three years was Rawson & Osgood. At the expiration of that time the firm dissolved, Mr. Osgood taking the dry goods department and forming a partnership with Mr. Geo. H. Bugbee, the name of the firm being Osgood & Bugbee. At the expiration of one year he bought Mr. Bugbee's interest and during the next year conduced the business alone. He then took a partner, Mr. Wyman, and at the end of four years Mr. Harris bought an interest, when the firm name was Osgood, Wyman & Harris. In 1899 Mr. Wyman withdrew and W. C. Crane, a merchant of much experience, from New York City, was admitted as a partner, since which time the firm name is Osgood, Harris & Co. Mr. Osgood was married October 18, 1865, to Miss Caroline Storrs of Madison county, New York. They have three sons, named respectively: Henry H., Geoge J. and Robert S.

PAGE, H. R.-Physician and surgeon, was born in Milan, Erie county, Ohio, October 17,1842, and lived there until ten years of age. Then moved to Iowa City, Johnson county, this State, in 1852. His youth was spent on a farm and he received the advantages of a good school education. For four years he served as a member of the Iowa College at Grinnell, and then accepted a position in the Western College of Linn county. This he held for one year and then graduated from that institution, having taken a classical course. Having a desire to follow the practice of medicine, be began its study with Dr. Lance of Marshalltown, and Dr. Holyoke of Grinnell. After the usual course he graduated from the State University at Iowa City. In the spring of 1871 he began the practice of his profession in New Sharon, and continued there until the spring of 1878. He then came to this city. During the late war he enlisted, in May, 1864, in company B, Forty-sixth Iowa infantry, and served about five months. His place of enlistment was at Grinnell. He was married in Washington, this State, on the eleventh day of August, 1869, to Miss Hattie Frisbee, a native of New York. They have by this union, two sons and one daughter: Lillie M. A. Carey and Orville. Dr. Page is a genial gentleman and one whom one

852 BIOGRAPHICAL.

meets only to wish for a more extended acquaintance, and his practice is as wide as his acquaintance.

PARISH, JOHN C.-Deputy State Auditor. Was born March 4,1832, in the State of Connecticut, where he was raised to manhood. He received his education mostly in the public schools of his native State, graduating from the State Normal School. In 1855 he took up his residence in Boston, where he was engaged as book-keeper for a large wholesale establishment of that city until the fall of 185?, when he came to lows, locating at Eddyville. Here he remained until 1862, when he enlisted in company C, Thirty-sixth Iowa infantry, as a private. He was afterward promoted to the rank of first lieutenant, and remained in the service until March, 1865, when on account of ill health he was compelled to resign. He came to Des Moines in the fall of 1866, and shortly after arriving in the city he accepted a position in the United States Express Company, remaining in the employ of that company eighteen months, when he took the position of book-keeper and cashier for Mills & Co., remaining in that position some four years. He then became the general superintendent of that firm's entire establishment, which position he occupied some two years and a half. In January, 1875, he received the appointment of Deputy State Auditor under Buren R. Sherman, and has since been connected with the office. He was married in 1868 to Amanda Spangler, a native of Michigan.

PARIS, HAZARD-Proprietor of meat market. Was born in Luzerne county, Pennsylvania, in 1813, and when twenty-two years of age removed to Franklin county, Ohio. Was raised a farmer, and received the advantages of a common school education. In 1855 he came to Monroe county, Iowa, and engaged in farming until he came here, in August, 1864, since which time he has followed his present business. He was married in Franklin county, Ohio, September 30; 1839, to Miss L. D. Quinn, a native of Pennsylvania, but raised in that county. They have a family of four sons and three daughters: David H., Thomas J., Andrew J. Samuel B., Lavilla C., Elizabeth E. and Elmira L.

PATERSON, P.-Furniture dealer. Was born August 2, 1850, in Sweden, and there was raised and resided until 1868, when he came to the United States, locating in Des Moines. For some eight years was in the employ of C. & L. Harbach, where he learned the trade of upholsterer. In 1877 he engaged in business on the East Side, and since 1879 has been conducting the business alone, having a large store-room well stocked with goods in his line. He was married to Carrie Ericson in 1871. They have three children: Louis, C., Ellen A. and Edward. PAUL, CONRAD-Agent for Conrad Weil's cigars and tobacco. Was born in now Prussia, but at that time Hesse, Germany, in 1850. When ten years of age he emigrated to America. His education was partly obtained in this country and partly in his native place. After arriving in this country he stopped in New York, and also in Burlington, this State, for a short time, but his first permanent location was in this city in 1861. He was yet a young man, and learned various branches of business, among which were brewing, confectionery and baking. In 1870 he engaged in his present business.

PARSON, A.-Proprietor of Central House. Was born June 22, 1832, in Henry county, Indiana, where he resided until twenty years of age, when he came to Iowa, locating in Washington township, Polk county

DES MOINES. 853

Here he resided on a farm until 1875, when he came to Des Moines, and during Mr. Lendrum's term of office as Sheriff he had charge of the county jail. In 1879 be took charge of his hotel in person, and since that time has been engaged in that business. He was married in the fall of 1852, to Miss Matilda Wise. She was also born in Henry county, Indiana. They have four children: O. E. (an artist, now doing business in Harlan), Josephine (now Mrs. W. M. Goldsberry), Ellsworth and Loretta.

PERCIVAL & HATTON-Real estate dealers. This firm is composed of F. A. Percival and Thomas Hatton, Jr., and for a number of years has been doing the leading business in their line in Des Moines. The former was born in Oswego county, New York, December 25, 1836, and was raised principally in Madison county, same State, and educated in business to the leather and wool trade, which he followed for some years very successfully. He removed from that State to Ohio, near Cleveland, and thence to Iowa in 1863, with the intention of engaging in the wool business, but there being an inviting field for real estate operations he abandoned his former intentions and availed himself of the opportunities offered, and since that time has been prominently identified with the real estate interest of Central Iowa. He was married to Mrs. Etta B. McClelland (whose maiden name was Blodgett), in 1873. She is a native of Wisconsin. They have two children: Lucy M. and Helen. 

THOMAS HATTON, JR., is a native of Ireland, and was born in December, 1831. The following year he came with his parents to the United States, and settled in Ohio, remaining there three years, and thence to Will county, Illinois, where our subject was  principally raised. His father was a farmer  and stock raiser, and in this the son assisted the father when not attending school. In 1861 he came to Polk county, and for five years acted as agent for the Chicago & North western Railroad, and then engaged in the real estate business, and in which he has been fairly successful. The firm being as prominent if not more so than any in their line in the city. Mr. Hatton has held the office of City Treasurer for two terms since his residence in the city. He was married in 1858 to Miss Mary L. Webster, a native of Candandaigua, New York. They have three children; Hattie, William M. and Angie.

PHILLIPS, WM.-Of the firm of Phillips, Goode & Phillips, attorneys, for twenty-six years a practitioner at the bar, and almost the entire time in Iowa. Was born in Jefferson county, Ohio, in 1827, and was raised there on a farm. In 1851 he moved to Illinois, settling at Peoria. Having made choice of law as his profession, after thorough preparation he was admitted to the bar in 1854. The same year he removed to Jefferson, Greene county, Iowa, and while living there was elected County Judge, being the first to hold that office in the county. In 1856 he came to Des Moines and formed a partnership with Hon. Curtis Bates. This firm was dissolved in 1859, and was succeeded by Phillips & Phillips, the latter a brother of the subject of this sketch. This was succeeded by Phillips, Gatch & Phillips, and later by Phillips, Goode & Phillips. Mr. Phillips has gained a wide popularity, being known as a man who enters with whole soul into whatever he engages, and to this may be attributed his success. He married Miss S. J. Rutan in 1857. She is a native of Richland county, Ohio. They have three children: William, Frank and Jennie.

PHILLIPS, W. W.-Of the firm of Phillips & Conrad, attorneys-at-law. This is the oldest firm now in practice, on the East Side. Mr. P. was born in Carrollton, Carroll county, Ohio, March 13, 1840, and when about eight

854 BIOGRAPHICAL.

years of age his father moved to Findley, Hancock county, same State. He was brought up on a farm and enjoyed the advantages of a common school education. His intention was to have attended Oberlin College, but on the breaking out of the rebellion he enlisted in company D, Ninety-ninth Ohio, in August, 1862, and was with that regiment about eighteen months. He was then permanently detailed as quartermaster's clerk, and this position he continued to occupy until he was mustered out, which was in July, 1865. He then returned to Findley, remaining there until the following February, when he came to Iowa and located at Oskaloosa. There he attended commercial college and graduated from that institution, first in his class, in 1867. He then entered the law office of Lacey & Sheppard and one year later came to Des Moines and attended the law school of this city. In the spring of 1868 he was admitted to practice and soon afterward opened his present office, since which time he has been very successful. August 31, 1865, he was married to Miss Mary M. Taylor, a native of Findley, Ohio, their family consists of four sons: Harvey T., Frank, William W. and C. Herbert.

POWERS, HON. J. K.-Register of the State Land Office, was born in Lowell, Lake county, Indiana, January 27, 1845, where he was raised, and resided until the outbreak of the war of the rebellion, when he entered as a private, the 14th of August,1861, company H, Ninth Indiana infantry. His regiment served in Western Virginia, participating in the battles of Green River and Buffalo Gap. Shortly after the latter named battle, his regiment was ordered to Tennessee, marching across the State under Buell and Nelson and participating in the memorable battle of Shiloh, where Mr. P., on the 7th day of April, 1862, received a wound in the right arm, causing amputation. He was discharged June 13, 1862, and returned home, where he remained until October 22,1863, when he re-enlisted in the Twentieth company, Second battalion, Veteran Reserve Corps, serving for some fifteen months as orderly for Captain C. F. Rooper, of Governor Morton's staff. November 14, 1865, he was discharged by general orders. In September, 1867, he came to Iowa and located in Lewis, Cass county, where he was engaged a short time in teaching school, after which he was employed as clerk in the store of H. Beekman & Son, in whose employ he remained until he was, in 1868, elected Clerk of the Courts of Cass county, serving in that position for six years. At the close of his last term a very commendatory notice appeared in the Atlantic Telegraph, which space prevents our publishing. June 21, 1873, he was appointed, by Governor Carpenter a member of the State Board of Immigration, which position he held until the board, by statute of limitation, passed  out of existence in 1874. After retiring from the office of clerk he engaged in the real estate and insurance business at Atlantic, and was general agent for the State for the Springfield Fire and Marine Insurance Company, which business he was engaged in when he was nominated by the Republican convention, in June, 1868, as Register of the State Land Office, he only having been a candidate for the position three days previous to the convention, and having in the convention strong competitors. He is well and favorably known throughout the State and stands high in the esteem of all, both as a public official and as a Republican. He was united in marriage to Miss Anna L. Thomas, of Warsaw, Illinois, March 28, 1869. She died in Des Moines, August 30, 1879, leaving one child, Roy E.

DES MOINES. 855

PRIESTLY, JAMES T.-Physician and surgeon, was born on the 19th of July, 1852, and is a native of Northumberland, Pennsylvania and was educated at Louisburg College in that State. He began the study of medicine with his uncle, Dr. Joseph Priestly, and graduated from the University of Pennsylvania, at Philadelphia, in 1874. He commenced to practice at Northumberland and continued the same successfully for two years and then came to this city. He is a descendant of the celebrated Dr. Priestly, the person who discovered oxygen gas, and also a descendant of Nicholas Biddle, the president of the old U. S. Bank. Dr. P. was married in Northumberland, April 30, 1874, to Miss Clara M. Simpson. They have a family of two sons: Crayke S. and Marks B. Since coming to Des Moines, Dr. Priestly has succeeded in making many friends and also in gaining a large and increasing practice.

QUICK, WILLAM H.-Mr. Quick was born in Sussex county, New York, July 1, 1832. His father was a miller. At twenty-one years of age, William, or "Billy," as he is more familiarly known in express circles, came to Chicago in 1853. He soon after entered the employ of the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Railroad Company as baggage-man and conductor, where he remained two years. In 1856 he came to Iowa City and entered the service of Parker's Express Company, a private company then doing a package express through various sections of the State, as messenger  from Iowa City to Dubuque. Six months later he was appointed local agent of the company at Iowa City, and there remained until the spring of 1858, when the business of the company was transferred to the United States Express Company. Mr. Quick was transferred from Iowa City to Marengo, Brooklyn, Grinnell as the railroad progressed westward. July 1,1863, he came to Des Moines, succeeding R. K. McMasters as local agent. He filled the office until 1865, when Joseph Shepherd, Superintendent of the Iowa division of the company, was promoted to the general western superintendency, when Mr. Quick was appointed successor to Mr. Shepherd, as division superintendent, his jurisdiction being extended also over Nebraska, with headquarters at Des Moines, which position he now occupies. Early in the service he manifested those qualities of executive ability and integrity of character which commended him to the notice and confidence of the company. He has proven eminently worthy the trust imposed. His genial nature, courteous manner, wise, sagacious management, have made him one of the best as he is one of the most popular popular officials of that immense corporation. He is one of the few who have the rare faculty of managing the affairs of the company with great fidelity and being also exceedingly popular with all employees, as well as the public, and most deservedly so. October 9, 1866, he married Miss Mary L., daughter of Judge Love, of Buffalo, a woman of rare graces. She died March 3, 18'70, leaving a daughter, Ella L.

RANDALL, G. W.-The subject of this sketch was born in Yates county, N. Y., Sept. 3,1846, where he remained until 1866, when he came to Des Moines. In 1870 he engaged in the sale of agricultural implements. In 1877 he joined Hon. John A. Elliott as member of the firm of Elliott & Randall, and the firm at once stepped to the front as the first in the trade. In 1879 Mr. Elliott disposed of his interest to Adam Dickey, since which time the business has been conducted under the firm name of Randall & Dickey. The firm have established a reputation for integrity and  enterprise, which insures them a wide extended traffic. They handle only the

856 BIOGRAPHICAL.

best and most approved machinery, thus saving to patrons the expense and loss of. experiments. Mr. Randall was married November 25, 1873, to Miss Fannie A. Edwards, of Louisville, Ky. One daughter, Ida, has come to bless their home.

RAWSON, Dr. ALONZO.-Dentist, was born in Alstead, Cheshire county, New Hampshire, April 2, 1831, and was there raised. In his early youth he enjoyed a good common school education, supplemented by an academic course. When eighteen years of age he commenced teaching school, as was the custom of all Yankees. At the age of 21 years, becoming dissatisfied with the sterility of New England generally, in March, 1852, with satchel in hand, started on foot ever snow-drifts, determining to to find a more congenial surroundings and productive soil. After leaving his native State he reached Erie, Pa., then the western terminus of the railroad, and from there sent his trunk containing his earthly possessions via boat to Cleveland, while he walked overland, but the trunk never came, the company giving damage. Taught school in the vicinity of Cleveland for about two years; in the meantime took a trip to Iowa in the fall of 1852, stopping on his way at Moline, Ill., where be was engaged for a short time in assisting his uncle, the Hon. S. W. Wheelock, a large paper manufacturer, and one of the first in the Mississippi Valley. While here, having a desire to take a view of the bluffs of Iowa, he borrowed a horse of his uncle and in a few hours crossed the river and became so infatuated with the country and scenery that he prolonged his trip to twelve days, visiting Cedar Valley as far as Cedar Falls, little realizing until on his return that the horse was only a borrowed one, and found the owner very apprehensive in regard to its fate. He remained for about two years in Cedar county. In 1854 he selected a tract of 500 hundred acres of land between Monroe and Newton in Jasper county, coming to the land office on the 31st of March, 1854, through a heavy snow storm. April 1st being the first day of the opening of the office that spring the crowd of applicants, was very large, waiting the opening of the doors at 9 A. M., but the ingenuity of of the leading spirits was equal to the occasion. Finding it impossible to gain an entrance and be first, Thos. Mitchell conceived the idea of gaining admittance by numbers, and taking a piece of chalk he placed on his coat No. 1, Hoyt Sherman No. 2, Thos. Cavanaugh No. 3, thus marking out numbers to about half a dozen. Mitchell took the lead and announced the programme, which was through his eloquence adopted, and all were numbered. When Mr. Sherman's turn came it soon became evident to the crowd that he was entering a good many numbers, and those leaving the highest numbers adopted a novel method by going to Mr. Sherman's office and giving the number of his land to the clerk, which was forwarded to Mr. S. The consequence was that he was employed nearly all day in entering land, receiving for such service $1.00 for each 40 acres entered. Mr. R. remained here a part of the season, and purchased the lot upon which he now resides, No. 1105 Pleasant street. Then returned to Cleveland and entered upon the study of dentistry with B. F. & J. A. Robinson, and followed his profession in that city until July, 1860. He then started for Des Moines via boat, taking with him his trunk, a pair of colts and a buggy. Arriving at Chicago he started overland, leading one and driving the other colt. Coming to the edge of the prairie a troop of dogs from a settler's cabin came out and so frightened the colts that they turned for the city very suddenly, scattering the contents in wild confu-

DES MOINES. 857

sion. The Doctor succeeded in collecting the scattered articles, found the colts and returned to the stable from whence they had started in the morning, and renewed the journey by driving the colts together, although one had never been harnessed. They started on a full run, going past the cabin above mentioned at a rate of speed that left the dogs far in the rear. They soon quieted down and came the rest of the way in safety. The Doctor still owns and drives one of them, and notwithstanding its advanced years is still a "colt," and likely to remain so. He opened an office in Exchange Block, October 1, 1860, which he still occupies. Dr. Brownell was the only dentist at that time in Central Iowa, and soon after removed to New York State, leaving the subject of this sketch the oldest resident of his profession, and in which he has been satisfactorily successful, Was married October 11, 1855, to Miss Amelia Rawson, of Richfield, Ohio. She is the daughter of Dr. S. Rawson. who was an eminent medical practitioner of that city for upwards of forty years. He is now 84 years of age, and resides with his daughter. Dr. and Mrs. Rawson have two children: Nellie and Alonzo P.

REDHEAD, WESLEY-A native of Penrith, county of Northumberland, England. Was born July 22, 1825. When four years of age he emigrated with his parents to Montreal, Canada. During the cholera epidemic of 1831-2 his mother was stricken and died, and two weeks later his father died. Wesley, then six years of age, and his next older brother went to live with an uncle at Cincinnati, Ohio, where he lived until fourteen years old, attending school a part of the time and working as "printer's devil" the remainder of the time. He was one of the first newsboys, now so common in our large cities, employing his leisure hours in selling papers on the steamboats. In 1839 he was sent to live with his eldest brother, a cabinet maker, at Fairfield, Vermont, but after remaining a short time ran away. He walked to St. Albans, and thence worked his way to Whitehall, N. Y., where he hired out to drive horses on the canal, continuing in this employment during that season. He then hired out to a farmer in Washington county, and two years later went to Saratoga Springs, where for two seasons he was employed as "dipper boy" at Congress spring. Then returned to Cincinnati. He next hired out as cabin boy on a steamboat bound for the Upper Mississippi, but on arriving at Bloomington (now Muscatine), in September, 1844, he concluded to visit a brother living at Iowa City, and accordingly arrived at his destination safely and late at night. He soon obtained employment at $3 per week in the office of the Iowa Capitol Reporter, conducted by Jesse Williams, then Territorial Printer. The next year, 1845, he went to Anamosa, Jones county. Was getting along well, when he was taken sick, and being obliged to give up his situation, returned to Iowa City, where he was ill for nine months. Not being able to engage in hard work, he learned the tailoring business-served three years, and afterward worked as a journeyman tailor until the winter of 1851, when he decided to start in business for himself. Coming to Fort Des Moines, he continued his trade one year, and then clerked for the same length of time. At the expiration of that time he was appointed Postmaster by President Fillmore, to fill a vacancy caused by the resignation of Hoyt Sherman. He held the office nine years, and then resigned. While holding that position he opened a bookstore, the fourth one started in the State, the sales averaging about $5.00 per week. Since 1869 Mr.

858 BIOGRAPHICAL.

Redhead has been largely engaged in the Des Moines Coal Company, being principal owner, Secretary and Superintendent. He is also Secretary and treasurer of the Black Diamond Coal Company, in Marion county, and besides is Treasurer of the Des Moines Scale Company, a director of the State National Bank, and Vice-president of the State Printing Company. Mr. Redhead has been twice married. First, in October, 1851, to Miss Isabel Clark, of Iowa City. After seven years of uninterrupted happiness she died, leaving no children. In 1860 he led to the altar Miss Annie Seymour, a native of Kentucky, who removed to Des Moines in 1857, a ward of Judge McHenry. They have six children living: David, George S., Lizzie K., Middy, Charles W. and Robert S. Have lost one, Annie Bell.

REED, W. A.-Is one of the oldest citizens and prominent business men of Des Moines. Though he emigrated to this place late in life, he is so thorough a representative of the New England enterprise and energy which form so valuable an element in the population of the West that he rapidly built up a prosperous business. Was born of Quaker parents, in Lynn, Mass., on the 1st day of June, 1807. His grandparents on both sides were among the first settlers of Massachusetts. During his boyhood until ten years of age he attended the Friends' school. At that date his father moved to Ohio, which was then emphatically the West, and a sparsely settled country. The long and tedious journey thither by the primitive means of emigration occupied two months. Born so early in the century, Mr. Reed retains a vivid personal recollection of many of the stirring incidents of that eventful period of our national history. He saw the famous Chesapeake and Shannon fight, near Nahant, and well remembers the sadness and despair in Boston when it was known that the stars and stripes were lowered on the Chesapeake and both vessels were sailing seaward. In company with his father he attended the military funeral of Lawrence and Ludlow at Salem. He also saw the first steamboat built at Boston. After the emigration of the family to Ohio the subject of this sketch remained with his father until his father's death, having assisted him in clearing a wood farm, and after his decease cleared one for himself. When he was twenty-one years of age he commenced the manufacture of leather at Massillon, Ohio, and with much energy and small capital was ,successful. In his twenty-fifth year he joined the first temperance  organization of Massillon. In June of that year he returned for a visit to his native place, and  was in Boston in July when Andrew Jackson's veto message of the United States Bank was received, an event which produced intense excitement among the best men of the city. In March of that year the death of his mother occurred. In October he was married to Miss Eleanor S. Wright, of Millersburg, Ohio. During the following ten years three sons and three daughters were born to them. In 1849 Mr. Reed went to California in quest of better health and of the gold which was then drawing men like a magnet to the Pacific coast. He was successful in his two-fold enterprise during a sojourn of sixteen months, regained his health, and returned home. In the winter of 1850-1 he engaged in active business. At the age of fifty he moved to Des Moines, where he found friends and business, and during a business extending over the last twenty-three years, characterized by integrity and success, he has been one of the solid merchants of the city. To its growth he has contributed, having during that time built a brick house and brick store and eight residences. He has

DES MOINES. 859

also improved six-farms in this vicinity. His family now consists of one son and one daughter and four grandsons and two granddaughters. Mr. Reed is now seventy-three years of age, and after forty-eight years of married life with the wife of his youth in full health, is still actively engaged in the daily pursuits of business.

REES, DR. D. B.-Physician. Was born in Vermillion county, Illinois, May 19, 1825, and received his education in the common schools of that State, remaining there until 1846. On the fourth of July of that year he came to Polk county, landing on what is known as the six-mile strip, east of Carlisle. He was raised as a farmer and followed that occupation until 1849, when he commenced clerking. During his spare moments he studied medicine by himself, and in August, 1857, studied with Dr. Beck at Palmyra, as preceptor. He attended lectures at the Eclectic Medical College of Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1858 and '59, and in the fall of 1859 he commenced practicing at Dalamanutha, Guthrie county. He continued there for four years and then returned to Palmyra in 1862. Practiced there until 1874, when he located in Des Moines. February 2,1848, he was married to Miss Mary S. Edegerton, a native of Grant county, Indiana. They have a family of six children, five now living: Sylvester C., William W., Lewis A., Della C. and Iva E. Lost one, Celissa J. (She left one child, Maud)

REINIG, CHARLES P.-Saloon and proprietor of billiard parlors. Was born in Baden, Germany, July 10, 1839, and when twelve years of age he, with his parents, emigrated to this country, and went to Lancaster, Ohio, where they lived three years, and then came to this city. His father built one of the first brick blocks in the city. Mr. Reinig was married here on the 30th day of October, 1862, to Miss Mary A. Hughes, a native of the same place as himself. She was raised in Madison county, this State. They have a family of two sons and two daughters: Ida May, Charles Edward, William F. and Etta Worthington.

RICE, HON. BYRON-The subject of this brief biography is counted among Des Moines' most honored citizens. A native of Madison county, New York. He was born on the 24th of May, 1826, the son of Dr. John Rice. He received a good common school and academic education, and in 1840, being then sixteen years of age, began teaching, devoting the winters to this vocation and the summers to the study of law. Five years later he entered the New York State Normal School at Albany and graduated from the same in 1847. After closing his literary studies he entered the office of Denison Robinson, District Attorney of the county, and there continued his legal studies until August, 1849, when he was admitted to the bar by the Supreme Court then in session at Ithica. Immediately removing to the West he settled at Des Moines, Iowa, and forming a partnership with Mr. J. E. Jewett, established himself in the practice of his profession. In August, 1850, he was elected Prosecuting Attorney, and in the following year was elected County Judge and administered the duties of that office four years. Resigning that position in the spring of 1855, he then, in company with Judge Greene, of the Supreme Court, and Mr. John Weaver, of Cedar Rapids, turned his attention to banking, and continued in that business until 1859. Judge Rice next formed a partnership with Hon. D. O. Finch and Mr. George Clark, and again took up the practice of his profession, and continued the same with reasonable success until the fall of 1876, since which time he has not been actively employed in any regular business.

860 BIOGRAPHICAL.

He was married on the 19th of September, 1854; to Miss Cornelia Calder; a daughter of Joseph Calder, of Cedar Rapids, Iowa. Of the seven children who have been born to them four are now living, namely: Spencer M., Elizabeth, John E. and William B.

RICE, I. N.-Dealers in pianos, organs and musical instruments. Was born in Montgomery county, Indiana, August 28, 1847, and lived there until 1857, when his parents removed to Osceola, Clarke county, Iowa. In 1867 our subject removed to Afton and engaged as a clerk in the dry goods house of Seth Richard, one of the prominent merchants of Iowa. In 1870 he became a partner. This relation continued until 1877, when he removed to this city and engaged in his present business, and is the leading house in his line in Central Iowa. He was married June 8, 1868, to Miss Loonia E. Beebe, of Brookfield, Missouri. Their family consists of three children: Lena, James L. and an infant.

RICH, H. H.-Was born January 26, 1829, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and there remained for some time, during which time he was engaged principally in working at his trade, he being a mason and plasterer  by occupation. In 1855 he came to Iowa, locating in Iowa City, where he remained for a short time and then came to Des Moines, and has since been engaged in working at his trade, having helped to construct the old capital building, and having also worked on the Agricultural College the Warren county court-house, and also the Madison county court-house. He had the contract for and did the plastering of the Sixth ward school-house in Des Moines, besides having had the contract for the mason work and plastering of numerous smaller buildings in the city. In March, 1880, he was appointed policeman for the East Side, which position he is now filling.

RICHTER, GEO.-Of the firm of Richter & Lowry, dealers in groceries, provisions, etc. Among those who are now in business in East Des Moi nes none have been engaged therein for so long a period as the subject of this sketch. He is a native of Bavaria, Germany, and was born on the 26th day of October, 1835, and emigrated to the United States in 1861, locating in Laporte, Indiana. He made his residence there for three years and then removed to Valparaiso, that State, where he remained two years. He then came to Des Moines and established his present business. Mr. Richter is kind and obliging, and these qualities, combined with his business qualifications, have enabled him to build up a lucrative trade. He married in La Porte, Indiana, to Miss Emma M. Amtage, September 13, 1863. She is a native of Prussia. They have by this union four sons. Schiller, Frank, George and Harry.

ROBERTSON, S. A.-One of the earliest settlers of Western Ohio, as well as one of its most energetic and persevering business men, was Samuel Robertson. He was a native of Kentucky, and was one of the noble sons of that State who, in 1812, taught England to respect America's rights coming out of that conflict wearing a major's epaulettes, bravely won. At the close of that war he removed to Preble county, Ohio, in 1815. Here he became extensively engaged as a contractor, building some of the finest court-houses in that State. Here, too, on the 23d day of December, 1835, his son, the subject of this sketch, was born and reared, who, like his father, became a prominent contractor and builder. While yet a youth of seventeen years he was widely known for his business ability through that part of the State. In April, 1856, he removed to what now

DES MOINES. 861

constitutes the city of Des Moines, and at once engaged in his chosen occupation, in connection with which he now owns and operates a valuable quarry on the C., R. I. & P. R. R. in Madison county. His course has been characterized by untiring energy and devotion to business, ever ready in material aid and counsel in advancing every enterprise calculated to promote the interest and growth of the city. He has served the city as a member of its Council faithfully and well, and we quote from the State Register of March 3, 1880, the following: " We cannot, as a paper of the public as well as of a party, refrain from giving to Mr. Robertson the hearty tribute and praise which are due to him for the great work for Des Moines, present and future, that he has done in the Council. The sewer system for which the city so long had waited was introduced by him and through his unceasing energy, and the city had in that the benefit of his unusual skill and experience as a builder. That we have a sewer system to-day, and that it is projected on the wise scale that it is, is largely due to Mr. Robertson and the people who have the good of the city and its future interest at heart can never too gratefully remember him for this and for many other good works in the Council. This is an unusual thing for a Republican paper to say of a Democrat, and a Democratic official. But as it is in an unusual emergency, and of an unusual man, we will take the privilege, and find a pleasure in saying it." He was married March 27, 1857, to Miss Margaret, daughter of John Porter. She was born in Ripley, Ohio. Their family consists of six children living: John P., Susan B., Edith, Emma, Kittie and Maggie. Have lost three: Libbie, Lownie and Bertha .

ROBINSON, T. B.-Grocer. Was born July 10, 1844, in Oswego county, New York, and at the age of eight years moved with his parents to Kane county, Illinois. His boyhood was spent on a farm until the age of seventeen years, when, on the 2d of August, 1861, he enlisted in company A, Thirty-sixth Illinois infantry, serving until January, 1864, when he veteraned at New Iberia, Louisiana, and served until the close of the war. He was honorably discharged at Springfield, Illinois, in January, 1866, having been in all the battles and skirmishes in which his company was engaged. In 1867 he came to Iowa and located in Dubuque, and thence to Des Moines, in 1869, and engaged in gardening until 1874, when, on the 1st of April, he opened a fruit and vegetable store on Walnut street. This he continued until December, 1875, when he sold out, and in company with A. S. Todd bought the grocery stock of Win. Brunsdon. They continued there until August, 1877, when the firm was changed by Mr. Todd selling his interest to I B. James. They continued the business until April 1, 1880. He then bought Mr. James' interest, and since has done a successful business. He came here with seventy-five dollars and what he has accumulated is the result of economy, industry, and, honesty. He was married September 22, 1875, to Miss Clara L. Hart, of Ohio. They have two children: Percy and Leavitt.

ROBINSON, HIRAM-Of the firm of Robinson & Atherton. Was born in Bradford, England, January 13, 1839, and lived there until 1846, and then emigrated with his parents to the United States, settling in Lawrence, Massachusetts, where the subject of this sketch grew to manhood. He enjoyed the good educational advantages of that State and assisted his father in a store until 1855, and for two years was in the employ of the Lawrence Machine Shops; he then supplemented his education by one

862 BIOGRAPHICAL.

year's attendance at a private school. From 1858 to 1861 he was engaged in the steam-heating business, and then enlisted in the army and served his adopted country faithfully and well and was mustered out as captain. In 1865 he removed to Chicago and resumed his former occupation in the steam-heating business and lived there until 1869 and then came to this city, where he has since conducted the leading business in his line in Central and Western Iowa. In 1870 he purchased the gas fitting department of the Des Moines Gas Company, and which the firm successfully conduct in connection with their steam-heating business. He was married in November,  7 1862, to Miss Lizzie Gallie, a resident of Lawrence, Massachusetts, but born in Liverpool, England.  They have three children: Gussie, James Alfred and Bessie Maud.

ROGERS, JOHN-Dealer in boots and shoes, was born in Ireland, January 15, 1831, and emained there until three years of age, when he emigrated to America, landing at Quebec. From there he went to Ohio, and there received his education, after which he went to Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, where he learned the shoemaking trade and followed the same for three years, then returned to Ohio, where he became engaged in the manufacture of boots and shoes and continued this until April, 1853, when he  went to Agency City, Wapello county. There he remained until 1856, and then came to this city. He carries a good stock in his line and enjoys a liberal share of the patronage. He was married in Ohio, April 21, 1852, to Miss Ellen McManus. Their family consists of two children: Joseph and Frank.

RUNNELLS, JOHN S.-Born in Effingham, N. H., July 30, 1844. Graduated at Amherst College, Amherst, Massachusetts, in 1865; taught the high school at Dover, New Hampshire, and studied law there until 1867, then came to McGregor, Iowa. Shortly afterward was appointed private secretary to Governor Merrill. March 31, 1869, married Helen R., daughter of Adjutant-General N. B. Baker. Appointed consul to Turnstall, England. Came home in 1871 and was employed upon the Iowa State Register. In 1872 he became a member of the law firm of Gatch, Wright & Runnells. In 1875 was elected Reporter of the Supreme Court, which. office he still holds. Upon his election he retired from the firm of Gatch, Wright & Runnells and for two years devoted himself exclusively to the duties of his office. In 1877 he formed a law partnership with Galuslia Parsons, under the firm name of Parsons & Runnells, which co-partnership has been prosperous and still continues. In 1879 he was chosen chairman of the Republican State Central Committee, and was re-elected this year to the same position. He was a delegate to the Chicago convention in 1880, and was here chosen a member of the Republican National Committee for the ensuing four years. It will thus be seen that Mr. Runnels is a man of much more than county or even State reputation. He is widely known and generally admired for many brilliant qualities. He is a gentleman of finished culture and fine social accomplishments, inspiring strong personal attachment among all who know him. As a public speaker he is ranked among the very finest in the State, and his ability as a party organizer and manager, at the head of the State Committee, has been signally shown in the conduct of perhaps the most difficult campaign ever known in the State. It goes without telling, among those who know Mr. Runnells best, to predict for him a future career second to that of no man in Iowa. Their family consists of three children: Mabel, Lucy, and Clive.

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SCHOLTZ, LOUIS-Mr. Scholtz war, born in Prussia, April 13, 1826. When thirteen years of age he was apprenticed to the tailoring trade and served three and one-half years. He then spent four years in Berlin, Dresden, Vienna, Warsaw and St. Petersburg, where he acquired a perfect knowledge of his business. At twenty-one years of age he entered the Prussian army, and served three years, during the revolution of 1848 and 1850, and during the latter year was honorably discharged. He at once returned to his trade and spent five years in Paris, Hamburg and London. In 1855 he came to America and stopped for a short time in Boston and New York; thence he went to Toronto, where he remained one year, thence he returned to New York, where he was employed as a cutter until 1861, when he went to Cincinnati and Indianapolis, where he embarked in the merchant tailoring business. In 1868 he came to Des Moines and has established a popular and profitable business and has the leading house in that line. Mr. Scholtz is of sanguine temperament, positive in character, radical in ideas and independent in action. He is courteous, social and highly esteemed in business and social circles. April 3, 1855, he was united in marriage, at Sheffield, England, with Marian, second daughter of Captain John Nelsen, of London. Six children have been born to them: Edmund L., John Nelsey, Alfred H., Ada M., William O. and Beatrice L. Three of the children have died.
 
SCOTT, RUFUS I.-Was born in Richmond, Wayne county, Indiana, where he received his education and early training. At the age of fifteen years he commenced his railroad career as a train boy and steadily advanced till the age of eighteen years, when he was given charge of a train on the Chicago & Great Eastern Railway. He remained in the employ of that company until 1867, and in May, 1868, came to Des Moines and entered the employ of the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Railroad. After twelve years' continual service in the employ of this great corporation, he still holds the position of passenger conductor, and is favorably known by hundreds of the traveling public as one of the most gentlemanly and efficient officers of the road. He was married March 3,1870, to Miss Sarah H. Jordan, of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. They have one child, a son, named Harry V. A very interesting and lovely child, a daughter named Jessie J., died July 9, 1871.

SCUVILLE, TYLER-Manager of the Iowa School Furniture Company, was born in Chatauqua county, New York, April 3,1839, and resided there until 1869, when he came to Des Moines, and for a time was in the real estate business with Percival & Hatton. His father is a carriage builder by trade, which business the son followed until he came West. In January, 1874, he became treasurer and manager of the furniture company, which position he still occupies. He is an active, zealous business man, and has done much to enhance. the interests and extend the trade of the company. He was married in Cleveland, Ohio, April 3, 1860, to Miss Eunice H. Percival. They have four sons and one daughter: Willie P., Melvin J., Percy, Tyler and Ella.

SEEBERGER, J. D.-Comparatively few business men are successful in these days of fluctuation, strife and competition. The risks are great in all enterprises, and rarely does mere genius succeed, aside from untiring industry, in any department. Moreover, it is the man who follows a single line and bends his energies in one direction, in whatever occupation, who is most likely to make his mark in the world. Mr. Seeberger, who is here briefly noticed, is one of the few who may fairly and rightly claim to have

864 BIOGRAPHICAL.

been successful in business, and he has become so by fulfilling the conditions of success as suggested above. He was born at New York City on the 4th of November, 1836, but was raised in Wooster, Ohio. He received his early education at the common schools, and in 1850, being but fourteen years of age, he left home to commence life for himself. He secured a situation as clerk in a dry goods store, remaining in that position for ten years, when the severe hard work and close confinement he had undergone commenced to tell upon his physical system and he was forced to make a change. He went to Idaho, where he was restored to health, and remained there three years. Then, in 1864, returned to Chicago, and in February of the year following came to this city and bought the interest of Mr. Childs, of the firm of Childs & Howell, hardware dealers, and conducted the business for nine years udder the name of Howell & Seeberger. At the expiration of this time he purchased the former's interest and has since conducted a business second to no house in his line in the State, and, as a business man, has established a wide and honorable reputation, and no one has contributed more to Des Moines' good name as a business center. He was married November 13, 1866, to Miss M. B. Cooper, of Mount Vernon, Ohio.

SEEBURGER, R.-Is one of the contributions of Germany to the list of successful business men of Des Moines. He was born in Faderland, December 29, 1833, and was there educated and served his time at the trade of harness making and upholstering. He came to this country in 1854 and settled in Columbus, Ohio, where for a year he followed his trade. He then came to Iowa City and followed the same business. While there he lined and trimmed the first stage coach in this State. Here he remained until 1860, when he came to Des Moines in the employ of the Western Stage Company until 1863. He then went into the grocery trade, buying out Rollins & Hermon, following this business until 1873. He then sold out and went into the butter and egg business, which he has since successfully managed. In this line his business has been immense, and it has required rare business tact to manage it. April, 1857, he was married to Miss Fannie Ruck. She was a native of Erie, Pennsylvania. They are the parents of four children: Rammond J., Albert H., Walter L. and Francis E.

SERRIN, J. R.-Of the firm of Serrin & Fairbanks, millers, was born in Washington, D. C., March  2, 1831, and at the age of three years removed with his parents to Terre Haute, Indiana, living there until fourteen years of age, at which time he went  to New York City. While there he was engaged in clerking until 1856, when he came to Iowa and settled at Davenport, and for one year followed different lines of business. In 1857 he went to Marengo, Iowa county, and engaged in the mercantile business, which he followed until September, 1862, when he enlisted in company E, Twenty-fourth Iowa infantry. May 16, 1863. he was wounded at the battle of Champion's Hill, through the knee, and while rolling down the hill was shot in the head and thigh. He was discharged in September, 1863, on this account, and after returning home he again commenced the mercantile business, which he continued until 1870. He then went into the milling business, continued the same until December, 1879, then came to Des Moines and bought the mill in company with Mr. Fairbanks. In 1864 he was appointed postmaster at Marengo, which office he held until Andrew Johnson's administration. He was elected to the Eleventh General Assembly of Iowa, from Iowa county, in 1866, and served for one term. Was

DES MOINES. 865

married, August 18, 1859, to Miss Sophia McConnell, a native of Ohio. They have three children: J. R. and Thomas H., living, and one deceased, Lincoln.

SHANKLAND, J. M.-Of the firm of Shankland & Lockwood, grocers  was born in Noble county, Ohio, November 13, 1830, and there was raised on a farm and educated in the common schools. In 1864 he engaged in the mercantile business in Summerfield, Ohio, where he remained until 1870. He then came to this city and was employed to work by City Engineer Pelton, following the same about two years. He then went to clerking in the grocery house of B. W. Morrison, with whom he remained until October 1, 1878, when, in company with B. C. Lockwood, bought out Mr. Morrison, and since that time have continued the business at the old stand. He was married, November 20, 1860, to Miss E. G. Hare, a native of Ohio. They have six children : Carrie, John, Wilbur, Frank, Nellie and an infant.

SHERMAN, HOYT-Among the early pioneer settlers who have watched the growth of this populous city, from a little hamlet of a few houses to its present population, and have seen it take its place as the metropolis of Iowa, is the name which heads this sketch. He is the son of Hon. Charles R. Sherman, Judge of the Supreme Court of Iowa, from 1825 until his death, which occurred in 1829, and brother of Hon. John Sherman, Secretary of the Treasury, Gen. W. T. Sherman of the U. S. army, and of the late Hon. Chas. B. Sherman, Judge of the U. S. Court, for the Northern district of Ohio, and was born in Lancaster, Ohio, November 1, 1827, and until eighteen years of age divided his time between attending school and learning the trade of printer with his brothers Charles and John in Mansfield, Ohio. He then followed a cherished plan to emigrate West, and early in the spring of 1848 he came to Iowa and settled in Des Moines, and in 1849 was admitted to the bar. His first business engagement was with Thomas McMullen, School Fund Commissioner. He became connected with Casady & Tidrick and served as deputy postmaster until 1849,when he was appointed postmaster by President Pierce, and held the office until 1853 when he resigned and recommended his successor, who was appointed. In 1849 he was elected clerk of the District Court. Mr. Sherman was one of the organizers of the State Bank of Iowa, and was cashier of the same until 1861 when he was appointed a paymaster in the U. S. army with the rank of major. After his return from the army he engaged for a short time in mercantile pursuits. He was one of the incorporators of the Equitable Life Insurance Company, and in 1868 took the general management of the same and still holds this position. As a citizen he has always shown a worthy public spiritedness, and has heartily sympathized with all local improvements and enterprise. His career has been both honorable and successful, and as a man is appreciated most by those who know him best. He was married to Miss Sarah Moulton in 1855. She is a native of Ohio. Their family consists of five children: Frank A. (an attorney in his father's office), Addie M., Charles M., Arthur and Nellie T.

SHERMAN, BUREN R.-Auditor of State, was born in Phelps, Ontario county, New York, on the twenty-eighth of May, 1836, and there received his early education in the public schools,  concluding his studies at Elmira, New York. He never had a collegiate course but being a close observer has gained a practical knowledge of men and things that admirable fits him for active business life. At the close of his studies he apprenticed himself to learn the watchmaker's trade, and in 1855 he removed to

866 BIOGRAPHICAL.

Iowa and settled in Tama county. There he followed agricultural pursuits, employing his leisure hours in the study of law, which he had begun at Elmira. In the summer of 1859 he was admitted to the bar and the following spring removed to Vinton and began the practice of law. A flourishing practice was built up, and he was prospering, when, upon the opening of the war in 1861, Mr. Sherman enlisted as second sergeant in company G, Thirteenth Iowa volunteer infantry, and immediately went to the front. In February, 1862, he was made second lieutenant of company E. On the sixth of the following April he was severely wounded at the battle of Pittsburg Landing, and while in the hospital was promoted to the rank of captain. He remained on duty till the summer of 1863, when by reason of his wound he was compelled to resign and return home. Soon after returning from the army he was elected County Judge of Benton county, Iowa, and re-elected without opposition, in 1865. In the fall of 1866 he resigned the judgeship, and accepted the office of Clerk of the District Court, to which he was reelected in 1868, 1870 and 1872, and in December, 1874, resigned in order to accept his present office, Auditor of State. Captain Sherman was married on the twentieth of August, 1862, to Miss Lena Kendall of Vinton, Iowa, a young lady of rare accomplishments and strength of character. They have two children: Lena K. and Oscar E.

SHERMAN, L. P.-Collector of revenues for the Fifth District of Iowa. Is a native of Fairfield county, Ohio, and was born on the 13th day of October, 1821, and belongs to the Sherman family who have attained to a high civil and military fame. Being deprived of the care of a father early in life he went to Cincinnati when eight years of age and became a member of the family of Charles Hammond, Esg., by whom he was principally raised. He learned the trade of printing and followed it for many years: In 1849 he came to Des Moines and was urged to enter journalism and inducements were offered in the way of a bonus and a promised list of subscribers, which were accepted, and he commenced the publication of the Fort Des Moines Weekly Gazette. The promises were easily broken, and there was almost an utter failure in the bonus and the subscription list fell far below the promised number. He was urged to continue his enterprise, and he accepted conditionally, that he should be paid one-half the cost of his material in Cincinnati, and have a business manager and an editor. The proposition met with favor, and P. Meyers became business manager and Judge Williamson editor. The name was changed to the State Journal, and after continuing under the new management for a few months Mr. Sherman was left to shoulder the responsibility, minus the promised aid, and at the end of the year sold the material, which was used in the office of the Star. He then engaged in mercantile pursuits and afterward entered the employ of Hoyt Sherman & Co. In 1867 he was appointed to his present position, and as an official he is prompt, methodical, perfectly reliable and very efficient. He has been honored by his fellow citizens with the offices of mayor, recorder, treasurer, and member of the city council. He has been twice married. First to Miss Mary Getchell, of Ohio, in 1846. She died in 1849, leaving one son, Charles H., now connected with the United States Mint, in San Francisco. His second marriage occurred December 31, 1851, to Miss Susan R. Lawson, a native of Missouri. They have by this marriage three children: John, Minnie E., and L. P., Jr.

DES MOINES. 867

SIMS, GEORGE C.-Railway Postal Clerk, was born July 28, 1844,- in Pickaway county, Ohio, and when four years of age his parents removed to this county, where he was raised and educated. During the war of the rebellion he served in company E, Fourth Iowa infantry, enlisting in 1861, and serving three years, when he re-enlisted as a veteran and served until the close of the war. During the latter part of the war he was on detached duty at brigade headquarters. During the time he was in the service he participated in no less than thirty-three hard fought battles, being twice slightly wounded, the first being at White Oak Mountain and the other at the battle of Atlanta. At the close of the war he engaged in agricultural pursuits, which he followed until 1873, when he removed to Des Moines and was appointed constable for Lee township, which office he held until 1874, when he resigned for the purpose of accepting a position in the mail service from Omaha to Davenport, and afterward from Omaha to Chicago. He is now occupying the position of Railway Post-office Clerk, running from Wilton Junction to Chicago. He was united in marriage to Phebe D. Hallett, of this county, July 4, 1869. Have two children living: Mertie and William D.

SMITH, PROF. T. H.-The public schools of the country are its chief glory, and those of Iowa are deservedly popular, and among the schools of the State those at the capital are, as they should be, among the best. They are not the creature of day, neither did they spring into their present condition of efficiency and usefulness without years of toil and perseverance. Scores of noble men and women have contributed to this result, and should have a share in the honor. Among this number none deserve more credit than Prof. Smith, who has so long and so faithfully been engaged in building up the schools of the Capital City, and who still holds the position of superintendent. He was born in Harrison county. Ohio. April 22, 1838. During the late war he enlisted in the One Hundred and Twenty-sixth Ohio infantry. After serving one year was discharged on account of disability in the form of inflammatory rheumatism. Prior to his enlistment he had completed a regular classical course at Oberlin College, graduating in 1860. He came to Iowa in 1871, having been located at Mattoon, Ill., as Superintendent of Schools for four years. From Washington Prof. Smith went to Cedar Rapids, and was superintendent of the public schools in that city for a number of years. From Cedar Rapids he came to Des Moines, and has faithfully, efficiently, and acceptably discharged the duties of the office of superintendent till the present time. By his untiring efforts the schools have been raised from a condition of inefficiency and chaos to that of the best discipline and most perfect organization in the State. Prof. Smith was married in 1879 to Sarah E. Graham. Mrs. Smith, at the time of her marriage, was also engaged in the school work, and had earned the reputation of being one of the most successful teachers in the State.

SMITH, N. W.-Superintendent of the machinery, derricks, etc., on the capitol. Born July 24, 1838, in what is now Scott county, Iowa not then being organized as a Territory. He was raised and learned the trade of a stonemason, and also that of a blacksmith, in that county. In 1868 he removed to Macoupin county, Ill., where was engaged in the construction of the new court-house at that place. From there he went to Springfield, Ill., and was engaged on the new capitol building of that State, until he came to Des Moines in 1871. Since coming to Des Moines he has had charge

868 BIOGRAPHICAL.

of his present position on the new State House, having under his supervising all of the work except carpentering, stone-cutting and brick-laying. In 1871, he was united in marriage to Miss Augusta Haskins, a resident of New York State. Have three children: Anna May, Nettie B., and Ernest N.

SMITH, J. H.-City marshal. Was born in Johnson county, Iowa, December 27, 1848, and was raised on a farm until sixteen years of age, then went to Iowa City, where he learned the trade of blacksmith. On arriving at his majority he came to this city and opened a shop, and continued business until February, 1879, when he went to Leadville; returned in August of the same year, and in the spring of 1880 was elected to his present position. He married Elnora Wical, November 9, 1870. She was a resident of Johnson county, Iowa, but a native of Ohio. They have two children: Guy W. and Nellie M.

SMITH, JOHN L.-Was born at Cazanovia, New York, December 12, 1814. His father died when he was quite young and left his mother with a large family of children. At the age of fourteen he joined the American Fur Company and went as a trader among the Chippeway and Winnebago Indians in Michigan and Wisconsin, delivering fur at Chicago as early as 1830. Mr. Smith remained in the employ of the company seven years and then settled at Findlay, Ohio. In 1840 he moved to Piqua, Miami county, Ohio, and engaged in the manufacture of fanning mills, under the firm name of Sawyer & Smith. He there married Mary A. Girard, May 3, 1842, who survives him. He removed to Rock Island, Illinois, in 1850, and engaged in the mercantile business until October, 1854, when he moved to Des Moines, Iowa, and was for a short time in the same business on Second street. He then engaged in the land business and subsequently in the marble business. In 1866 he was appointed Indian Agent for the Otoe and Missouri reservation in Gage county, Nebraska, and held that position until superseded by the Quaker policy of President Grant, when he again organized in business in Des Moines. Mr. Smith died on the 26th of May, 1874, from injuries received from being thrown from a carriage drawn by a runaway team. Mr. S. united with the Baptist Church at the early age of thirteen years, and continued a consistent and active member of that denomination to the time of his death. He was widely known among the Baptists of Central Iowa, and was generally in attendance at their annual associations. He was a man of unusual energy, active and earnest in all his undertakings. Five children survive him: Three girls, and Hiram Y. Smith, formerly District Attorney, and Ed. L. Smith, at present and for seven years last past Deputy Sheriff of Polk county.

SMITH, HIRAM Y.-Was born at Piqua, Miami county, Ohio, on the 22d day of March, 1843, moved with his father, John L. Smith, to Rock Island, Illinois, in 1850, and from thence to Des Moines, Iowa, in October, 1854. Was appointed captain's clerk in the United States navy, in January, 1862, but subsequently resigned and was appointed to a clerkship in the dead letter office of the post office department at Washington. From thence Mr. Smith was promoted to a clerkship in the office of the Secretary of the Treasury. In May, 1866, he graduated at the Law School at Albany, New York, and immediately returned to Des Moines and entered upon the practice of law, a member of the firm of Ingersoll & Smith. He has continued since in the practice of his profession and is now a member of the firm of Smith & Morris. Mr. S. was master of Pioneer Lodge No,

DES MOINES. 869

22, A. F. & A. M. of Des Moines in 1874, and was Grand Master of the Grand Council of Royal and Select Masons of Iowa for two terms, from October, 1872, to October, 1874. He was District Attorney of the Fifth judicial district of Iowa, consisting of Polk, Warren, Madison, Adair, Guthrie and Dallas counties, from 1875 to 1879. He was married to Susan Smiley, of Piqua, Ohio, April 10, 1873.

SNEER, GORGE-Was born in Washington county, Maryland, on the 3d day of May, 1835. His father died before his birth, and his mother was again married to Dr. F. C. Grimmel, by whom he was principally raised. From Maryland he was taken to Ohio, and in October, 1846, came with his family to Des Moines, and where for thirty-four years he has been so closely identified with all its interests. In early life he was engaged in agricultural pursuits, and in later years has held many important offices, among them member of the city council, in 1861; city clerk, in 1869; street commissioner, in 1870; member of the city council, in 1876; and mayor of the city in 1878-79; and as an officer has been fortunate in every capacity in which he has served and has made a good record, and his administration while mayor was characterized by efficiency and economy, and such as has recommended him to the hearty approval of the taxpayers and residents of the city. He was married November 23, 1856, to Miss Pauline E. Rein, a native of Baden, Germany. They have two children: George S. and Innie E.

SOULES, R. B.-Of the firm of Soules & Fleming, proprietors of the Utica Clothing Store. Was born in Oneida county, New York, August 19, 1824, and was there raised. Was educated in the common schools, and has followed mercantile pursuits most of his life. In 1854 he opened a general store in Oneida county, which he kept about three years and also began the manufacture of sheeting, cotton-wadding and paper. There he remained until 1875, when he sold out his interests and commenced the clothing trade at Utica, New York. He came to this city in March, 1877, and opened the celebrated Utica Clothing House, of which he still remains the head. They keep none but fine goods and enjoy an excellent trade, as they treat all alike and sell the goods for what they are worth. He was married March 3, 1847, to Miss Satira Bessey, a native of Oneida county, New York. She died January 19, 1856, leaving one child, D. D. Was married again, January 4, 1860, to Miss Mary A. Shaw, also a native of Oneida county, New York. They have no children.

SPOFFORD, S. F.-Was born in Jeffrey, Cheshire county, New Hampshire, May 11, 1808, and is the son of Abner Spofford and Betsey, nee Litch, both natives of New Hampshire. His father was a blacksmith and miller, and young Spofford, during his minority, was engaged a part of the time in "blowing and striking," as mill-boy and on the farm. In 1824. he removed to Tecumseh, Michigan, and engaged in agricultural pursuits. In the Spring of 1830 he drove the first stage that ever went west of Tecumseh. He bought a farm in 1839 and lived upon it until 1840, when, upon account of his wife's illness, he moved into the village of Tecumseh. While there he was elected constable, and during the following twelve years he held the offices of Sheriff, Deputy-Sheriff and United States Marshall of Lenawee county. In 1851 he became conductor on the Michigan Southern & Northern Indiana Railroad, between Toledo and Chicago, which position he held until 1855. In September of that year he moved to Des Moines, Iowa, and on the 16th of October next he purchased an undivided

870 BIOGRAPHICAL.

half interest in the "Des Moines House." The following 10th of June he purchased the other half and continued to run the hotel until 1862. During his residence in this city he has held many offices of trust and honor, being elected mayor of the city in the spring of 1864. He was one of the Directors of the State Agricultural Society for twelve years, and afterward served as Vice-President two years and President of the same society for 1877-8. He was Director and Treasurer of the City School Board for six years, and April 1, 1870, was commissioned by Governor Samuel Merrill, a member of the Iowa Centennial Board of Commissioners and served on the executive committee of both boards. For many years he was a director of the Citizens' National Bank of Des Moines. April 20, 1836, he married Miss Emeline E. Bixby, daughter of David and Laura Bixby, of Adrian, Michigan. She was born in Middlebury, Massachusetts, November 15, 1814, and died at Des Moines, July 17, 1878. To them three children, one son and two daughters, were born: Charles S. (born in Tecumseh, Michigan, October 10, 1837, died January 16th, 1872); Ellen E. (born in Adrian, May 14, 1845, died August 30, 1845); and Laura E. (born in Adrian, December 5; 1847, died August 25, 1849).

STEELE, DR. B. L.-Was born in Belmont county, Ohio, January 9, 1816, and was raised there until 1832, and his early life was divided between attending school and working on a farm. At the age of sixteen he commenced the study of medicine, and in 1852 came to Iowa and settled in Hartford, Warren county, and in 1861 came to this county and has since continued the practice of his profession. He married Miss Mary Carter, in 1844. She was born in Belmont county, Ohio.

STEWART, J. B.-Among the pioneer settlers of what is now the prosperous State of Iowa, and one who has witnessed the growth of Des Moines from a town of a few houses to one of the leading and most important cities of the State, is the subject of this sketch, who was born in St. Charles, Missouri, on the 2d day of August, 1821, and is the son of Abram Stewart and Emily, nee Ayers. The former was born in Vermont and the latter is a native of Ohio. His father was a physician, who received an appointment as surgeon in the United States army, and in 1805 was stationed at St. Louis. His mother preceded his father a year or two at this place and was present when the Spanish surrendered the place to the French, previous to the United States acquiring title. Dr. Stewart was wounded by the Indians in 1814 on his way to the river Prairie du Chien. Young Stewart's boyhood, until fourteen years of age, was spent principally in Pike and Marion counties, Missouri. In 1835 he came to what is now Lee county, then a part of Michigan Territory, and lived there under three Territorial Governments previous to Iowa being admitted as a State. Mr. Stewart was a reader of the Dubuque Visitor, the first paper published in the State. Until 1853 his time had been occupied in agricultural pursuits combined with a mercantile experience, and in that year he came to Des Moines as an employee of the United States Land Office. He has since that time been a resident of the county and has been closely identified with its interests. He married Miss Dora McKay in 1861. She is a native of Wyoming county, New York. Their family consists of four children: Mary, Cecil McK., Dora and Emily.

STEWART, WILLIAM R.-Was born in Lee county, Iowa, October 29,1853, where he passed the years of youth, and where he received the first lessons in commercial business under the watchful eye of his father,

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William R. Stewart, Sr., one of the first and for many years the leading business man of Southeastern Iowa. While yet a mere youth he became connected with his father and brothers in the well known firm of W. R. Stewart & Co. In 1877 the sons sold their interest in the business to the father and senior member of the firm. From 1877 to 1880 the subject of this sketch held the responsible position of traveling agent for the firm of Pitkin & Brooks, of Chicago, dealers in crockery, glassware, etc. Though holding a most desirable and lucrative position, Mr. Stewart did not design to continue the employment of his energies in the interest of another house when there was such an inviting field as Des Moines for the establishment of a house of his own. In May, 1880, he opened out at the corner of Fifth and Locust streets, numbers 419, 421, 423, Des Moines, a wholesale crockery-house. Though of but three months standing the house has already acquired a wide-spread reputation and is now doing a large and remunerative business. Mr. Stewart was married August 14, 1875, to Miss Carl Berte Little. She was a native of New Hampshire, daughter of William Little, Esq., of Littleton, New Hampshire, whose ancestors were the first settlers of that State. Mrs. Stewart died September 9,1876.

STEWART, L. A.-Was born in Lee county, Iowa, June 10, 1855 where he spent his youth and early manhood. He took a regular course of studies at the Iowa Wesleyan University, located at Mt. Pleasant, Iowa. His father, William R. Stewart, Sr., was one of the early merchants of the State, who, by uniting industry, with rare business sagacity, achieved an enviable reputation in the various business circles which came within the range of his influence. It was in his father's store that the subject of this sketch received the first lessons in business. At the age of fourteen he commenced business for himself, when, in 1869, he went to Hopeville, Clark county, Iowa, and engaged in an extensive general merchandise business, in which he continued for about one year. In 1870 he came to Des Moines, where his father had in the meantime located and engaged with the latter in business. In 1878 he established a wholesale oil store. This was the first oil jobbing house established in the Capital City and still remains the only one. It is one of the leading houses of the city and Central Iowa. It has full control of the oil market throughout a large region of country. Every barrel of oil which is shipped to Des Moines is ordered through this house. Mr. Stewart is a natural born business man and his experience has well fitted him to compete successfully with the shrewdest and most active business men. Though yet young in years he has a record which would do credit to one who has attained a fullness of years. 

STEWART, ADRIAN S.-Was born in Lee county, Iowa. He early entered his father's store, where he received a thorough and practical business education. He was in the employ of his brothers, L. A. and W. R. Stewart, until 1880, when he established the business which he now controls. His establishment is located on the corner of Fifth and Locust streets. He is a wholesale dealer in pocket-cutlery, scissors, shears, razors, etc. In connection with his two brothers, who likewise have been engaged in business in Des Moines, he has been succeeding far beyond his most sanguine expectations. The father, William R. Stewart, Sr., elsewhere  alluded to as a prominent business man of many years standing, was born in Athens county, Ohio, March 11, 1819, where he was raised and resided until he was twenty-one years of age, when he removed to West Point,

872 BIOGRAPHICAL.

Lee county, Iowa. Upon locating in Iowa he entered into the general merchandise business in partnership with his father, Col. William Stewart, who is now a resident of Fort Madison. Col. Stewart, the grandfather, was a veteran of the war of 1812, where he achieved a good reputation as an efficient officer. The great grandfather was a soldier of the Revolutionary war, and as a veteran of that great conflict made a record of which his descendents may well be proud. The subject of this sketch is the youngest son and head of the wholesale cutlery house. His splendid business education and natural adaptations for his chosen life work are sufficient guaranties of success.

SWOPE, HENRY H.-Blacksmith. Was born September 11,1828, in Clermont county, Ohio, and was raised in Ross county, although he served his apprenticeship in the former county. He spent his 'younger years at journey work, having been engaged in the same at different points. He came to Des Moines in May, 1855, where he has since resided. During the war he served as a member of company B, Twenty-third Iowa infantry, enlisting August 1, 1862, and serving until August, 1865, when his regiment was mustered out of the service. After being honorably mustered out of the service he returned to Des Moines and at once engaged in business on the East Side. He was united in marriage in 1868, to Melissa M. Simmons. She died June 6, 1877, in Des Moines, leaving one child, J. S.

TEACHOUT, HORACE E.-Proprietor of Capital City Ice Company. Was born January 5, 1846, and is a native of Onieda county, New York, and lived there until 1876. He graduated from the Eastman Business College, of Poughkeepsie, New York. Was raised a farmer, and that occupation he followed until 21 years of age, when he became engaged in the manufacturing of cheese. This he followed until he came to this city. Since that time he has been engaged in the above mentioned business. He was married in his native county to Miss Marian Meyers, November 11, 1867. They have one son, Herbert. Mr. T. was chairman of the Polk county Republican Central Committee, and also secretary of the school board.

THOMAS, DR. M. W.-Is a native of Maryland, and was born September 24, 1815. When a child his parents removed to Ohio, where his youth and early manhood were spent, principally in acquiring an education. Having a desire for the practice of medicine, he commenced its study and received his first diploma from the La Porte Medical College, in 1846, and in 1851 he graduated from the Ohio Medical College at Cincinnati. After three years practice in that State he removed to Franklin Ind., where he resided twelve years. In 1857 he came to Iowa, and was actively engaged in his chosen profession until the outbreak of the rebellion, when he enlisted in the Thirteenth Iowa infantry. He became regimental surgeon, and after promoted to the Sixth division, Seventeenth Army Corps, and had charge of the hospital of that division at Savannah. For a time he was professor of theory and practice of medicine in the Iowa Medical College at Keokuk. It was while holding the very responsible position of surgeon in the army that he had the wide range of experience, and his genius and skill in surgery were most frequently employed, but while holding the honorable place in the Iowa Medical College that, he became well and favorably known throughout the West as a physician of profound learning and ripe experience. He came to Des

DES MOINES. 873

Moines in September, 1865, since which time he has been constantly and actively engaged in pursuing his chosen profession. Several years ago he founded a medical and surgical institute for the treatment of deformities and all kinds of chronic diseases. This institution has been in operation four years, and has constantly grown in public favor and usefulness. He was married to Miss W. Kinsell in 1856. She is a native of Illinois, but raised in Kentucky. They have two children: Daisy K. and John K.  Dr. Thomas has a daughter, Mary E., by a former marriage.

THOMAS, J. R.-Of J. R. Thomas & Son, blacksmiths. Born December 19, 1821, in Oneida county, New York. When he was ten years of age his father removed to Delaware county, Ohio, where the subject of this sketch resided until 1840, when he took up his residence in Columbus, Ohio, where he served his apprenticeship. In 1854 he removed to Springfield, Illinois, where he remained some time, and in 1848 removed to Mt. Pulaski, Ill., where he carried on blacksmithing for eleven years. From the latter place he removed to Des Moines in 1859, where he has since resided and been engaged at his trade. He was married February 20, 1848,  to Anna M. Vliet, a native of Ohio. Have eight children;: M. A., W. E., E. J., D. L., Esther, John A., Lizzie and Mila R.

TONE, I. E.-Was born in Genessee county, New York, January 6, 1839. Was raised a farmer, and when arrived at his majority removed to Huron county, Ohio, where he was engaged in the occupation of farming for eight years. In 1868 he made a prospecting tour in the Western States, and returning to Ohio engaged in the oil and paint business in Cleveland for one year. In 1870 he entered in the confectionery business at Norwalk, Ohio, where he remained two years. At the expiration of that time he disposed of his business and engaged in the boot and shoe trade until 1873, when he came to Des Moines. When locating in the capital city be engaged in his present business in connection with a brother, J. Tone. The business in which the firm is engaged is that of spices, coffee and baking powder. Their business has gradually and constantly prospered. It is the only business of the kind in Central Iowa, and is an important feature in the history of Des Moines. He was married September 13, 1871, to Miss Betty O. Wheaton, of Norwalk, Ohio. They have two children: Jay and Fred.

TIDRICK, R. L.-Among the prominent names of Des Moines, early settlers is the subject of this sketch, who was born in Guernsey county, Ohio, August 20, 1825. At that time Ohio was regarded as a frontier country, and during his youth, which was passed in the county of his birth, Mr. Tidrick was inured to the hardships of pioneer life. Early in its history Ohio had an excellent public school system, and he is a very good example from a large number of successful business and professional men, who received the inspiration and preparation for their life work in the primitive log school-houses of the Buckeye State. Early in his youth he became connected with the County Clerk's office in his county town, and had a large experience for one so young, and while thus engaged he formed a taste for the legal profession, and after preparing himself was admitted to the bar in Cambridge, Ohio. Soon after his admission to the bar he removed to Iowa, arriving at Fort Des Moines on the 4th day of May, 1847. For a number of years after locating in his new home he was actively engaged in the practice of his chosen profession. Among those who were

874 BIOGRAPHICAL.

associated with him as partners were William McKay, afterward Judge of the District Court, and P. M. Casady, who was also elected to that honorable position. He held the position of postmaster at an early day, also the office of Register of the Land Office for several years, and until his resignation was accepted. In 1850 he was appointed Prosecuting Attorney, and in 1857 was elected mayor of Des Moines. For a number of years he has not been actively engaged in the practice of law, his entire time being given to the management of his private interests which by industry, prudence and superior business tact, have grown to a large estate. The whole history of the capital city is familiar to Mr. Tidrick, all of which be has seen, and part of which he has been. There is no one that has been more continuously and thoroughly identified with Des Moines' interest than Mr. T. He was married in 1850 to Miss Cornelia B. Chittenden, a native of Ohio. She died in 1868, leaving two children: George C. and R. Laning. Lost one child in infancy.

TOWN, J. J.-Cashier Valley Bank. Among the causes that have contributed to the prosperity of Des Moines and its reputation as a business center, its banks have been an important factor, and prominent among them is the Valley Bank, under the management of the subject of this sketch, who was born in Erie county, Pennsylvania, on the seventeenth day of October, 1826; and was raised there with a mercantile experience. In 1848 he removed to Elgin, Illinois, and made that place his home for sixteen years, and then returned to Erie, Pennsylvania, and remained there seven years and came to this city in July, 1871, and engaged in his present business, and with very satisfactory results. His financial ability has never been questioned, and as a man is careful and prudent, upright, reliable and honorable. Married Esther M. Graves of Steuben county, New York, in 1850. Three children: Louisa (now Mrs. Waldron), Bessie A. (wife of W. E. Andrews), William G. (of Home National Bank, Elgin, Illinois).

TURNER, DR. M. P.-Was born in Missouri, in October, 1824, and when four years of age removed with his parents to Morgan county, Illinois, where his early life was spent on a farm. After making choice of medicine as a profession, he studied with Dr. Stewart, of Exeter, that State, as preceptor, and graduated from the Illinois College, at Jacksonville. He then formed a co-partnership with his preceptor, and continued in practice six years. In 1853 he purchased a herd of cows and went overland to California, and remained there five years, the first three years it was a losing business, but with a tenacity characteristic of the man, he overcame all discouragements, and the last two years proved very successful. He 'returned to Illinois, and after a short residence there became convinced that Iowa offered a superior field for a man of energy, and resolved to come to Des Moines. He was largely instrumental in building the Court Avenue bridge over the Des Moines river, also the 'Coon river bridge. He was one of the incorporators and first stockholders of the Des Moines Street Railway Company, and when others became dissatisfied he purchased their interest, and at the present time is the sole proprietor. It has been a marked trait of Dr. Turner's life to throw his whole energy into whatever he undertakes, and being of a practical turn of mind he has spared no pains or expense in adapting ends to means, and in the management of this road he has manifested remarkable judgment as well as executive ability. He has patented an improvement for keeping his track clear of mud and snow, by means of brooms attached to the cars and worked automat-

DES MOINES. 875

ically, saving much expense; an invention that must commend itself to all who are interested in street railways, for its economy. Few men have the disposition, as has the subject of this sketch, to make large outlays without immediate returns, but he, with an eye to the future, has extended the road and afforded all the accommodations that the travel would justify to meet the wants of the public, and he has richly earned the success which his investments must return in the near future. A marked feature of his management has been that the road has never had a bonded debt of one dollar. He was married in 1852, to Miss Mary A. Ramsey, of Illinois. They have two children: Emma J. and Susie. Lost two: Lizzie and Mary.

TURNER, C. H.-Justice of the peace, was born in Jacksonville, Illinois, on the third day of May, 1857, and was brought by his parents to this county in March, 1858. His youth was divided between attending school and clerking in a store, until he decided to study law, and he was admitted to the bar in 1876, and in 1878 was elected to his present office and which he has filled to the satisfaction of all with whom he has business intercourse.

TURNER, GILES H.-Attorney at law, was born in Boone county, Missouri, May 13, 1824, and when fourteen years of age his parents moved to Jacksonville, Illinois. His father was a farmer, and young Turner naturally followed that as an occupation. He received a good school education and graduated from the Illinois College. Studied law with Governor Yates and was admitted to the bar in 1846. From 1852 to 1856 he represented his district in the State Legislature. In 1858. he came to this county and has been engaged, more or less, in the practice of his profession, since residing here. Has held the office of mayor of Des Moines three terms, and has been city attorney for six years. On the twenty-fourth of April, 1851, Miss Delia Rickart of Whitehall, Illinois, became his wife. She was born in Ohio. Their family consists of two children: John D. (physician), and Charles H. (lawyer). Have lost four children.

TURNER, WILLIAM-of Grupe & Turner, Iowa Boiler Works, East Des Moines; born June 13, 1828, in Fibeshire, Scotland, where he was raised. He learned his trade in the city of Glasgow, serving an apprenticeship of five years and working in that city some five years after serving his apprenticeship. He came to the United States in 1867, locating in Des Moines. In 1871 he engaged in business for himself, and two years afterward he formed a partnership with his present partner. The firm now enjoys a good trade, having all they can do the year round; their trade extending beyond the borders of our own State. He was united in marriage in 1854, to Margaret Bell, she was also born and raised in Scotland. Have six children: Robert, William, James, John, May and Thomas.

TUTTLE, GEN. J. M.-A native of Summerville, Monroe county (now Noble county), Ohio. Was born on the 24th of September, 1823, and prior to his tenth year attended school in Fayette county, Indiana, and afterward, until he attained his twentieth year, when he began life for him self, his time was employed in assisting his father. Removing to the West in the spring of 1846, he settled at Farmington, Van Buren county, Iowa, and there engaged in the mercantile trade and farming. In 1855 he was elected Sheriff of the county and two years later County Treasurer, being re-elected in 1859. At the opening of the civil war he raised a company of volunteers and was elected captain of the same, but such was the ra-

876 BIOGRAPHICAL.

pidity with which the call for troops was filled that the company was not called into the service until May 27, 1861, when it was assigned to the Second regiment Iowa infantry volunteers. While quartered at Keokuk Capt. Tattle was elected lieutenant-colonel, and on the 6th of September,. 1861, succeeded Col. Curtis to the rank of colonel, that officer having been promoted brigadier general. At the battles of Ft. Donelson and Shiloh Col. Tuttle displayed marked courage and self-possession, and made a record that placed him in the front ranks of Iowa's brave soldiers. During the fall and winter of 1862 he held command of the forces at Cairo, but in the spring of 1863 was assigned the command of a division of Gen. Sherman's corps. He was an active participant in the campaign against Vicksburg and in the capture of Jackson, Mississippi. He rendered efficient service in the army until the fall of 1864, when he was mustered out. Settling at Des Moines in the ensuing autumn he was engaged in farming for two years and since that time has been largely interested in pork packing. In 1871 he was elected a member of the State Legislature and served one term. As a business man Gen. Tattle is prompt and energetic; upright and honorable in all his dealings, he has secured the esteem of all with whom he has had to do. He has been twice married. First, September 22, 1847, to Miss Elizabeth J. Conner, of Fayette county, Indiana, who died September 21, 1851; and on the 17th of August, 1853, he was married to Laura M. Meek, daughter of Dr. S. G. Meek, of Farmington, Iowa. They have three children living: Laura (now Mrs. A. L. West), Mella and Joel. Lost two: George (died at Vicksburg), and Mary.

TUTTLE, S. B.-Proprietor of the Iowa Carbonated Stone Pipe Works. Was born in Monroe county, Ohio, February 19, 1829, and lived there until nine years of age and then removed to Fayette county; Indiana, where he was raised a farmer. In 1854 he emigrated to Iowa and settled in Van Buren county, and resided there until 1870, when he removed to this county and engaged in his present business of manufacturer and dealer in artificial stone for buildings, sewers and tile pipe, and besides doing a large city trade he has a large patronage in the adjoining counties and his business has become one of the permanent industries of the city. Mr. T. was married in June, 1860, to Miss Almira Kelley, a native of Putnam county, New York. They have two children: Linn J. and Albert K. Lost one son, Fred.

VINNEGE, ALVIN P.-Dealer in groceries, provisions, etc. Was born in Miami county, Indiana, May 30, 1854, where he lived until nine years of age; he then came to this city with his mother, his father having died some two years previous. He was raised on a farm and his time was divided between working on the farm summers and attending school during the winters. He commenced teaching school when sixteen years of age and taught five successive terms; he then attended the Iowa State University, at Iowa City for two years. On his return be accepted position of book-keeper in the bank of I. N. Thomas, where he continued nearly two years, and was afterward employed in the Citizens' National Bank in the same capacity. He established his present business on the East Side in 1877. He was married to Miss Clara E., daughter of the Hon. R. C. Webb, of this city, October 27, 1875. She was born in Indiana. They have one son and one daughter: Leroy J. and Alice. His characteristics as a business man may be inferred from the success which has attended his career.

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VORSE, FRANK W.-Among the few persons who located in Polk county prior to 1846, and the first person to establish a house for the sale of agricultural implements in Des Moines, was N. T. Vorse, who engaged in business in 1845, and continued it till the time of his death a few years since. The subject of this sketch, his successor in business, was born in Sidney, Iowa, February 9, 1856. His early life was passed in Des Moines, where he availed himself of the best educational facilities of the city, having graduated from the high school in 1873. In the same year he graduated from the Des Moines High School he entered the Northwestern University, at Evanston, Illinois, where he remained till the spring of 1875, when he was compelled to discontinue his studies on account of a failure of his eyes. In 1877, he became connected with the Marseilles Manufacturing Company, where he remained until 1879, when he opened out an agricultural implement establishment in the building formerly occupied by his father. The experience he obtained in the business while with his father and afterward with one of the most extensive manufacturing establishments of Illinois eminently fitted him for the business in which he is now engaged. He was married October 24, 1877, to Miss Agnes Newton, a niece of Hon Curtis Bates, formerly an eminent politician of Des Moines. She was born in Buchanan, Michigan, and was also a graduate of the Des Moines High School, of the class of 1873: They have one child, a daughter named Ruth.

WALKER, G. M.-Is a native of Ludlow, Vermont, and was born March 18, 1832. He was brought up there and attended the Green Mountain Liberal Institute, and in 1852 he removed to Richland county, Ohio. There he engaged in teaching school, and in May, 1855, emigrated to Warren county, Iowa. He became engaged in the mercantile business and followed it until the spring of 1860, when he went to Pike's Peak. Returned to Indianola in the fall of that year, and on the thirteenth of June following, he enlisted in the First Iowa cavalry, and served until his muster out on the first of March, 1866. He then came to this city and has .since resided here. He has served the people as treasurer of the county. Was married at Indianola, March 30, 1857, to Miss Abbie Young. Their family consists of one child, Jessie E., born December 14, 1867.

WARD, C. H.-Wholesale druggist, senior member of the firm of C. H. Ward & Co., is a native of New York, and was born on the ninth day of November, 1845, and when eight years of age accompanied his parents to Illinois, and was principally raised in Geneseo, Henry county. He enlisted in the regular army during the war and served as hospital steward. After being mustered out of the service he returned to his home, and soon after engaged in business in Altoona, Knox county, Illinois. In 1870 he came to Des Moines and established his present business, and has succeeded by a thorough knowledge of all the details of the business, in building up a large and constantly increasing trade. As a business man he is prompt and energetic, upright in all his dealings; he has secured the esteem of all with whom he has had business transactions, and attained to a well merited success. He has never sought or held a public office, preferring the peace and quiet of his legitimate business, and his  characteristics as a business man may be inferred from the success which has attended his career. He was married in 1866 to Miss Isabel C. Miles, a native of Michigan. Their family consists of three children living: Raleigh, Constance and Richard.

878 BIOGRAPHICAL.

WARD, M. W.-Of the firm of C. H. Ward & Co., wholesale druggists, is a native of Wyoming county, New York, and was born on the twenty-first day of November, 1845, and when six years of age removed with his parents to Genesee, Henry county, Illinois, where he was engaged as clerk, in a store until the outbreak of the rebellion and then enlisted in the One Hundred and Thirty-ninth Illinois infantry, and served until the close of the war. After he was mustered out of the U. S. service he attended school at the State University of Michigan, at Ann Arbor; and in 1870 came to Iowa and engaged in the drug trade in Winterset, and remained there until 1875 and then removed to Montezuma, and engaged in the banking business. In 1879 he disposed of his interest and came to this city, and became connected with his brother, C. H. Ward, in his present business. He was married in 1872 to Miss Sue W. Drake, of Lycoming county, Pennsylvania, a daughter of the Rev. Geo. C. Drake, an Episcopal clergyman of some note as well as a prominent Mason. They have two children: Clara L. and George H. Lost one daughter, Lillia B.

WARNER, GEORGE A.-Gas fitter and plumber. Was born in St. Louis, February 14, 1847. When he was two years of age his parents removed to Davenport, Iowa. During his, youth, when not at school, he was employed on a farm which occupation he followed till 1869, when he chose his present business as a permanent occupation. He removed to Des Moines and was in the employ of the gas company until that company sold out to Robinson & Atherton and was in the employ of the latter firm for four years. He established his present business in February, 1878. If the business at first was not very extensive Mr. Warner did not "despise the day of small things," but perseveringly adhered to his purpose, and industriously performed what work was committed to him. The business has steadily and constantly grown until it has become one of the leading houses of its kind in the capital city. Mr. Warner was married June 22, 1876, to Miss Helena Whitmore; she is a native of Pennsylvania. They have a son and a daughter: Harry and Daisie.

WARFIELD & HOWELL-Wholesale grocers.. Prominent among the younger business men of Des Moines are the above names, who have recently engaged in business in this city, but who, at the same time, have taken a front rank among its business firms. In the selection of a location for a permanent and increasing business in their line, they were naturally attracted by the geographical location of the city and the resources of the country, and so far their most sanguine expectations have been more than realized. Possessing a thorough knowledge of the branch of business in which  they are engaged they are determined to do their share in establishing the reputation of Des Moines as a wholesale center. 

WILSON R. WARFIELD, the senior member, was born in Belmont county, Ohio,. November 3, 1849; from  here he removed to Princeton, Bureau county, Illinois, where he was principally raised. In 1868  he removed to Quincy, Illinois, and entered the employ of Warfield & Meyers, wholesale grocers,  remaining with this firm until he engaged in his present business. He came to this county in 1880.  He married Miss Ella Lyford on the 10th day of December, 1873. She was born in Quincy, Illinois.  They have, by this union, two children: Mabel A. and Lyford W. J. W. HOWELL was born in Belmont  county, Ohio, March 8, 1850, where he was raised until sixteen years of age, and then removed to Quincy, Illinois. He commenced his. mercantile experience with H. A. Williamson & Co.

DES MOINES. 879

commission merchants, with whom he remained five years, and then entered the employ of Warfield & Myers, wholesale grocers, with whom he remained until coming to this county in 1880. He was united in marriage with Miss Anna J. Treat on the 10th day of December, 1873. She was a resident of Quincy, Illinois, but born in Rockville, Connecticut. Their family consists of two children: E. Mell. and Helen T.

WARD, Dr. W. H.-Has been a practicing physician for more than thirty years, and most of this time in Central Iowa. He was born in Indiana on the 29th day of May, 1829. He was raised principally in Danville, that State, and early in life commenced his preparation for the duties of his profession, which he selected from a love for it, and received his diploma from the college at Keokuk. In 1848 he followed a cherished desire to visit the new State of Iowa, and after deciding to make it his home he settled near Carlisle, now in Warren county, and in 1862 came to Des Moines. Has seen more years of active practice than any other physician in the county. He has pursued his profession with great diligence, made constant progress in the healing art, and stands among the foremost men in the medical fraternity in Central Iowa. He was married to Miss Allie Parker, November 25, 1851. She was born in Indiana. They have four children: Minnie E., Frank F., Harry C. and Elmer R.

WARNER, FREDERICK A.-Postmaster and dealer in books and stationery. Was born in Cortland county, New York, March 18, 1836, and lived there until he reached his majority. He received all the advantages of the schools at home, and for four years attended the Oberlin College of Ohio. On the breaking out of the rebellion, on the call for 75,000 men, he enlisted in company C, Seventh Ohio infantry. Served for three months and then re-enlisted for three years, but only served about thirteen months when he was obliged to resign on account of a severe wound received in the elbow while engaged in the battle of Winchester. After his return from the army he spent one year in Connecticut. He then came to Illinois and was engaged in the mercantile business at Lacon, Marshall county, for one year. In 1867 he came to this city and has been a resident here ever since. He was Deputy Secretary of State for six years and has been postmaster, East Side, about six months. As an official he is prompt, perfectly reliable and very efficient. He was married in Marlow, Cheshire county, New Hampshire, to Miss Mary M. Dodge. They are the parents of one son and two daughters: Beth, Belle and Halbert D.

WATTS, DR. J.-Dentist. Was born in Montgomery county, Indiana, October 10, 1840, and at the age of eight years came with his parents to this State and located in Allen township, Polk county. He here grew to manhood on a farm and was educated in the common schools. When nineteen years of age he came to this city to learn the dental profession with Dr. Molesworth, with whom he stayed two years. At the expiration of that time he took the road, traveling from place to place, working at his profession, in which he had become very proficient. In 1870 he returned to Des Moines and opened an office on his own account and has remained here since. Has built up a fine trade which his skill and experience so well deserve. He has also taken quite an interest in the developing of fine horses, and has owned some of the finest steppers that have ever graced the race track. He is now the owner of one of the most promising colts in the county, Charlie G. Hayes. Was married October 31,

880 BIOGRAPHICAL.

1864, to Miss Sarah A. Bell, a native of Ohio. They have two children: Clarence V. (living) and Calvin P. (deceased).

WATT, JAMES-Of the firm of Watt & Cochran, was born in Quebec, Canada, in 1843, of Scotch parentage. In early life he aided his father in hewing out a farm in the Queen's Bush, Ontario. Studying at night he prepared himself to teach a country school. He studied so assiduously that at the end of his third year he took a first-class certificate during  pleasure, excelling especially in mathematics, which led him to adopt civil engineering as a profession. In 1866 he was induced by R. C. Spencer to take a commercial course at his college in Milwaukee, which laid the foundation for his present career. In 1874 he was known as the greatest produce shipper of the West, sending hundreds of car loads to Kansas, Colorado, California, as well as New York, Philadelphia and New Orleans. This led to a very large acquaintance, and Mr. Cochrna business man of capital from Ohio, was led to embark with him in the wholesale business, with the success indicated by their present elegant quarters, beautiful stock, and extensive trade. Mr. W. was married to Miss Kirkman, in 1868, daughter of Rev. Fred. Kirkman, late of Quincy, Illinois.

WEAVER, C. A.-Of the firm of Weaver & Maish, druggists. Was born in York, Pennsylvania, in 1832. He learned the trade of cabinet maker in his youth. In 1850 he commenced his mercantile experience in the drug trade. In 1855 he came to this county and entered the employ of Dr.Baker and continued with him until 1869, when, in company with his brother-in-law, Geo. H. Maish, established the present business, and besides doing a jobbing trade are the leading retail druggists of the city, and as business men have been very successful. Mr. Weaver has been twice married. First, in 1856, to Miss M. A. Johns, a native of Ohio. She died, leaving two children: John A. and George M. His second wife was Mary A. Smyser, of York, Pennsylvania. They have three children by this marriage: Carrie, Lillie and Frank.

WEBSTER, I. N.-Was born in Meigs county, Ohio, December 12, 1841, where he was brought up at the hard work of a farmer's boy. He continued to follow the occupation of farming until the breaking out of the late war, when he entered the army. He enlisted August 13,1862, in company B, One Hundred and Sixteenth Ohio infantry, and served in that regiment till the close of the war, when he was discharged January 14,1865. During his time of service he participated in the battles of Moorefield, Winchester, New Market, Piedmont, Lynchburg, Stony Ford, Kearnstown, Hall Town, Opequan, Fisher's Hill, Stickney Farm, Cedar Creek, and at the capture of Lee at Richmond. After his term of service he returned home and attended school at Miller's Seminary, Athens, Ohio. In 1866 he entered the employ of the Singer Sewing Machine Company as general agent for Ohio, in which position he remained for three years and was transferred to Iowa in 1869, making Des Moines his home. He continued in the agency of the sewing machine company, with his headquarters at Des Moines, till 1873, when he engaged in the marble business, which he has followed till the present time. Mr. Webster is a man of pleasant address, and by following a strictly honorable and honest system of doing business has succeeded in establishing a house which is now doing a business of $40,000 a year. He was married March 2, 1867, to Miss Maggie Miller. She is the daughter of Amos Miller, a very renowned educator of Athens, Ohio. They have three children, sons, named, Fred. M., Ralph A., Harry B.

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WEITZ, CHAS.-Contractor and builder. The subject of this sketch is probably the oldest contractor in Des Moines in point of residence. He was born in Germany, on the 4th day of May, 1824, and in early life was apprenticed to learn the carpenter trade, and which avocation he has followed until the present time. He remained in his native country until 1850, and then decided to emigrate to America. Coming to this country he made his home first in Columbus, Ohio, and worked their five years. At the end of that time business in the building line became very dull there, and in fact almost suspended. Casually hearing mention made of Des Moines, and of its being the place selected for the capital, and ignorant to a great extent of its location, and acting on the impression that it would be a desirable place for a man of energy, willing to brave the hardships of frontier life, he, in company with his wife, reached Des Moines in 1855. He purchased the lot where he now lives and built him a temporary house, and was successful in getting work at once, and before he had been here one month had nine men working for him, and the number could have been largely increased if he could have got the workmen. He has been closely identified with the city's building and progress, and by economy and industry has been very successful. He was married to Miss Helena Kinnel in 1854. She was born in Germany. They have seven children: Lizzie K., Charles H., Amelia, Rosa, Fred. W., Emma and Ettie.

WELLS, L. J.-Is a native of Montrose, Susquehanna county, Pennsylvania, where he was born January 28, 1831. He traces his origin to English ancestry. He learned the trade of carpenter in his youth and by industry and economy, combined with good judgment, had saved about $2,000 at the time he came to Des Moines, in 1857. It may be mentioned here that he came to the city in 1856 and purchased lots on which to erect a home. . His arrival at Des Moines happened at an inopportune time. Of his savings $1,000 was invested in his home and $400 that he had deposited in bank of Ingham & Callanan was swept away in the general maelstrom of wild cat banks. Making the best of ill fortune he took fourteen legislative boarders during the winter, among whom was ex-Governor Gue, of Fort Dodge. This occupation proved a profitable means of support until employment was found, and from that day fortune has favored in laboring and speculating, and to-day he is recognized among the substantial business men of Des Moines. In 1868 he engaged in his present business and owns a fine brick stable, two stories above basement, and well stocked with horses and carriages, among the finest in the city, and his character as a business man may be inferred from the success which has attended his business. He is no political aspirant, but devotes his time to his legitimate business. He has been twice married, first to Miss Mary E. Brown, of Pennsylvania, in 1852. She died in 1862, leaving two children: William and Jesse. He married for his second wife Miss Sarah Bailey, a native of Maryland, in 1863.

WEBB, R. C.-Of the firm of R. C. Webb & Co., wholesale grocers. Among the business men of Des Moines few who ever settled here brought with them more of the elements of success than the subject of our sketch, and who, for thirteen years, has been a prominent trader in his line. He has indomitable energy and perseverance and carefully oversees every branch of his business and is shrewd and keen, yet deals fairly with his customers, hence he makes friends rapidly, secures and retains their custom easily, and is a fine example of  the reward which industry and honest deal-

882 BIOGRAPHICAL.

ing often secure. He was born in Tennessee August 20, 1827, and when young he removed to Wayne county, Indiana, where he was raised a farmer and had a mercantile experience. He came to this county in 1866 and engaged in the grain trade, and in 1867 embarked in his present business and at the present time is the oldest jobbing house in his line. No firm has done more to build up the reputation of Des Moines as a wholesale center. He has associated with him in business his son, C. L. Webb, and C. C. Prouty. In 1879 he was elected to the upper house of the Iowa State Legislature, and has served faithfully and well, with credit to himself and the entire satisfaction of his constituents. He was married in 1845 to Miss Sarah A. Burgoyne Case, a native of Wayne county, Indiana. They have two children: Constantine L. and Clara E. J. (wife of Alvin Vinnedge).

WELLS, L.-Druggist. Was born in New York March 28, 1821, and at the age of thirteen years removed, with his parents, to Medina county, Ohio, were he was raised. At the age of nineteen years he engaged in the potash and pearl business in Litchfield, and a short time after opened a dry goods store which he continued until 1853. He then came to this State, locating in Warren county, and invested his means in land and also town lots in Indianola. In the fall of 1854 he went out to Omaha, Nebraska, built the first hotel at that place which he called the Douglas House, and boarded the first legislative body of the State. At. the end of one year he returned to Indianola and bought the Hackett Mill, which he ran for about two years and was also engaged in the dry goods business. He owned a livery and sale stable in Holly Springs, Mississippi, and shipped horses and mules to that place, and at the same time ran five mail routes for the government. In 1863 he went to St. Louis, engaging in the commission business, but soon sold out and came to Des Moines, where he bought stock. For a short time he was engaged in the livery business at Clinton, Iowa, and then moved to Peoria, Illinois, where he followed his business nearly three years. In 1868 he was burned out, sustaining quite a loss, and returned to this city, where he again engaged in the livery business. He remained here nearly three years, sold part of his stock and took a trip through the northwest, remaining about ten months. In 1871 he resumed his principal occupation, and continued therein until August, 1877, when he traded his stock for lands in Nebraska. He moved to Beatrice, that State, remained about three months, and then returned here, where he bought his old stable and also a drug stock. The next year he traded the same for property on the East Side, and in December, 1877, bought his present drug store. In January, 7 1869, he met with a severe accident, falling upon a defective sidewalk and breaking his hip. This made him a cripple for life. Mr. Wells has been thrice married, first, July 14, 1842, to Miss Elesta L. Phinney, a native of Ohio. She died November 1, 1843, leaving one child, Electa (now Mrs. D. W. Wells, of Kearney Junction, Nebraska). He was married again January 1, 1846, to Miss Sarah Jenkins, a native of Ohio. They had four children: Lucius W. and Leander W. living, and two deceased. The third time, October 9, 1866, he married Miss Abbie J. Paris, a native of Ohio. They have no children.

WELLSLAGER, R. T.-Junior member of the book and stationery firm of Redhead & Wellslager. Was born in Washington county, Maryland, in 1834, and removed at an early age to Richland county, Ohio, where,

DES MOINES. 883

during his youth and early manhood, he made the most of his inferior advantages in acquiring a good education and preparing for a future business career. At the age of twenty he emigrated to Oskaloosa, this State, securing a position as deputy postmaster, and becoming so popular that, in response to a petition signed by nearly every voter, irrespective of party, in Oskaloosa and vicinity, he was, in 1857, appointed postmaster, which position he filled with almost unequaled satisfaction till April, 1861, when visiting the State capital at the opening of the extra session of the Iowa Legislature, convened to place the State on a war footing, he was made Assistant Secretary of the Senate. At the expiration of the legislative session he entered the banking house of B. F. Allen, where he remained for nearly four years as cashier. Removing to New York City in the spring of 1865 he operated  in gold, stocks, etc., in Wall street for one year, and in March, 1866, returned to Des Moines and purchased a half interest in his present business, and has been the active head of the firm of Redhead & Wellslager since that time.
 
WEST, F. R.-Capt F. R. West was one of the pioneers of Polk county, and has been an important factor in its history. He was born July 28, 1813, in Albany county, New York. His father, Harry West, was an extensive merchant and contractor, who removed to Wayne county, New York, about the year 1816, where the son spent the days of his youth, receiving good educational advantages. In 1834 be went to Pittsburgh, Pa., where he was engaged on public works, and running a packet boat on the Pennsylvania canal, and from which he derived his familiar title of  "captain." In due process of time railroads usurped the passenger traffic of the country, and it was abandoned on the canals. When that was done on the Pennsylvania canal, Mr. West was employed by the railroad company in the weighing department, where he remained from 1846 to 1849, when he became Superintendent of the Alleghany Portage Railroad, which position he held until 1853, when the road was abandoned. He then came to Des Moines, and was engaged in the real estate business for five years. In 1856 he built the brick block corner of Fourth and Court Avenue, now the State Register block. In 1858 the State Bank of Iowa was organized, and Mr. West was elected President of the Des Moines branch, which began business January 1st, 1858. In 1861, Hoyt Sherman, the cashier, was appointed paymaster in the army, and Mr. West was made his successor as cashier, and B. F. Allen elected President. The same year Mr. West was appointed one of the Commissioners on Iowa War Claims, arising from the clothing and equipping of Iowa soldiers in the early part of the war of the rebellion. He continued as cashier of the bank until 1865, when it was reorganized as the National State Bank, under the  national banking law. He purchased a majority of the stock, and in 1876 surrendered the charter and started a new banking house under the name of F. R. West & Sons, which continued to 1877, when, becoming involved in the disastrous failure of B. F. Allen, the bank was closed. This ended eighteen years of continuous banking by Mr. West in Des Moines, a longer time than that of any other person, and during that time he had the confidence and support of the community and business men for his prudence and caution. July 17, 1833, he married Miss Elizabeth F. Black, born and raised in Elmira, New York, a woman of estimable character, who has done much to mould and shape the destiny of the capital city of Iowa. Few,  very few of those who make up the population of to-day realize or know how much

884 BIOGRAPHICAL.

is due the noble pioneer women, who toiled and suffered the privations incident to frontier life. Six children have been born to them: Francis M., Harry, Albert L., and Nettie L. (wife of Norman Lichty), Whitman, and Mary Arathusa (who married B. F. Allen). The last two are deceased.

WETHERWAX, S. W.-Photographer, was born on the 16th of October, 1858, and is a native of Mahaska county, this State. After residing in that county for some time he went to Keokuk, and there received his education, after which he learned his present business. In June, of 1880, he came to Des Moines, and has since been engaged in business here. Although yet a young man he has a bright future before him. His energy, combined with his good business qualifications, will enable him to make a success of whatever he undertakes.

WHITE, W. L.-Was born at Oskaloosa, Iowa, January 18, 1848, where he passed his youth. At the age of seventeen years he entered the army, enlisting in company D, of the Thirty-third Iowa infantry, in which regiment he served till the close of the war. He participated in the battles of Mobile, Saline River and numerous others. Upon returning from the war he located in Des Moines, where he was first employed as salesman by W. E. Talbott & Co., in which place he remained for four years and a half, when he began business for himself. The success which he has achieved by this business venture is well known to the people of Des Moines and Central Iowa. He is now regarded as one of the most successful boot and shoe dealers in the State. He was married January 31st, 1873, to Miss Ella Clapp.  She is the daughter of Mr. E. R. Clapp, and one of the first settlers of Polk county. They have four children named respectively as follows: Jennie, Adelia, Alvah, William L.

WHITE, W. R.-Of the firm of White & McRae, proprietors of the Pleasant Hill Coal Company, mention of which is made in another part of this work, was born in England, on the 28th day of September, 1850. At the age of nine years he commenced the occupation of miner. In 1870 he emigrated to the United States and settled in Illinois. He came to this county in 1874. He married Miss Mary A. Lumsdon in 1875. She was born in Monmouth, Warren county, Illinois. They have one son, Robert J.

WHITE, B. C.-Proprietor of the Capital Mills, was born in Lancaster county, Pennsylvania, December 23,1824, and was raised there. He learned the trade of machinist in Philadelphia, and from this place went to Lancaster, Pennsylvania, and after living there some years removed to Chicago, Illinois, and thence to Indianapolis, Indiana, and in 1853 went to Richmond, Indiana, and lived there between twelve and thirteen years, eight years of which he was engaged in the gas business. He came to this county in 1865, and in 1866 built his present mills. He married Miss Letitia Flemming in 1866. She was born in Lancaster county, Pennsylvania. They have a family of three children: George F., Grace M. and Pearl L. Lost one son, Benjamin F.

WHITE, GEO.-Of the firm of Geo. White & Co., dealers in notions at wholesale, and one of the representative business men of Central Iowa, as well as of Des Moines, is a native of Plymouth, Massachusetts, and was born on the 12th day of September, 1825. He resided at home until thirteen years of age, and then shipped before the mast as a sailor boy and made several voyages to Europe. At the age of fifteen he quit the sea and engaged as an apprentice to learn the cooper's trade. He continued this busi-

DES MOINES. 885

ness as an avocation for some years and then went to California and remained a short time, and after his return located in Boston, where he lived until 185?, and then joined a New England company, who emigrated to Iowa, and settled in Adair county, and engaged in agricultural pursuits. In 1863 he removed to Des Moines and engaged in his present business. In 1872 he formed a partnership with Mr. Mecracken, which continued until the death of Mr. Mecracken, in December, 1878, since which time the business has been conducted under the name and style of Geo. White & Co. The firm has an established trade and it has done its full share in making Des Moines a wholesale trade-center for the great and growing West. From the time he first engaged in his present business he has been one of the leading dealers of Des Moines. He was married in 1853 to Miss Frances Sprague, a native of Boston, Massachusetts. They have two children: Edith
J. (now Mrs. Morrison), and Fannie R.

WHITMAN, Dr. H. L.-One of the longest resident practicing physicians of Des Moines, is the subject of this sketch, who was born in West Hartford, Connecticut, December 30, 1814, and until seventeen years of age he was raised on a farm. He received his literary education at Amherst, Massachusetts, and graduated in medicine from the Jefferson Medical College, of Philadelphia. He removed to Freeport, Illinois, in 1847, and thence to Dubuque in 1851, and came to this county in 1853, and has practiced continuously longer in the city than any other physician, and, with the exception of Dr. Ward, the longest in the county, and is one of the best physicians known throughout the county. He is as much a student as ever, and devotes his leisure to reading his medical periodicals and other scientific works, and no one has labored more to raise the standard of medical practice. He was married in 1865 to Miss E. Thompson, a native of Ellington, Connecticut. He has three children: Nellie West, Mary E. and Luara Thompson.

WILLIAMS, J. E.-Was born in Montrose, Susquehanna county, Pennsylvania, October 10, 1841, and in October of 1870 removed to Iowa. He first settled at Adel, and for a time was the editor of the Dallas County Gazette. He held the office of postmaster at that place for three years from January 1, 1871, and in 1874 came to Des Moines to accept the position of editor on the Daily State Journal, remaining there until August, 1875. In August, 1876, he opened a job printing establishment on Fifth street, which he still continues, in connection with which he is agent of a prominent fire insurance company. September 12, 1865, he was married to Miss Carrie N. Ostrander, of Binghamton, New York. They have one daughter, May.

WILSON, JOHN A.-Carriage manufacturer. Was born in Jackson county, Indiana, May 12, 1841, and there received his education. At the age of thirteen years he began to learn the blacksmith trade with Wm. Ireland, of Brownstown, Jackson county, and remained with him until twenty years of age. He then removed to Louisville, Kentucky, where he worked at his trade until August, 1862, and then returned to Brownstown. He there enlisted in and helped to raise company E, Sixty-seventh Indiana.. He was promoted to sergeant and then lieutenant of his company and was with the regiment all of the time, except about six weeks in the hospital. Served until the close of the war and was discharged at Galveston, Texas, August 20, 1865. He returned to Louisville and engaged at his trade, remaining there about three years; and then came to Iowa and

886 BIOGRAPHICAL.

located at Brooklyn, Poweshiek county. In the fall of 1870 he came to Des Moines and engaged in working for O. W. Munsell until the spring of 1871, when he formed a partnership under the firm name of Harbison, Wilson & Williams, for the manufacture of fine carriages. At the end of about two years Mr. Williams withdrew, and in about one year more Mr. Wilson became sole proprietor. In August, 1866, he sold his establishment to Mr. Gill and fitted up a shop on the East Side. One year later he returned to this side and in December, 1878, established his present shops. He was married September 11, 1872, to Miss Mary Bell, a native of Massachusetts. They have two children living: Willie H. and J. A. Lost one, an infant.

WILLIAMSON, W. W.-A native of Franklin, Kentucky, was born on the 6th of September, 1821. In 1828, when William was eight years old, his mother died and he lived with his grandmother Williamson until 1834, when his father married a second time and removed to Orleans, Indiana, and engaged in the mercantile trade. Prior to this time William had attended school at various places, but upon removing to Indiana, entered his father's store, where he was engaged for two years. He afterward spent three years on a farm in Orange county, and in 1840 entered Asbury University, at Greencastle, Indiana. He continued his studies for three years and in the spring of 1844 taught a school for three months. Going thence to Lawrence county, he there had charge of a seminary for more than a year and at the expiration of that time entered the office of George C. Dunn, Esq., for the purpose of completing his law studies, which he had previously begun. Being admitted to the bar in 1846, he began the practice of his profession at Bedford, Indiana, and continued it with good success until the spring of 1848, when he removed to Fairfield, Iowa. He had intended to settle at Monroe City, the capital having been located there, but the Legislature of that year set aside the action locating the capital there, and Mr. Williamson spent eighteen months at the above named place. Believing that the capital would eventually be located at Fort Des Moines, he removed thither in September, 1849, and established himself in the practice of his profession. He soon made for himself a fine reputation, and in 1851 was elected Prosecuting Attorney of Polk county for a term of two years. In 1854 he was elected, on the Whig ticket, Judge of the Fifth judicial district, which comprised all of Western Iowa. After his election had been reported and his certificate issued by the Secretary of State, the election was contested, the contesting board consisting of two Democrats and one Whig. Poll-books were admitted in a questionable, if not fraudulent manner, and the result was that his election was set aside. He continued his profession with marked success until 1860, when, by reason of his wife's ill health, he removed his family to San Antonio, Texas. In July, 1861, on account of the civil war, which had already opened, he returned to Des Moines and continued his practice until the fall of 1865, when he again went to San Antonio. Such, however, was the state of society, that he returned to Des Moines in the following spring and opened a law office. He was married in September, 1874, to Miss Clarissa A. McLane, of Bedford, Indiana. Mrs. Williamson was born at Orleans, Indiana, on the 3d of May, 1824. They have had five children: William T., Charles E., Frank and Clara, living, and one daughter, Lillie, died May 8, 1858. As a lawyer he has a wide and worthy reputation among his fellow practitioners, and is universally known as an honorable, fair-dealing man.

DES MOINES. 887

WILLIAMS, J. J.-Is the son of Alexander and Mary, nee Jackson, Williams who settled in Jefferson county, Ohio, in an early day. Here young Williams was born, May 14, 1834, inheriting on his father's side the quick, impassioned temperament of the ancient Briton, and the careful, but no less determined Scotch character, through his mother. The subject of our sketch was raised in Gallia county, Ohio, his parents removing to that county when he was quite young. Here he enjoyed good educational advantages. His father was a farmer, an extensive mill owner and operator in the two counties above named. From sixteen years of age until twenty-four, young Williams divided his time between farming, milling and study. He then devoted two years to the study of law, and graduated from the law school of Cincinnati in the spring of 1860. In the following fall he removed to this city, and, after mature deliberation, becoming convinced that milling would be more profitable than the practice of law, he became connected with his father, who had the previous year bought the water-power, built the flouring mill on First, corner of Center street, West Des Moines. He continued the milling business until the fall of 1873, since which time he has devoted his time  principally to real estate. He at present represents West Des Moines in the city. council. He has manifested commendable public spirit in the growth and prosperity of the town, and has taken an active part in every public improvement and contributed liberally to every enterprise. He is a man of great decision of character, with strong and enduring convictions of right, and, being a prudent and careful manager, success has attended him in every branch of business. September 25, 1860, he was married to Miss Cornelia M., daughter of John Catin , a native of Gallia county, Ohio. They have a family of seven children living: Mary B., Jennie C., Cornelia M., Minnetta, Ida L., Alice W., Alex. Have lost two: Gertrude and John A.

WILLIAMS, J. D.-Of the Farmers' Mills. Born in Shelby, county, Indiana, July 25, 1842, and in 1850 removed with his parents to Iowa, locating in Polk county, where, with the exception of the time he was in the army, the subject of this sketch has since resided. In 1862 he enlisted in company C, Twenty-third Iowa infantry, and served until 1863, when, on account of disabilities, he was discharged and returned home. Up to 1873 he was engaged in agricultural pursuits, but since then has been engaged in the milling business, being engaged at present in the manufacture of hominy, bolted meal, feed, etc. He was married in 1863, June 8, to Martha M. Hawkins, a native of Indiana. Have five children: Charles S., Joseph M. James C., Clarence H. and Fanny 13.

WINDSOR, JAMES H.-The subject of the following sketch is a fair example of what may be attained by perseverance, industry and energy. He was born in Allegany county, New York, on the 16th day of April, 1829, and is the son of Samuel Windsor, Esq., a merchant of some prominence, a dealer in hardware and manufacturer of tinware. Young Windsor's early youth was spent in acquiring an education, and at the age of nineteen he commenced his experience as a practical tinsmith. For three years he was deputy postmaster in his native town. In 1852 he removed to Ellicottville, Cattaraugus, county, New York, and engaged in the drug business, continuing the same for two years. The following year six months was spent in a tour of observation through the West. In 1856 he removed to Waukegan, Illinois, and served as Deputy Clerk of the Circuit Court for two years and in 1858 he returned to New York to settle his father's estate and

888 BIOGRAPHICAL.

remained there three years, being engaged in agricultural pursuits and stock dealing. From there he went to Buffalo, where for two years he was engaged in the stock business, being associated  with J. H. Metcalf, under the firm name of Metcalf & Windsor, proprietors of the Elk Street Drovers' Yards, of that city. He then disposed of his interest and came to Chicago and engaged in the live stock commission business, continuing the same until 1873, when he removed to this city and purchased Stower's packing house and became associated with Jones & Raymond in the packing business. Of this business, mention of which is made in another part of this work, we feel that too much cannot be said of its interest to the city and to the farmers of the county in affording them a market at all times and at satisfa